Évaluation des Actes

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Ibrahim ibn ‘Umar al-Yamani from abu al-Hassan (Ali ibn al-Husayn) (a.s.) who has said the following: “One who does not evaluate his deeds every day is not one of us. One must evaluate his deeds and pray to Allah to increase his good deeds, plead for forgiveness to Allah due to one’s committing evil deeds and turn to Him in repentance.”

a dit : "Celui qui ne se questionne pas lui-même chaque jour n'est pas des nôtres. Car s'il accomplit une bonne action, Allah lui accorde davantage, et s'il commet un acte répréhensible, Allah lui pardonne et il se repent envers Lui."

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar from abu al-Nu’man al-‘Ijli from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “O abu al-Nu’man, do not allow people to deceive you about yourself; the matter will come to you and not to them. Do not spend your day in this and that; with you there is one who preserves your deeds for you. Do good deeds; I do not see anything of better result and remedy for the old sins then new good deeds.’” A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from certain individuals of our people from abu al- Nu’man a similar Hadith.

"Ô Abu al-Nu'man, ne te laisse pas tromper par les gens à propos de toi-même, car l'affaire te parviendra avant qu'elle ne leur parvienne. Ne gaspille pas ta journée avec ceci et cela, car tu as quelqu'un pour veiller sur ton travail. Sois bon, car je n'ai rien vu de plus excellent pour atteindre un objectif ni de plus rapide à rechercher qu'une bonne action qui efface un péché ancien." Un certain nombre de nos compagnons d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid, d'Uthman ibn Isa, de certains de nos compagnons, d'Abu al-Nu'man ont rapporté un hadith similaire."

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from certain individuals of our people from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Exercise patience in worldly matters; it is only an hour. You do not find any pain or happiness in whatever has passed. The hour that has not yet arrived is unknown to you in matters of its contents. The only time is the hour in which you live. Exercise patience in it to obey Allah and exercise patience in such time in the matters of disobedience to Allah.”

"Soyez patients face à ce monde, car il n'est qu'un moment. Ce qui est passé de lui, vous ne trouverez ni douleur ni plaisir, et ce qui n'est pas encore venu, vous ne savez pas ce que c'est. C'est seulement votre moment dans lequel vous êtes, alors soyez patients en obéissance à Allah et soyez patients en vous abstenant de désobéir à Allah."

5. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from certain individuals of our people in a marfu’ manner who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Hold your soul responsible for yourself. If you did not do so others will not do for you.’”

"Porte-toi toi-même pour toi-même, car si tu ne le fais pas, personne d'autre ne le fera pour toi."

6. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) in a marfu’ manner from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following to a man: “You have been made the physician for your own self. Medicine is prescribed for you; signs of good health are shown to you, and the direction for medicine is given to you. It is all up to you how you treat yourself.”

Pour un homme, l'Imam Sadiq (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Tu as été rendu médecin de toi-même, la maladie t'a été expliquée, tu as reconnu le signe de la santé et on t'a montré le remède. Regarde comment tu prends soin de toi-même."

7. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) in a marfu’ manner from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following to a man: “Make your heart a virtuous companion for yourself or like a child who does not fail to maintain good relations with parents. Consider your deeds as your father whom you follow, consider your soul as your enemy against whom you strive and consider your properties as borrowed for the safe return of which you are responsible.”

"Fais de ton cœur un compagnon pieux, un enfant vertueux ou un lien familial, et fais de tes actions un parent que tu suis, et fais de ton âme un ennemi contre lequel tu luttes, et fais de ta richesse une nudité que tu repousses."

8. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) in a marfu’ manner from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Hold back your soul from that which harms it before it departs you, strive to set it free just as you strive to make a living; your soul’s well being depends upon your good deeds.”

Restreins-toi de ce qui peut nuire à ton âme avant qu'elle ne te quitte, et élargis dans sa subsistance comme tu t'efforces à chercher ta subsistance, car ton âme est gage de tes actions.

9. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from certain individuals of his people in a marfu’ manner from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “How many are those who seek worldly gains but can not achieve them and how many are those who had achieved worldly gains but have already departed them! Do not allow your seeking worldly gains prevent you from good deeds. You must request worldly gains from the One Who grants them and is the owner of the same. How many were those who were greedy of the worldly gains that were destroyed and whose preoccupation in them prevented them from seeking the gains of the next life until their lives finished and the appointed time approached them! “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘A prisoner is one whose worldly affairs imprison him so he cannot do anything for his next life.’”

Combien de chercheurs de ce monde ne l'ont pas atteint, et combien l'ont atteint mais l'ont quitté. Que sa recherche ne te détourne pas de ton travail, et cherche-la de celui qui la donne et qui en est le propriétaire. Combien de personnes avides de ce monde ont été détruites par lui, et se sont occupées de ce qu'elles en ont acquis au détriment de leur recherche de l'au-delà, jusqu'à ce que leur vie s'éteigne et que leur terme soit atteint. Abu 'Abdullah (sur lui la paix) a dit: Le prisonnier est celui dont son monde l'a emprisonné de son au-delà.

10. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) in a marfu’ manner from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “When a man reaches the age of forty it is said to him, ‘Beware, you have no excuses!’ In fact, a person at the age of forty is not obliged to exercise caution against sins more than the person at the age of twenty. What is after both of them is the same (that is death) and it is not sleeping. Perform good deeds for what lies ahead of frightening conditions and stop the unnecessary words.’”

Lorsqu'un homme atteint l'âge de quarante ans, il lui est dit : "Prends garde à toi, car tu n'es plus excusé. Celui qui atteint l'âge de quarante ans n'est pas plus digne de prendre garde que celui qui atteint l'âge de vingt ans, car celui que les deux âges concernent est le même, et il ne dort pas. Travaille donc pour ce qui est devant toi des difficultés et laisse de côté les futilités des paroles."

11. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Hassan from Zayd al-Shahham who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Take from your soul for your soul. Take from it in good health before illness, during its strength before weakness and in its lifetime before death.”’

قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) خُذْ لِنَفْسِكَ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ خُذْ مِنْهَا فِي الصِّحَّةِ قَبْلَ السُّقْمِ وَفِي الْقُوَّةِ قَبْلَ الضَّعْفِ وَفِي الْحَيَاةِ قَبْلَ الْمَمَاتِ.

12. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Hisham ibn Salim from certain individuals of his people from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When the day comes it says, ‘O son of Adam do good deeds this day so I may bear witness to it to testify (in your support) before your Lord on the Day of Judgment. I had not come to you before and will not come to you in future.’ When the night comes it speaks likewise.’”

Il a dit : "Certes, lorsque le jour arrive, il dit : Ô fils d'Adam, accomplis des actes de bien en ce jour, je témoignerai en ta faveur auprès de ton Seigneur le Jour de la Résurrection. Car je ne reviendrai pas pour ce qui est passé, ni pour ce qui reste. Et lorsque la nuit arrive, il dit la même chose."

13. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Shu’ayb ibn ‘Abd Allah from certain individuals of his people in a marfu’ manner that has said the following: “Once a man came to Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) and said, ‘O Amir al- Mu’minin, grant me good advice in the aspects of virtue so I may attain salvation.’ Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) said, ‘O seeker of advice, listen carefully, understand, ascertain and practice. You must know that people are of three kinds: restraining themselves from worldly matters, exercising patience and those who are inclined toward worldly gains. “From the hearts of restraining people sadness and happiness have moved out. He does not become happy for any of the worldly things, nor he is grieved over anything of the world that he may have missed, thus, he is comfortable. “The person who exercises patience has hopes to have worldly gains in his heart and when he gains anything he holds his soul back from it due to such gains’ bad consequences and disgrace. Were you to see his heart you would be astonished by its chastity, humility and determination. “To those who are inclined to worldly gains it does not matter wherefrom worldly gains come to them, lawful or unlawful as well as whether it throws filth over their honor or destroys their souls, or takes away their kindness. They are restless in a vortex. ’”

Un homme vint voir l'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) et lui demanda : "Ô Commandeur des croyants, conseillez-moi avec une des caractéristiques de la piété par laquelle je puisse être sauvé." L'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) répondit : "Ô demandeur, écoute, réfléchis, sois convaincu, agis ensuite. Sache que les gens se divisent en trois catégories : celui qui est détaché des plaisirs et des peines de ce monde, ne se réjouissant de rien de ce monde et ne s'affligeant de rien, celui-là est en paix. Quant à celui qui est patient, il désire ardemment les plaisirs de ce monde, mais lorsqu'il les obtient, il se retient d'eux par crainte de leurs conséquences néfastes et de leurs défauts. Si tu regardes dans son cœur, tu seras étonné de sa modestie, de son humilité et de sa détermination. Quant à celui qui est avide, il se moque d'où lui vient le monde, que ce soit licite ou illicite, et il ne se soucie pas de ce qui souille son honneur, détruit son âme et fait disparaître sa dignité. Ils sont plongés dans l'égarement."

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Muhammad ibn Hakim from those whom has mentioned (in his book) from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, ‘What is beneficial on the Day of Judgment is not small (insignificant) and nor what is harmful for one on the Day of Judgment is small (insignificant). About whatever Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has informed, you must be like one who has eye-witnessed them.’”

L'Imam des croyants (que la prière d'Allah et Ses bénédictions soient sur lui et sa famille) a dit : "Rien de ce qui est bénéfique au Jour du Jugement ne sera insignifiant, et rien de ce qui est nuisible au Jour du Jugement ne sera insignifiant. Alors soyez dans ce qu'Allah, le Tout-Puissant et Majestueux, vous a informé comme celui qui voit de ses propres yeux."

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasani have all narrated from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman al-Minqari from Hafs ibn Ghiyath who has said the following: “Once I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘If you can remain unknown, then do so. There will be nothing wrong if people will not praise you. There is nothing wrong for you if people censure you if you are praiseworthy before Allah.’ The Imam said, ‘My father Amir al- Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, “There is nothing good in life except for two kinds of people: a man who every day increases his good deeds and a man who every day remedies a destructive deed with repentance. How can repentance be of any benefit for him? By Allah, if he would perform a Sajdah prostration for such a length of time that his neck severs off of his body still, Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High, will not accept his repentance without his acknowledgement of the Wilayah (Divine Authority) of our Ahl al-Bayt (family of Holy Prophet). You must know that whoever recognizes our rights can have hope for rewards because of us. He agrees, for his survival, to half of a one time meal every day, and with that which provides him covering for his privacy, his or her head, and with it, by Allah, they live in fear and apprehension and love to agree with this much as their share from the world and this is how Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, has described them, ‘. . . who bring what is brought to them and whose hearts are afraid of their return to their Lord.’ (23:60) What do they bring? They, by Allah, will bring along with obedience, love and (acknowledgement of) the guardianship (of Allah and Ahl al-Bayt (family of Holy Prophet) and they still will be afraid. Such fear is not due to doubts, but it is due to their fear of falling short in our love and obedience.’””

Contenu principal du hadith.

16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Ibrahim ibn Mehzam from Hakam ibn Salim who has said the following: “Once a people came to the Imam (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.)) who granted them good advice and then said, ‘If you really affirm the Holy book there is no one among you who have not observed paradise and all that it contains or the fire with all that is in it.’”

`Un groupe de personnes est entré et il les a exhortés, puis il a dit : "Parmi vous, il n'y en a pas un qui n'ait vu le Paradis et ce qu'il contient, et qui n'ait vu l'Enfer et ce qu'il contient, si vous croyez au Livre."`

17. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama’a who has said the following: “I heard abu al-Hassan (a.s.) saying, ‘Do not consider a great deal of good deeds a great deal. Do not consider a little sin little; the little sins accumulate to become a great deal. Have fear of Allah in private so you can yield to justice against yourselves. Hurry up in obedience to Allah, be truthful in your words, keep the trust; it is for you. Do not be involved in what is not lawful to you; it is against you.’”

Ne cherchez pas en abondance le bien et soyez peu nombreux dans les péchés, car les petits péchés se rassemblent jusqu'à devenir nombreux. Craignez Dieu en secret jusqu'à ce que vous vous donniez la moitié de vous-mêmes. Hâtez-vous vers l'obéissance à Dieu, soyez véridiques dans vos paroles, et remplissez vos engagements, car cela est pour vous. Ne vous engagez pas dans ce qui ne vous concerne pas, car cela est contre vous.

18. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying ‘How excellent are good deeds after evil deeds and how disgraceful are evil deeds after good deeds!”’

J'ai entendu dire qu'il a dit : "Rien n'embellit les bonnes actions après les mauvaises actions, et rien ne rend plus laid les bonnes actions après les mauvaises actions."

19. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from ibn Faddal from those whom has mentioned (in his book) from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “You live in a period of time that is continuously reduced and in calculated days. Death comes suddenly. Whoever sows goodness will harvest what is very much sought after. Whoever sows evil will harvest regret. Every farmer finds what he has planted. The sustenance of the slow moving ones among you will not move ahead of him and the greedy will not achieve what is not assigned for him. Whoever does good, Allah grants him good and whoever safeguards against evil, Allah protects him.”

Vous êtes dans des délais limités, des jours comptés et la mort vient soudainement. Celui qui sème le bien récolte la satisfaction, et celui qui sème le mal récolte le regret. Chaque semeur récolte ce qu'il a semé. Le lent parmi vous n'est pas devancé dans sa part, et le désireux n'atteint pas ce qui n'est pas destiné pour lui. Celui à qui le bien est donné, c'est Allah qui lui donne, et celui qui est préservé du mal, c'est Allah qui le protège.

20. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from certain individuals of his people from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn abu ‘Uthman from Wasil from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “A man came to abu Dhar and asked, ‘O abu Dhar, why do we dislike death?’ He said, ‘It is because you have developed the world and destroyed the next life and you dislike moving from developed to that which is mined.’ The man asked, ‘How do you see our moving in the presence of Allah?’ He replied, ‘The people of good deeds among you will be like one coming home from a journey. The evil doers among you, however, will be like a runaway slave returned to his master.’ The man then asked, ‘How do you see our condition before Allah?’ He said, ‘Present your deeds before the book of Allah. Allah has said, ‘‘The virtuous ones will live in bounties and the evil doers will live in fire.” (82:14,15) The man than asked, ‘Where then is the mercy of Allah?’ He replied, ‘The mercy of Allah is very close to the people who do good deeds.’ “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) then said, ‘A man wrote to abu Dhar, may Allah be pleased with him, “O abu Dhar instruct me with a few things of knowledge.” He wrote back to him, ‘Knowledge is of many kinds, however, if you are able not to disappoint those whom you love, then do so. Yes, your soul is the most beloved to you. When you disobey Allah, you are doing bad and disappointing things to your own soul.’”

Un homme est venu voir Abu Dhar et lui a dit : "Ô Abu Dhar, pourquoi avons-nous de l'aversion pour la mort ?" Il lui répondit : "Parce que vous avez embelli le monde et ruiné l'au-delà, alors vous détestez être transférés d'une demeure à l'autre. Comment voyez-vous notre situation devant Dieu ?" Il dit : "Présentez vos actions au Livre, car Dieu dit : Les pieux seront certes dans un bonheur, et les pervers seront certes dans le Feu." L'homme demanda : "Où est la miséricorde de Dieu ?" Abu Abdullah répondit : "La miséricorde de Dieu est proche des bienfaisants." Un homme écrivit à Abu Dhar en lui demandant une part de la connaissance, et Abu Dhar lui répondit : "La connaissance est abondante, mais si tu peux ne pas nuire à ceux que tu aimes, alors fais-le." L'homme demanda : "As-tu vu quelqu'un nuire à ceux qu'il aime ?" Abu Dhar répondit : "Oui, ton âme est la plus chère pour toi, mais si tu désobéis à Dieu, tu lui fais du tort."

21. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama’a from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘Exercise patience in the act of obedience to Allah and dictate yourselves with patience in the matters of disobeying Allah. The world is one hour. What is passed its joys and sadness do not renew. What has not yet arrived, you do not know it. Bear patience in the hour in which you live, your condition will be the one very much sought after.”

Soyez patients dans l'obéissance à Allah et endurez dans la désobéissance à Allah, car ce monde n'est qu'une heure. Ce qui est passé, vous ne trouverez ni joie ni tristesse en cela, et ce qui n'est pas encore venu, vous ne le connaissez pas. Endurez donc dans cette heure dans laquelle vous vous trouvez, comme si vous aviez déjà atteint la victoire.

22. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from a man from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Al-Khidr said to Moses, peace be upon him, ‘O Moses, the best of your two days is the one before you. Consider which one it is. Then prepare the answer for it. You will be stopped for questioning. Learn your lessons from time. Time is long and also (in certain cases) short. Act as if you see the reward for your deeds so it may seem attractive due to its rewards. Anything that comes from the world is like going away from one.’”

...qui a dit : "Al-Khaḍir a dit à Mūsā (sur lui la paix) : 'Ô Mūsā, rectifie tes deux jours qui sont devant toi, regarde quel jour est-ce et prépare la réponse pour lui, car tu seras arrêté et interrogé. Tire ta leçon du temps, car le temps est long pour certains et court pour d'autres. Agis comme si tu voyais la récompense de tes actions, pour que tu aies de l'espoir en l'Au-Delà, car ce qui vient de ce monde est déjà passé.'"

23. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from those whom has mentioned (in his book) from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “It was said to Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) ‘Instinct us briefly with good advice.’ He then said, ‘For the lawful things of the world there is accountability and for the unlawful things of the world there is torment. How can you have comfort without following the traditions of your prophet? You seek what takes you to transgression and you do not agree with what is sufficient for you.’”

Il a été demandé à l'Imam des croyants (sur lui la paix) de nous conseiller et de nous avertir. Il a dit: "Le licite de ce monde est soumis à la responsabilité, et l'illicite est passible de châtiment. Que vous est-il arrivé avec l'âme (le désir) alors que vous avez abandonné la pratique de la Sunna de votre Prophète, cherchant ce qui vous nuira et n'étant pas satisfaits de ce qui vous suffira?"