2156
Chapitre
Those Whose Association and Friendship Is Undesirable
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1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Amr Aban ibn ‘Uthman ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn Salim al-Kindy from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) were to take his place on the pulpit he would say, ‘A Muslim, must avoid friendship with three kinds of people: A bold-faced indecent, an idiot and a liar. A bold-faced- indecent person attempts to make his acts seem attractive to you and loves that you behave like he does. Fie does not assist you in your religious matters and the matters of the hereafter. Closeness to him is injustice, hardheartedness, and his coming and going is disgrace for you. ‘An idiotic person does not indicate anything good for you, nor is there any hope in him to remove any bit of evil from you even if he may try his best. Perhaps he may want to benefit you, instead he only harms you. His death is better than his living, his silence is better than his speaking, and his being at a distance is better than his being nearby. ‘The liar is one with whom you can never have a happy life. Fie carries your words out and others’ words in to you. Whenever he may run out of words he then mixes them with others so much so that even when speaking the truth is not believed and he causes differences among people with animosity to sow envy in the hearts. You must be pious before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Floly, and look after your own souls.’”
IsnādUne chaîne de transmission rapportée de nos compagnons, de Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid, d'Amr ibn Othman, de Muhammad ibn Salim al-Kindi, de celui qui lui a rapporté de l'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui).
L'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Il convient au musulman d'éviter de fréquenter trois types de personnes : le menteur dépravé, l'insensé et le menteur. Quant au menteur dépravé, il embellit ses actes devant toi, aime que tu lui ressembles, ne t'aide pas dans les affaires de ta religion, te traite avec rudesse et dureté, et sa compagnie est une honte pour toi. Quant à l'insensé, il ne te guide pas vers le bien, et il ne peut pas t'éloigner du mal, même s'il fait des efforts. Parfois, celui qui cherche ton bien te cause du tort, et sa mort est meilleure que sa vie, son silence est meilleur que ses paroles, son éloignement est meilleur que sa proximité. Quant au menteur, il ne te laisse pas vivre en paix, il transmet tes paroles et rapporte des paroles à ton sujet, remplaçant une parole par une autre, jusqu'à ce qu'il raconte la vérité, mais personne ne le croit. Il sème la discorde parmi les gens, cultivant la haine dans les cœurs. Craignez Allah et examinez vos propres actions."
2. In the Hadith of ‘Abd al-‘Ala’ from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) it is said that Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) said: “It is not proper for a Muslim man to become a friend of an indecent person; he tries to make his deeds seem attractive to him and loves that one to behave like him (indecent). He does not assist him in his religious matters or the matters of the hereafter. The coming and going of an indecent person is a disgrace to one.”
IsnādAbd al-A'la rapporte d'après Abi 'Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) qu'Amir al-Mu'minin (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit:
Il n'est pas convenable pour un musulman de fréquenter un dépravé, car il embellit ses actions à ses yeux et aime lui ressembler, sans lui apporter d'aide que ce soit dans les affaires de ce monde ou de l'au-delà. Son entrée chez lui et sa sortie de chez lui sont mauvaises pour lui.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Yusuf from Maysir from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “It is not proper for a Muslim man to become friends with an indecent, an idiot and a liar.”
IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Ahmad ibn Muhammad, d'Uthman ibn Isa, de Muhammad ibn Yusuf, de Muayyisir, de Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) qui a dit :
Il n'est pas convenable pour un musulman de fréquenter le pervers, l'insensé ou le menteur.
4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Asbat from certain individuals of his people from Abu al-Hassan (a.s.) who has said the following: “Jesus, son of Mary has said, ‘An evil companion commits injustice and an evil friend brings destruction. Consider who to become friends with.’”
IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Sahl ibn Ziyad, de Ali ibn Asbat, de certains de ses compagnons, de Abi al-Hasan (que la paix soit sur lui) qui a dit:
Jésus, fils de Marie (que la paix soit sur eux), a dit : "Celui qui fréquente un malfaiteur risque d'être corrompu, et celui qui fréquente une mauvaise compagnie risque d'être égaré. Choisis donc bien avec qui tu te lies."
5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ‘Ammar ibn Musa who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) once said to me, ‘O ‘Ammar, if you like bounties bring you delight, kindness becomes complete, and the affairs of life well- organized you then should not associate with the slaves and the lowly persons. If you trust them, they betray you, if they speak, they lie to you. If you may suffer a misfortune, they leave you out. If they promise you, they disregard it.’”
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, Muhammad ibn Sinan, Ammar ibn Musa a dit: Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) a dit:
"Ô Ammar, si tu veux que la grâce t'accompagne, que ton honneur soit préservé et que ta subsistance soit assurée, ne fais pas participer les esclaves et les gens de basse condition à tes affaires, car s'ils te font confiance, ils te trahiront, s'ils te parlent, ils mentiront, s'ils te promettent, ils ne tiendront pas leur promesse."
6. He has also said, ‘I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying: “The virtuous ones’ love of other virtuous ones is a rewarding deed for them. Indecent ones loving the virtuous ones is a credit for the virtuous ones. Indecent ones’ hating the virtuous ones beautifies the virtuous ones. Virtuous one’s hating the indecent ones is a loss to the indecent ones.”
IsnādJ'ai entendu Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) dire:
L'amour des pieux envers les pieux est une récompense pour les pieux, l'amour des impies envers les pieux est une vertu pour les pieux, la haine des impies envers les pieux est une parure pour les pieux, et la haine des pieux envers les impies est une humiliation pour les impies.
7. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn ‘Adhafir from certain individuals of their people from Muhammad ibn Muslim and abu Hamza from abu ‘Abd Allah and his father (a.s.) who has said the following: “My father, Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) once said to me, ‘My son, look for five kinds of people. Do not befriend them, speak to or accompany them on a road.’ 1 then asked, ‘O father, who are they? Define them for me.’ He said, ‘Never befriend a liar; he is like a mirage. He shows what is far very near and what is near, in fact, very far. Never befriend a sinful person; he may sell you for a meal or even less. Never befriend a stingy person; he betrays you in the matter of his property at a time when you need help urgently. Never befriend an idiotic person; he may intend to benefit you, instead he causes you injuries. Never befriend one who has failed to maintain good relations with relatives; I have found him condemned in the book of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, in three places. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said: “If you ignore the commands of Allah, would you then also spread evil in the land and sever the ties of kinship? (47:22) Allah has condemned these people and made them deaf, dumb, and blind.” (47:23) ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “Those who disregard their covenant with Allah after He has taken such a pledge from them, who sever the proper relations that Allah has commanded them to establish, and those who spread evil in the land will have Allah’s condemnation instead of reward and will face the most terrible end.” (13:25) ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, “. . . who break their established covenant with Him and the relations He has commanded to be kept and who spread evil in the land. These are the ones who lose a great deal.”’” (2:27)
IsnādChaîne de transmission
Mon père, Ali ibn al-Husayn, que la paix soit sur eux, m'a dit : "Ô mon fils, méfie-toi de cinq choses : ne les fréquente pas, ne leur parle pas, ne les accompagne pas sur le chemin." J'ai demandé : "Ô mon père, qui sont-ils ? Informe-moi à leur sujet." Il a répondu : "Méfie-toi de la compagnie du menteur, car il est comme un mirage, rapprochant l'éloigné et éloignant le proche. Méfie-toi de la compagnie du pervers, car il te vendra pour un repas ou moins que cela. Méfie-toi de la compagnie de l'avare, car il te trahira dans ses biens plus que quiconque. Méfie-toi de la compagnie du sot, car il veut te bénéficier mais te nuira. Méfie-toi de celui qui coupe les liens familiaux, car je l'ai trouvé maudit dans le Livre d'Allah, à trois endroits." Allah dit : "Pensez-vous que si vous vous détournez, vous semerez la corruption sur terre et romprez vos liens de parenté ? Ceux-là sont ceux qu'Allah a maudits, rendus sourds et aveugles." Et Il dit : "Ceux qui rompent le pacte d'Allah après l'avoir confirmé, coupent ce qu'Allah a ordonné d'unir, et sèment la corruption sur terre, ceux-là sont les perdants." (Coran, Sourate Al-Baqara, versets 27-29)
8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Musa ibn al-Qasim who has said the following: “I heard al-Muharibi narrate from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) from his ancestors (a.s.) who has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah has said, “Association with three kinds of people deadens the heart (reason): association with the lowly, speaking to women and sitting with the wealthy.”’”
IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Musa ibn al-Qasim, qui a dit : J'ai entendu al-Muharibiy rapporter de Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) de ses ancêtres (sur eux la paix) qu'il a dit : Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Ses bénédictions soient sur lui et sa famille) a dit : Trois choses tuent le cœur : s'asseoir avec les gens vils, parler avec les femmes et s'asseoir avec les riches.
Trois choses tuent le cœur : s'asseoir avec les gens vils, parler avec les femmes et s'asseoir avec les riches.
9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from certain individuals of his people from Ibrahim ibn abu al-Balad from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) who has said the following: “Luqman (mentioned in Chapter 3 1 of the Holy Quran), peace be upon him, said to his son, ‘Do not become very close (to people), lest you become the farthest from them (frequent involvement may cause friction and disturbance) and do not keep very far in total isolation and oblivion. Every moving thing loves its kind and the sons of Adam love their kind. Do not spread your goods when there is demand. Just as there is no friendship between the wolf and the sheep so also there is no friendship between a virtuous person and an evildoer. Whoever moves close to asphalt and tar, it will smear him out so also is association with an evildoer whose manners may spread to his associates. Whoever likes to dispute will be abused. Whoever enters places of evil activities will be accused (of evil doing). Whoever associates with an evildoer will not remain safe. Whoever does not control his tongue will regret.”’
Isnād`Alī ibn Ibrāhīm rapporte de son père, de certains de ses compagnons, d'Ibrāhīm ibn Abī al-Bilād, de celui qui l'a mentionné, ayant dit : Luqmān (sur lui la paix) a dit à son fils :
"Ô mon fils, ne te rapproche pas trop, car cela te rendra plus distant, et ne t'éloigne pas trop, car tu seras déshonoré. Chaque créature aime ce qui lui ressemble, et certes, le fils d'Adam aime celui qui lui ressemble. Ne répands pas ton intimité sauf auprès de celui qui te nuit, comme il n'y a pas de complicité entre le loup et le mouton. De même, il n'y a pas de similitude entre le pieux et le pervers. Celui qui se rapproche du goudron s'y colle, de même celui qui fréquente le pervers apprend de ses manières. Celui qui aime les disputes sera insulté, celui qui entre dans les affaires mauvaises sera accusé, celui qui fréquente un mauvais compagnon ne sera pas en sécurité, et celui qui ne contrôle pas sa langue le regrettera."
10. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ibn abu Najran from ‘Umar ibn Yazid from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Do not befriend blasphemers and do not associate with them; people may consider you as one of them. The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘A man follows the religion of his friend and associates.’”
IsnādAbu Ali Al-Ash'ari a rapporté de Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, de Ibn Abi Najran, de Umar ibn Yazid, de Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) qu'il a dit :
Ne fréquentez pas les gens de l'innovation et ne les côtoyez pas, sinon vous serez considérés parmi eux. Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a dit : "Un individu est sur la religion de son ami intime et de son compagnon."
11. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from al- Hajjal from Ali ibn Ya’qub al-Hashimi from Harun ibn Muslim from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurara who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Never befriend an idiotic person; the more delightful you may become from his side the closer it will get to your misfortune.’”
IsnādAbu Ali Al-Ash'ari a rapporté de Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, de Al-Hajjal, de Ali ibn Ya'qub Al-Hashimi, de Harun ibn Muslim, d'Ubayd ibn Zurara, qui a dit : Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) a dit :
Méfiez-vous de la compagnie des sots, car vous êtes plus proche de leur folie qu'ils ne le sont de votre intelligence.