2. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Nuh ibn Shu‘ayb al-Naysaburi from ‘Ubaydallah ibn ‘Abdallah al-Dihqan from Durust ibn abu Mansur from ’Urwa cousin of Shu‘ayb al-’Aqarqi from Shu‘ayb from abu Basir who has said the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said that Imam Ali (a.s.) used to say, “O seekers of knowledge, knowledge (in a personified form) has a great deal of virtues. Humbleness is his head, freedom from jealousy forms his eyes, proper understanding shapes his ears, truthfulness constitutes his tongue, research and investigation produce his memory, optimism stands for his heart, the knowledge of facts and affairs strengthen his intellect. Intelligence and kindness are his hands, visitation of the scholars builds his legs, safety and peace emerge from his stamina, chastity develops his wisdom, salvation is his head quarters, good health and tranquility are his lead, loyalty will provide him his conveyance, politeness in communication gives him weapons, consent frames his sword, yielding to the truth stands for his bow and arrow, communication with the scholars establishes his army, proper discipline treasures his wealth, avoiding sins preserves his savings, uprightness institutes his supplies, amicable dealings supply him water, guidance determines his direction and love of virtuous people is the archetype for his friends.”
Nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Nuh ibn Shuayb an-Naysaburi, d'Ubaydullah ibn Abdallah ad-Dihqan, de Durust ibn Abi Mansur, d'Urwah ibn Ahi Shuayb al-Aqrqoofi, de Shuayb, d'Abi Basir, qui a dit : J'ai entendu Abou Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) dire : "Certes, l'Imam des croyants (que la paix soit sur lui) disait : Ô chercheur de science, certes la science possède de nombreuses vertus. Sa tête est l'humilité, son œil est la pureté exempte d'envie, son oreille est la compréhension, sa langue est la sincérité, sa préservation est l'examen, son cœur est la bonne intention, son esprit est la connaissance des choses et des affaires, sa main est la miséricorde, son pied est la visite aux savants, son aspiration est la sécurité, sa sagesse est la piété, son refuge est le salut, son guide est la protection, son moyen de transport est la fidélité, son arme est la douceur de la parole, son épée est la satisfaction, son arc est la modération, son armée est la discussion avec les savants, sa richesse est la courtoisie, son arsenal est l'évitement des péchés, son surplus est la bienfaisance, son eau est la générosité, son guide est la guidance, son compagnon est l'amour des vertueux."
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “The holy Prophet has said, ‘The best minister for faith is knowledge, the best minister for knowledge is forbearance, the best minister for forbearance is amicable dealings and the best minister for amicable dealings is patience.’”
3- Muhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, de Hammad ibn Uthman, d'Abi Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit: Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) a dit: "Quel excellent ministre de la foi que la connaissance, quel excellent ministre de la connaissance que la patience, quel excellent ministre de la patience que la douceur, et quel excellent ministre de la douceur que la patience."
4. Ali ibn Muhammad from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash‘ari from ‘Abdallah ibn Maymun al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) from his ancestors (the Imams (a.s.) who has said the following. “Once a man came to the holy Prophet (s.a.) and said, ‘O messenger of Allah what is knowledge?’ The holy Prophet replied, “It is silence.” The man then asked, “Then what?” The holy Prophet said, “It is listening.” The man asked, “Then what?” The holy Prophet (s.a.) said, “Then it is memorizing.” The man asked, “Then what?” The holy Prophet said, “Then it is practice accordingly.” The man then asked, “Then what O messenger of Allah?” The holy Prophet said, “Then it is to propagate what one has learned.”
Ali ibn Muhammad a rapporté de Sahl ibn Ziyad, de Ja'far ibn Muhammad al-Ash'ari, d'Abdullah ibn Maymun al-Qaddah, de l'Imam Abu Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) de ses ancêtres (que la paix soit sur eux) qui ont dit : "Un homme vint voir le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) et lui demanda : 'Ô Messager d'Allah, qu'est-ce que la connaissance ?' Il répondit : 'L'écoute.' L'homme dit : 'Puis quoi ?' Il dit : 'L'attention.' L'homme dit : 'Puis quoi ?' Il dit : 'La mémorisation.' L'homme dit : 'Puis quoi ?' Il dit : 'L'action en accord avec elle.' L'homme dit : 'Puis quoi, ô Messager d'Allah ?' Il répondit : 'La propagation de celle-ci.'"
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim in a marfu’ manner has narrated from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “The seekers of knowledge are of three kinds. The more noticeable of them in person or character are: (a) the group who seeks knowledge for ignorance and quarrel. (b) The group who seeks knowledge to dominate and cheat others. (c) The group who seeks knowledge for proper understanding, Fiqh, and power of intelligence. The group whose purpose of seeking knowledge is ignorance and quarrel is a harmful and quarrelsome group. This group interrupts conversations in the gatherings of the people to speak about knowledge and the description of forbearance. Such people appear in the garb of the gentle and humble ones but, in fact, are devoid of all the qualities of the pious people. Allah has humiliated and has condemned this group. The group that seeks domination and cheating is a deceitful and flattering group. Such people try to dominate people of their kind and flatter the wealthy ones who know less than they do. Such people consume the sweetmeat of the rich people and destroy their own religion. May Allah banish the news of such people and cut off their traces from the history of the scholars. “The group that seeks knowledge for the sake of Fiqh, proper understanding, and to gain the power of intelligence consists of people who are deeply concerned and stay awake very often. They pull their robe on their heads and standup for prayer in the darkness of nights. They work hard anxiously and fearfully and pray with deep worries. They are very attentive of their affairs, knowledgeable of the people of their time and fearful even of their own trusted brothers. May Allah strengthen the corners of such people and grant them salvation on the Day of Judgment.” Narrated to me the above hadith Muhammad ibn Mahmud abu ‘Abdallah al-Qazwini from a number of our people of whom is Ja‘far in Muhammad al-Sayqal of Qazwin from Ahmad ibn ‘Isa al-‘Alawi from ‘Abbad ibn Suhayb al-Basri from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.).
5- Ali ibn Ibrahim a rapporté à Abu Abdallah (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit: "Les chercheurs de connaissance sont de trois types: connais-les par leurs caractéristiques. Il y a un type qui recherche la connaissance par ignorance et querelle, un autre type qui la recherche par vanité et distraction, et un troisième type qui la recherche pour la compréhension et la raison. Celui qui recherche par ignorance et querelle est arrogant, obstiné, et se dispute facilement avec les gens, négligeant la science et la patience. Il est envahi par l'humilité et abandonne la piété. Dieu a obscurci son discernement et a éloigné de lui la sagesse. Celui qui recherche par vanité et distraction est trompeur et insipide, imitant ceux qui lui ressemblent et se soumettant aux riches au-dessus de lui. Il est un flatteur pour leurs plaisirs et un destructeur pour leur religion. Dieu l'a aveuglé sur sa réalité et a effacé son empreinte parmi les traces des érudits. Celui qui recherche pour la compréhension et la raison est sérieux, mélancolique, et veille tard dans la nuit à méditer et à craindre Dieu, appelant humblement et craintivement, se souciant de son propre état, connaissant les gens de son époque, se sentant étranger parmi ses proches. Dieu a renforcé ses fondations et lui a donné le jour du Jugement son dépôt. Et Muhammad ibn Mahmoud m'a rapporté cela d'un groupe de nos compagnons, parmi eux Ja'far ibn Muhammad al-Sayqal de Qazwin, d'Ahmad ibn Isa al-Alawi, d'Abbad ibn Suhayb al-Basri, de Abu Abdallah (que la paix soit sur lui)."
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Talha ibn Zayd who has said the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) said, ‘The narrators of the book are a great many but those who would follow the proper discipline are very few. There are many, who are sincere about Hadith but mess up with the book. Lack of protection and discipline saddens the scholars and the (zeal) of ignorant ones to protect the (words of) narration (of a false text in reality) betrays the later group altogether. One kind of protectionism seeks protection of life and the other leads to its destruction and in such a situation the two forms of protectionism become different and the two groups distinct from each other.’”
6 - Ali ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Muhammad ibn Yahya, de Talha ibn Zaid, a dit : J'ai entendu Abou Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) dire : "Certes, les transmetteurs du Livre sont nombreux, mais ses protecteurs sont rares. Combien de personnes bien intentionnées pour le hadith sont dédaigneuses envers le Livre ! Les savants sont attristés par l'abandon de la protection, tandis que les ignorants sont attristés par la préservation de la transmission. Un berger veille sur sa vie, un autre veille sur sa perte. C'est ainsi que les deux bergers divergent et que les deux groupes se séparent."
7. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash‘ari from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Jumhur from ’Abd al-Rahman ibn abu Najran from one he mentioned from abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who has said the following. “Whoever would preserve and memorize forty of our Hadith on the Day of Judgment Allah will raise him as a scholar and Faqih, one with proper understanding of religion.”
7. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash'ari, de Mu'alla ibn Muhammad, de Muhammad ibn Jumhur, d'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Najran, de celui qui l'a mentionné, d'Abu 'Abdullah (sur lui la paix) a dit : "Celui qui mémorise quarante hadiths de nos hadiths, Allah le ressuscitera au Jour du Jugement en tant que savant juriste."
8. A number of our people has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from one he mentioned from Zayd al-Shahham from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following. “It is his knowledge that he acquires from whoever he acquires.” This he said in answer to the question ‘What is his food’ in the words of Allah, “Let the human being think about (how We produce) his food.” (80:24)?’
Nombre 8 - Un certain nombre de nos compagnons de Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid, de son père, de celui qui l'a mentionné, de Zayd Ash-Shahham, de Abi Ja'far (sur lui la paix), concernant la parole d'Allah, le Très Haut : "Que l'homme considère donc sa nourriture." Il a dit : J'ai demandé : Quelle est sa nourriture ? Il a dit : Son savoir, celui qu'il prend de celui qui le lui transmet.
9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn an-Ni‘man from ‘Abdallah ibn Muskan from Daiwud ibn Farqad from abu Sa‘id al-Zuhri from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following. “Holding back in an uncertain conditions is better than indulging in a destructive case. Your ignoring a Hadith that you do not narrate is better than your narrating a Hadith that you have not verified.”
Muhammad ibn Yahya a rapporté d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, d'Ali ibn al-Nu'man, d'Abdullah ibn Muskan, de Dawud ibn Farqad, d'Abi Sa'id al-Zuhri, de l'Imam Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) qui a dit : "S'arrêter à l'incertitude est préférable à se précipiter vers la destruction, et le fait de laisser un hadith que tu n'as pas entendu est meilleur que de rapporter un hadith que tu n'as pas compris."
10. Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Hamza ibn al-Tayyar the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) said, ‘In the case of what may come to you and you have no knowledge of its veracity you can do nothing but to hold and verify and refer it to the Imams of guidance so that he would show the way of justice in it and enlighten you in the darkness and introduce to you the truth. Allah, the Most High has said, “Ask those who know about the heavenly Books if you do not know about this.”’’ (16:43)
10 - Muhammad, d'Ahmad, de Ibn Faddal, de Ibn Bukayr, de Hamza ibn At-Tayyar, rapporta qu'il présenta à Abi Abdillah (sur lui la paix) certaines des allocutions de son père. Quand il en fut à un certain point, il lui dit : "Arrête-toi et tais-toi". Puis Abi Abdillah (sur lui la paix) dit : "Il ne vous est pas permis, dans ce qui vous est révélé et que vous ignorez, autre chose que de vous en abstenir, de vous assurer et de vous référer aux guides de la guidance, afin qu'ils vous orientent vers la droiture, éclairent vos ténèbres à ce sujet, et vous fassent connaître la vérité en cela". Allah Très-Haut dit : "Interrogez donc les gens du Rappel si vous ne savez pas".
11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from al-Minqari from Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah who has said the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) who said, ‘I have found all the knowledge of people in four categories: (a) The knowledge that would teach you about your Lord. (b) The knowledge that would teach you what the Lord has done for you. (c) The knowledge that would teach you what the Lord wants from you. (d) The knowledge that would teach you what destroys your religion.’”
11 - Ali ibn Ibrahim a rapporté de son père, de Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad, de Al-Minqari, de Sufyan ibn Uyaynah, qui a dit : J'ai entendu Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) dire : "J'ai trouvé que la connaissance des gens se résume en quatre points : le premier est de connaître ton Seigneur, le deuxième est de connaître ce qu'Il a fait pour toi, le troisième est de connaître ce qu'Il attend de toi, et le quatrième est de connaître ce qui te fait sortir de ta religion."
12. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim who has said the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.) said, ‘People must say only what they know and hold back from what they do not know. If they would do as such they have observed the rights of the Lord upon them.’” This he said in answer to a question from Hisham ibn Salim.
12 - Ali ibn Ibrahim a rapporté de son père, de Ibn Abi Umeyr, de Hisham ibn Salim, qui a dit : J'ai demandé à Abu Abdillah (sur lui la paix) : "Quel est le droit d'Allah sur Sa création ?" Il a répondu : "C'est qu'ils disent ce qu'ils savent et qu'ils se taisent sur ce qu'ils ne savent pas. S'ils agissent ainsi, ils auront alors acquitté leur devoir envers Allah."
13. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Sinan from Muhammad ibn Marwan al-‘Ijli from Ali ibn Hanzala who has said the following. “(Imam) abu ‘Abdallah (a.s.), said, ‘Note the position of the people from the degree of their narration of Hadith from us.’”
13 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, de Sahl ibn Ziyad, de Ibn Sinan, de Muhammad ibn Marwan al-Ijlili, d'Ali ibn Hanzala, a dit : J'ai entendu Abou Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) dire : "Reconnaissez les rangs des gens selon la mesure de leur narration de nous."
14. Al-Husayn ibn al-Hassan has narrated from Muhammad ibn Zakariyya al-Ghalibi from ibn ‘A’isha al-Basri in a marfu‘ manner (rafa’ahu) Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (a.s.) who has said the following. “In certain parts of his sermons he said, ‘O people, know that there is no man of intelligence who would become disappointed for a lie spoken about him. There is no man of wisdom who would become pleased with the praises of ignorant people of him. People are children of what they do best and the value of a man is what he does best. Speak knowledge it will manifest your value.’”
14 - Al-Husayn ibn al-Hasan, de Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Ghalabi, de Ibn A'isha al-Basri, rapporta que l'Imam des croyants (que la paix soit sur lui) dit dans l'une de ses prédications : "Ô gens, sachez qu'il n'est pas sage celui qui se trouble par des paroles mensongères à son sujet, ni avisé celui qui se satisfait des louanges de l'ignorant. Les gens sont les enfants de ce qu'ils font de bien, et la valeur de chaque individu réside dans ses actions. Parlez donc dans la connaissance, afin que vos valeurs soient clarifiées."
15. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abdallah ibn Sulayman who has said the following. ‘(Imam) abu Ja‘far (a.s.) said to a man from Basra called ‘Uthman al-A’ma who would keep saying, “Al-Hassan al-Basri believes that those who hide knowledge the bad odor from their stomach will cause suffering to the people of hell.” The Imam said, “The true believer of the people of Pharaoh is then destroyed. Knowledge from the time of Noah became veiled (s.a). Let Hassan go left and right. I swear by Allah he will not find knowledge in no other place but here with us.”
15 - Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad, de Mu'alla ibn Muhammad, de Al-Washsha', d'Aban ibn Uthman, d'Abdullah ibn Sulayman a dit : J'ai entendu Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) dire, et il y avait avec lui un homme de la tribu de Basra appelé Uthman al-A'ma, qui disait : "Al-Hasan al-Basri prétend que ceux qui cachent la connaissance nuisent à l'odeur de leurs ventres, les habitants de l'Enfer." Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Alors, comment est-il mort le croyant de la famille de Pharaon, alors que la connaissance est restée cachée depuis que Dieu a envoyé Noé (que la paix soit sur lui) ? Que Al-Hasan aille à droite et à gauche, par Dieu, la connaissance ne se trouve que ici."