La Terre dont sont faits les Croyants et les Mécréants

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from al- Nadr ibn Shu’ayb from ‘Abd al-Ghaffar al-Jaziyy from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created the believers from the clay of paradise. He created the unbelievers from the clay of fire. He then said, ‘When Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, decides to grant good to one of His servants. He purifies his spirit and body. Whenever he hears any good thing he recognizes it. Whenever he hears any bad things he dislikes them.’ I (the narrator) then heard him saying, ‘The clays are of three kinds: (a) one is the clay of the prophets from which the believers are also created, except that the prophets are made of the superior kind of clay. The prophets are the roots and the believers are the branches and for this reason they are more excellent than the believers. The believers are created from a stickier kind of clay. Thus Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious will not keep them apart from their followers.’ The Imam than said, ‘The clay of those who insult (‘ A’immah ) are from a black clay that smells foul. The weak ones are made from soil. The believers do not change their faith nor do evil doers (those who insult ‘ A’immah , recipients of divine supreme covenant) do so and Allah has a definite goal behind it.’”

Certes, Allah, Puissant et Majestueux, a créé le croyant à partir de la substance du Paradis et a créé le mécréant à partir de la substance de l'Enfer. Il a dit: "Quand Allah veut du bien à Son serviteur, Il purifie son âme et son corps, de sorte qu'il n'entend rien de bien sans le reconnaître, et n'entend rien de répréhensible sans le réprouver." J'ai entendu dire qu'il a dit: "Les substances sont de trois types: la substance des prophètes et des croyants est de cette substance, à l'exception que les prophètes sont de son élite, ils en sont l'origine et ont leur prééminence, tandis que les croyants en sont une branche d'une argile pure. Ainsi, Allah, Puissant et Majestueux, ne les distingue pas de leurs partisans. Il a dit: "La substance des partisans est faite d'une argile mélangée à de l'eau, tandis que celle des opprimés est faite de terre qui ne peut détourner un croyant de sa foi ni un partisan de son parti. Et la volonté appartient à Allah en ce qui les concerne."

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Salih ibn Sahl who has said that I asked abu Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) the following: “May Allah keep my soul of service to you, from what kind of material has Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created the clay of the believers? He then replied, ‘He has created them with the clay from which the prophets were made. Thus, they never become unclean.’”

De la nature des prophètes, elle ne sera jamais souillée.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya and others have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalaf from abu Nahshal who has said that Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il narrated from abu Hamza al-Thumali who has the following: “I heard abu la’ far (a.s.) saying, ‘Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, created us from the top most of paradise. He made the hearts of our followers from that which He had created us. He created their bodies from that which is below, thus, their hearts incline to us; they are made from what He had made us.’ He then recited this verse of the Holy Quran. ‘However, the records of the deeds of the virtuous ones will certainly be in llliyin (83:18). Would that you had known what llliyin is! (19). It is a comprehensively written Book (of records) (20). The ones nearest to Allah will bring it to the public (83:21).’ He then said, ‘Allah has created our enemies from Sijjin (the fire) and He has created the hearts of their followers from what He had created them. He created the bodies of their followers (followers of our enemies) from other matters. Thus, their hearts (the hearts of the followers of our enemies) incline to them (to our enemies) because they are created from what they (our enemies) are created.’ Then he recited this verse of the Holy Quran: ‘Let them know that the records of the sinners’ deeds are in Sijin (83:7). Would that you had known what Sijin is! (8). It is a comprehensively written Book (of records) (9). Woe, on that day, to those who have rejected Allah’s revelations (10) and those who have rejected the Day of Judgment (83:11).’”

Contenu principal du hadith : Allah a créé les croyants des plus élevés des élevés et leurs cœurs sont en harmonie avec Lui. En revanche, Il a créé les mécréants différemment, avec des cœurs tournés vers autre chose. Les cœurs des croyants sont attirés vers Allah car ils sont créés à partir de la même substance. Les cœurs des mécréants sont attirés vers autre chose car ils sont créés différemment. Ce hadith souligne la distinction entre les croyants et les mécréants, et met en avant l'importance des cœurs dans la relation avec Allah.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad, who has narrated from more than one person from al-Husayn ibn al-Hassan. All of the above have narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Uwarma from Muhammad ibn Ali from ‘Isma’il ibn Yasar from ‘Uthman ibn Yusuf who has said that, reported to him ‘Abd Allah ibn Kaysan, from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Once I said to the Imam, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, I am your servant, abu ‘Abd Allah ibn Kaysan.’ The Imam said, ‘I know your genealogy. However, I do not know you (so well).’ I said, ‘I was born in the mountains and grew up in the land of Persia. I associate with people in business and other occasions. I, thus, associate with a man and find his appearance very good, to be of good manners and more trustworthy. When I investigate, I find him to be one of your enemies. I also associate with another man who has bad manners, is less trustworthy and hot tempered. I then investigate and find him to be of your supporters and followers. Why is it so?’ “He (the Imam) said, ‘O ibn Kaysan, Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, took a clay from paradise and also from fire and then mixed them together. Then He separated this from that and that from this. The good appearances, good manners and trustworthiness that you find in them (our enemies) is because of the touch of the clay from paradise but they will return to that from which they are made. The deceitfulness, bad manners and hot-temperament that you find in them (our supporters and followers) is because of the touch of the clay from fire, however, they will return to that from which they were made.’”

Abdullah ibn Kayssan a rapporté de l'Imam Sadiq (que la paix soit sur lui) qu'il a dit : "J'ai dit : 'Je me sacrifie pour toi, je suis ton esclave Abdullah ibn Kayssan.' Il a répondu : 'Quant à la parenté, je la connais, mais toi, je ne te connais pas.' J'ai dit : 'Je suis né dans la montagne et j'ai grandi en terre persane, je fréquente les gens dans les affaires commerciales et autres. Je fréquente un homme et je vois en lui de bonnes manières, une bonne moralité et une grande fiabilité. Ensuite, je le teste et je découvre qu'il est loin de votre hostilité. Je fréquente un autre homme et je vois en lui de mauvaises manières, peu de fiabilité et de la tromperie. Ensuite, je le teste et je découvre qu'il n'est pas de vos partisans. Comment cela peut-il être ?' Il m'a répondu : 'Ne sais-tu pas, ô fils de Kayssan, qu'Allah a pris de l'argile du Paradis et de l'argile de l'Enfer, les a mélangées ensemble, puis a retiré celle-ci de celle-là et celle-là de celle-ci ? Ce que tu vois de ces gens en termes de fiabilité, de bonnes manières et de belle apparence est ce qui a été touché par l'argile du Paradis, et ils retourneront à ce qui les a formés. Et ce que tu vois de ces gens en termes de manque de fiabilité, de mauvaises manières et de tromperie est ce qui a été touché par l'argile de l'Enfer, et ils retourneront à ce qui les a formés.'

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Khalid from Salih ibn Sahl who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Are the believers made from the clay from which the prophets were made?’ He said, ‘Yes, that is correct.’”

Les croyants sont de la même nature que les prophètes.

7. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Salih ibn abu Hammad from al-Husayn ibn Yazid from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn abu Hamza from Ibrahim from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, willed to create Adam He sent Jibril in the first hours of the Friday. He picked up with his right hand a handful. His hand had in its reach from the seventh heavens to the heaven above earth. From each of the heavens he picked up a handful. He also picked up another handful from the seventh earth of the above-most and to the farthest seventh earth. Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, then commanded His word to hold the first handful in his right and the other in his left. The clay then was cleaved into two. It was scattered from earth and from the heavens and then said to the clay in his right hand, ‘From you will be the messengers, the prophets, their successors, the truthful ones, the believers, those who will achieve salvation and those whom I will to have honors.’ It then became necessary for them to be as He said them to be. He then said to that which was on his left, ‘From you will be the tyrants, the polytheists, the unbelievers, the devils and those whom I will to humiliate and be of the wicked ones.’ It then became necessary for them to become what He said them to become. Thereafter the two clays mixed together as Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, has said, ‘Allah makes the seed and the nuts to cleave apart.’ (6:95) The seed is the clay of the believers upon which Allah has placed His love. The nuts are the clay of the unbelievers that are far from all good. It is called nuts (al- Nawa’) because it is far away from all good and from Him. Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, has said, ‘He (Allah) brings forth the living from the dead and the dead from the living.’ (6:95) The living are the believers who come out from the unbelievers and the dead who come out of the living are the unbelievers who are from the believers. The living are the believers and the dead are the unbelievers. This is because of the words of Allah, ‘Are those whom We brought to life after their being dead . . .’ (6:122) Their death was the mixing of their clay with the clay of the unbelievers and his coming to life was when Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, caused separation between them through His word. In this way Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, takes the believers at birth out to light from darkness after their entering therein and He takes the unbelievers out of the light to darkness after their entering into the light as it is said in the words of Allah, the Majestic the Glorious, ‘So that he can give warning to those who are of the living and the word about the unbelievers truly come to pass.’” (36:70)

Certes, lorsque Allah le Très-Haut a voulu créer Adam (sur lui la paix), Il envoya l'Ange Gabriel (sur lui la paix) dans la première heure du vendredi. Il prit de Sa main droite une poignée dont la portée s'étendit de la septième ciel jusqu'à la terre, et prit de chaque ciel une poignée de terre. Il prit ensuite une autre poignée de la terre supérieure et une autre de la terre inférieure. Allah ordonna à Sa parole, puis Il tint la première poignée de Sa main droite et la seconde de Sa main gauche, et Il fendit la terre en deux parties. Il laissa une partie de terre sur la terre et une autre dans les cieux. Il dit à celui qui était à Sa droite : "De toi seront les prophètes, les messagers, les successeurs, les véridiques, les croyants, les bienheureux, et quiconque désire leur honneur, il leur sera accordé ce qu'Il a dit comme Il l'a dit." Et Il dit à celui qui était à Sa gauche : "De toi seront les oppresseurs, les associateurs, les mécréants, les tyrans, et quiconque désire leur humiliation et leur misère, il leur sera accordé ce qu'Il a dit comme Il l'a dit. Puis les deux terres furent mélangées ensemble, et c'est la parole d'Allah le Très-Haut : "Certes, Allah est le Créateur des grains et des noyaux." Le grain est la terre des croyants sur laquelle Allah a jeté Son amour, et le noyau est la terre des mécréants qui se détournent de tout bien. Le noyau est ainsi nommé car il se détourne de tout bien et s'en éloigne. Et Allah dit : "Il fait sortir le vivant du mort et fait sortir le mort du vivant." Ainsi, le vivant croyant dont la terre est issue de la terre du mécréant, et le mort qui sort du vivant est le mécréant dont la terre est issue de la terre du croyant. Le vivant est le croyant et le mort est le mécréant. Et c'est Sa parole le Très-Haut : "Et quiconque était mort, Nous l'avons fait revivre, et Nous lui avons assigné une lumière grâce à laquelle il marche parmi les gens, à la manière de celui qui est dans les ténèbres sans en sortir." Ainsi Allah fait sortir le croyant des ténèbres après y être entré, vers la lumière, et fait sortir le mécréant de la lumière vers les ténèbres après y être entré. C'est Sa parole le Très-Haut : "Afin qu'il avertisse quiconque est vivant, et que la parole se réalise contre les mécréants."