Patience

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasani all from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Asbahani from Sulayman ibn Dawud al- Minqari from Hafs ibn Ghiyath who has said the following: “Once Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) said, ‘O Hafs, whoever exercises patience does so only for a short time, and whoever expresses impatience, he does so only for a short time.’ “The Imam then said, ‘You must exercise patience in all of your affairs. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, sent Muhammad (a.s.) and commanded him to exercise patience and kindness and said, “Bear patiently whatever they say, do not yield to them and distance them gracefully (73:10). Leave the prosperous disbelievers to Me. . . .” (73:11) ‘Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has also said, “Virtue and evil are not equal. If you respond (to evil acts) by virtuous ones, you will certainly find that your enemies will become your intimate friends (41:34). Only those who exercise patience and who have been granted a great share of Allah’s favor can find such an opportunity.” (41:35) The Messenger of Allah exercised patience in suffering and hardships even when they (pagans) attacked him with bones (of large animals). He became very depressed, and Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, revealed to him, “We certainly know that you feel sad about what they say against you (15:97). Glorify and praise your Lord and be with those who prostrate themselves before Allah.” (15:98) They (pagans) rejected his message and caused him physical suffering so he became depressed. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, sent him these words, “We certainly know that you (Muhammad) are sad about what they (the unbelievers) say. It is not you (alone) who has been accused of lying. The unjust have always rejected Allah’s revelations. (6:33) The Messengers who lived before you were also accused of lying, but they exercised patience. They were cruelly persecuted before We gave them victory. . . .” (6:34) The Holy Prophet held to patience firmly and they (pagans) spoke of Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High, and called His words as lies. The Messenger of Allah said, “I remained patient about myself, my family and my honor, but I cannot remain quiet when they speak ill of my Lord.” Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, revealed to him these words, “We created the heavens, the earth and all that is between them in six days without experiencing any fatigue (50:38). (Muhammad), exercise patience against what they say. . . .” (50:39) The Holy Prophet thereafter exercised patience in all matters and then he was given the good news of Imamat (Divine Authority) given to his descendents who were described as (people) exercising patience. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “We appointed from them as A ’immah (leaders) for their exercising patience to guide the others to Our commands. They had firm belief in Our revelations.” (32:24) ‘Thereupon the Messenger of Allah said, “Patience is to belief as is the head to the body.” Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, appreciated this and He, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, revealed these words: “Thus, the promises of your Lord to the children of Israel all came true because of the patience which they exercised. He destroyed all the establishments of the Pharaoh and his people.” (7:137) The Messenger of Allah said, “This is good news and compensation.” Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, then made it lawful for him to fight the pagans. Allah then revealed these words, “Slay the pagans wherever you find them. Capture, besiege and watch out for them. If they repent, perform prayers and pay the religious tax, set them free. Allah is Allforgiving and All-Merciful.” (9:5). “Then slay them for it is the recompense that the disbelievers deserve.” (2:191) ‘Allah caused them to be killed by the (forces) of the Messenger of Allah and his friends, and made it a reward for his exercising patience in addition to the rewards reserved for him in the next life. Whoever exercises patience nobly will not leave this world before Allah grants him delight to his heart in the matters of his enemies, in addition to the reward that is reserved for him in the next life.’”

Le contenu principal du hadith met en avant l'importance de la patience dans toutes les situations, en se référant à l'exemple du Prophète Muhammad (que la paix soit sur lui) et de ses compagnons. Il souligne que la patience est une composante essentielle de la foi, et que ceux qui endurent seront récompensés par Allah, que ce soit dans ce monde ou dans l'au-delà. Le hadith encourage également à répondre au mal par le bien, à s'éloigner des querelles inutiles et à persévérer dans l'adoration malgré les

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from abu Muhammad ‘Abd Allah al-Sarraj who has narrated in a marfu’ manner from Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) has said, ‘Patience is to belief as the head is to the body. One who does not have patience has no belief.’”

La patience est au même niveau que la tête par rapport au corps, et il n'y a pas de foi pour celui qui n'a pas de patience.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Rib’i ibn ‘Abdillah from Fudayl ibn Yasar from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who said: “Patience holds the same position in faith as the head does in the body. When the head is lost, the body perishes. Similarly, when patience is lost, faith perishes.”

a dit : "La patience est au même niveau que la tête par rapport au corps. Si la tête disparaît, le corps disparaît aussi. De même, si la patience disparaît, la foi disparaît."

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘A free person is free in all conditions. Even if hardships strike him he exercises patience, if afflictions batter him he does not break down even if he is taken as a captive and is overpowered and his comfort and prosperity are changed into poverty and hardships, just as in the case of Yusuf (Joseph) the truthful and trustworthy one (may Allah grant him blessings), whose freedom remained unaffected even though he was enslaved, taken as a captive and overpowered. The darkness and loneliness of the well did not harm him, nor did all that he went through until Allah granted him favors. He made the insolent tyrant into a slave for him after his being his king. He set him free and made a whole nation to be kind to him. This is how patience yields goodness. You must exercise patience and settle your soul upon patience and you will, certainly, be rewarded.’”

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd Allah ibn Bukayr from Hamza ibn Humran from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘Paradise is kept behind layers of hardship and patience. Whoever exercises patience in hardship in the worldly life will go to paradise. Hell is placed behind enjoyments and desires. Whoever allows his soul to indulge in enjoyment and desires will go to hell.’”

Le Paradis est entouré de choses détestables et de patience. Celui qui endure les choses détestables dans ce monde entrera au Paradis. Et l'Enfer est entouré de plaisirs et de passions. Celui qui se laisse emporter par ses plaisirs et ses passions entrera en Enfer.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Marhum from abu Sayyar from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When a believer is placed in his grave, prayer will be on his right al-Zakat (charity) on his left, and virtuous deeds will provide cover from above and patience will stay aside. When the two angels come to interrogate him, patience will say to the prayer, al-Zakat (charity) and virtuous deeds, ‘Help your friend. Were you to become helpless then I will take over.’”

Lorsque le croyant entre dans sa tombe, la prière se tient à sa droite, l'aumône à sa gauche, la bienfaisance s'étend devant lui, et la patience se retire sur le côté. Puis, les deux anges qui l'interrogent viennent à lui. La patience dit à la prière, à l'aumône et à la bienfaisance : "Laissez-moi passer devant vous, car votre compagnon est en dessous de moi. Si vous ne pouvez pas le faire, alors je le ferai."

9. Ali has narrated from his father from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ‘Abd Allah ibn Maymun from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Once Amir al-Mu’minin (Ali ibn abu Talib) (a.s.) entered the Mosque and at the door of the Mosque he met a man who was depressed and sad. Amir al- Mu’minin (Ali ibn abu Talib) (a.s.) asked him ‘What has happened to you?’ He said, ‘It is due to the death of my father, mother and brother. O Amir al- Mu’minin, I am afraid my gall bladder may have ruptured.’ Amir al-Mu’minin (Ali ibn abu Talib) (a.s.) said, ‘You must be pious before Allah and exercise patience. Tomorrow (on the Day of Judgment) you will proceed to Him. Patience in the issues (in life) is like a head to a body. If the head departs the body is destroyed, likewise, in the issues (of life), if patience departs the issues, all affairs (of life) are destroyed.”’

L'Imam des croyants (sur lui le salut) entra dans la mosquée et vit un homme à la porte de la mosquée, triste et affligé. L'Imam des croyants (sur lui le salut) lui demanda ce qui n'allait pas. L'homme répondit: "Ô Imam des croyants, j'ai perdu mon père [et ma mère] et mon frère, et j'ai peur d'avoir commis des péchés." L'Imam des croyants (sur lui le salut) lui conseilla de craindre Dieu et d'être patient, de se présenter devant Lui le lendemain, et lui expliqua que la patience dans les affaires est comme la tête par rapport au corps. Si la tête se sépare du corps, le corps se corrompt, de même si la patience se sépare des affaires, les affaires se corrompent."

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sama’a ibn Mehran who has said the following: “Once abu al-Hassan (a.s.) said to me, ‘What is holding you back from performing Hajj?’ I said, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, I am indebted a great deal and my properties are gone. It is my debt that is holding me down and is worse than the loss of my properties. If someone from our people does not help me out I will not be able to do it myself.’ The Imam said, ‘If you exercise patience you will be envied, otherwise Allah will execute his measures whether you agree or not.’”

Il m'a dit: "Qu'est-ce qui t'a retenu de faire le pèlerinage?" J'ai dit: "Je te sacrifie, j'ai une dette importante qui m'est due, et mon argent et ma dette qui me sont dus, qui m'ont accablé, sont plus importants que la perte de mon argent. Si un homme parmi nos compagnons ne m'avait pas sorti, je n'aurais pas pu sortir." Il m'a dit: "Si tu es patient, tu seras récompensé, sinon, si tu n'es pas patient, Allah accomplira Ses décrets, satisfait ou mécontent, que tu le veuilles ou non."

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Sinan form Abu al-Jarud from al-Asbagh who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin (Ali ibn Abu Talib) (a.s.) has said, ‘There are two kinds of patience: to exercise patience in hardship which is good and graceful, yet better than this is to exercise patience against the temptation of committing what Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has prohibited one from doing. There are two ways of speaking of Allah: to speak of Allah the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, in suffering hardship, yet better than this is speaking of Allah (remembering Him) when facing temptation to commit what Allah has prohibited one from doing and one’s patience serves as a barrier.’”

Il y a deux types de patience en cas d'épreuve : une patience bonne et belle, et la meilleure des patiences est celle face à ce que Dieu vous a interdit. Et le rappel de Dieu est de deux sortes en cas d'épreuve : le rappel de Dieu est excellent en cas d'épreuve, et le meilleur rappel de Dieu est celui face à ce qu'Il vous a interdit, car il devient un rempart.

12. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-kufl from al-‘ Abbas ibn ‘Amir from al-‘Arzami from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘A time will come upon people when kingdom can be achieved only by committing murders and tyranny. Wealth can only be achieved through usurpation and stinginess. Love and harmony can be established only by exclusion of religion and by following desires. Those living at such a time must exercise patience in poverty despite the accessability of wealth to them, be patient against the hatred of people toward them even though they can establish love and harmony. They must exercise patience in humiliation even though they can rise with respectable (position). To each one of such persons Allah will grant a reward equal to the reward for fifty truthful people of those who have acknowledged my message.’”

Il viendra sur les gens un temps où le pouvoir ne sera atteint que par le meurtre et l'arrogance, où la richesse ne sera obtenue que par la violence et l'avarice, et où l'amour ne sera réalisé que par l'extorsion de la religion et la poursuite des désirs. Celui qui atteint ce temps et endure la pauvreté tout en étant capable de la richesse, supporte la haine tout en étant capable d'aimer, endure l'humiliation tout en étant capable de l'honneur, Allah lui accordera la récompense de cinquante véridiques parmi ceux qui ont confirmé ma véracité.

13. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah from Isma’il ibn Mehran from Durust ibn abu Mansur from ‘Isa ibn Bashir from abu Hamza who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘When my father Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) was about to leave this world he held me against his chest and said, “My son, I recommend you with the same recommendation with which he (my father) advised me at the time that he was about to leave this world and with the recommendation that his father had made to him, O my son, hold to the truth with patience even if it is very bitter.”’”

"Quand mon père Ali ibn al-Hussein (que la paix soit sur eux) sentit approcher sa fin, il m'attira vers lui, me pressa contre son cœur et dit: 'Ô mon fils, je te recommande ce que mon père m'a recommandé lors de sa propre fin.' Il m'a dit: 'Ô mon fils, sois patient dans la vérité, même si c'est difficile.'"

14. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from his father from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman who has narrated it in a marfu’ manner from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘Patience is of two kinds: to exercise patience in hardship, which is good and graceful, yet, the best of patience is that which is exercised to stop one from committing what Allah has prohibited.”’

"La patience est de deux sortes : la patience face aux épreuves est belle et agréable, et la meilleure des deux formes de patience est l'abstention des interdits."

15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa who has said that reported to me Yahya ibn Salim al-Ta’ifi who has said that informed me ‘Amr ibn Shamir al-Yamani in a marfu ’ manner from Amir al- Mu’minin (Ali ibn abu Talib) (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Patience is of three kinds: patience at the time of suffering hardship, patience in performing acts of obedience (worship) and patience to stop one from committing what Allah has prohibited. For one who exercises patience at the time of suffering hardship until one passes it by with grace and goodness Allah writes down three hundred degrees. Each is distant from the other as the sky and the earth. Whoever exercises patience in performing the acts of obeying (worshipping) Allah writes for him six hundred degrees. Each is apart from the other as the core of the earth to the Throne. Whoever exercises such patience that stops one from committing what Allah has prohibited, Allah writes for him nine hundred degrees. Each is apart from the other as is the core of the earth to the end of the Throne.’”

"La patience est de trois sortes: la patience face à l'adversité, la patience dans l'obéissance et la patience face au péché. Celui qui endure l'adversité jusqu'à ce qu'il la repousse avec un bon réconfort, Allah lui inscrira trois cents degrés entre chaque degré, comme entre le ciel et la terre. Et celui qui endure dans l'obéissance, Allah lui inscrira six cents degrés entre chaque degré, comme entre les limites de la terre et le Trône. Et celui qui endure face au péché, Allah lui inscrira neuf cents degrés entre chaque degré, comme entre les limites de la terre et l'extrémité du Trône."

16. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Yunus ibn Ya’qub who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) ordered me to meet al-Muffadal and offer him condolences for Isma’il (son of the Imam), ‘Convey my greetings of peace to him and tell him that we have suffered the death of Isma’il but have exercised patience. You must also exercise patience as we have done. We wanted one thing but Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, decided that another thing happen, and we are submissive to the command of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy.’”

D'après lui, d'après 'Ali ibn al-Hakam, de la part de Yunus ibn Ya'qub, qui a dit : Abu 'Abdillah (sur lui la paix) m'a ordonné d'aller voir al-Mufadhal et de le réconforter avec Isma'il. Il a dit : "Transmets le salut à al-Mufadhal et dis-lui : Nous avons été touchés par Isma'il et nous avons enduré, alors endure comme nous avons enduré. Nous avons voulu une chose et Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, a voulu une autre chose, donc nous nous sommes soumis à l'ordre d'Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux."

17. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from abu Hamza al-Thumali who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Whoever among the believers exercises patience at the time of suffering hardship he will have a reward equal to the reward of a thousand martyrs.’”

Celui parmi les croyants qui est éprouvé par une épreuve et qui endure patiemment, aura une récompense équivalente à celle de mille martyrs.

18. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ‘Ammar ibn Marwan ibn Sama’a from abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, granted a favor to a people but they did not appreciate it and that favor turned against them in the form of a burden. He tried another nation with hardships and sufferings but these people exercised patience and the trouble turned into bounties for them.”’

Certes, Allah, le Très Haut, a comblé de bienfaits un peuple qui n'a pas montré de reconnaissance, et cela s'est transformé en calamités pour eux. Il a éprouvé un autre peuple avec des épreuves, et ils ont fait preuve de patience, ce qui s'est transformé en une grâce pour eux.

19. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma’il from Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from Aban ibn abu Musafir from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘Believers, have patience, help each other with patience. . . .,’ (3:200) the Imam has said, ‘It means to exercise patience in suffering hardship.’” In the narration of ibn abu Ya’fur from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) it says, “Exercise patience in suffering afflictions.”

a dit : "Ô vous qui avez cru, endurez et soyez endurants", il a dit : "Endurez face aux épreuves." Et dans une autre narration d'Ibn Abi Ya'fur, de Abi Abdullah (sur lui la paix) a dit : "Soyez patients face aux épreuves."

20. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn Muhammad ibn abu Jamilah from his grad father abu Jamilah from certain individuals of his people from who have said: “The Imam said, ‘Had patience not been created before misfortune, it would have torn the believer into pieces like an egg hit against a rock.’”

"Si la patience n'avait pas été créée avant l'épreuve, le croyant aurait été brisé comme l'œuf se brise sur une surface dure."

21. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar and ‘Abd ibn Sinan from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘I have made the world a borrowing (place) for My servants. Whoever gives Me a loan I will return it ten times over up to seven hundred times over, and more if I so wish. Those who do not lend Me a loan I will take something forcibly from them. If they then exercise patience I will give three such rewards of which if I gave only one to My angels they would all become happy with Me.’ The narrator has said that Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) recited the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy: ‘. . . those who when suffering hardship say, “We are the servants of Allah and to Him we shall all return,” (2:156) it is they who will receive blessing, [one of the three rewards], and mercy from Allah, [the second of the three rewards], and who have recieved the right guidance (2:157) [the third of the three rewards]. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) then said, ‘This is when Allah takes something from one forcibly.’”

[Le contenu principal du hadith a été traduit ci-dessus dans la partie isnad.]

22. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasani fro al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Sulayman ibn Dawud form Yahya ibn Adam from Sharik from Jabir ibn Yazid from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘The courage to exercise patience in times of need and poverty with chastity and self-sufficiency is more than the courage needed to give charity.’”

"La patience dans les moments de besoin, de pauvreté, de chasteté et de richesse est plus méritoire que la générosité."

23. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Ahmad ibn al-Nadr from ‘Amr ibn Shamir from Jabir who has said the following: “Once I said to abu Ja’far (a.s.) ‘May Allah grant you favors, what is graceful patience?’ The Imam said, ‘That is the patience in which there is no complaint before the people.’”

C'est une patience qui n'implique aucune plainte envers les gens.

24. Hamid ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama’a from certain individuals of his people from Aban from ‘ Abd al-Rahman ibn Seyabah from abu al-Nu’man from abu ‘Abd Allah or abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘One who does not prepare himself in patience to face the hardships of life, will remain helpless.’”

Celui qui ne fait pas preuve de patience face aux épreuves de la vie sera impuissant.

25. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from certain individuals of his people from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘We are strong to exercise patience, and our (Shi’a) followers are stronger than we are.’ I then said, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service for your cause, how have your followers become stronger than you are?’ The Imam said, ‘It is because we exercise patience in the matters that we already know, but our (Shi’a) followers exercise patience in matters of the reality of which they have no knowledge.’”

"Nous, les Ahl-ul-Bayt, sommes patients, et nos partisans sont plus patients que nous. J'ai demandé: 'Puissé-je être sacrifié pour vous! Comment se fait-il que vos partisans soient plus patients que vous?' Il a répondu: 'Parce que nous sommes patients face à ce que nous savons, tandis que nos partisans sont patients face à ce qu'ils ne savent pas'."