Fréquenter les Pécheurs

3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu Najran from ‘Umar ibn Yazid from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Do not associate with the heretics and do not sit with them so you may become one of them in the eyes of the people. The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘A man is in the religion of his friends and associates.’”

Ne fréquentez pas les gens de l'innovation et ne les côtoyez pas, sinon vous serez considérés parmi eux. Le Messager de Dieu (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui et sa famille) a dit : "Un individu est sur la religion de son ami intime et de son compagnon."

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Dawud ibn Sarhan from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘When you after me find people of heresy and skepticism express your disapproval of them and increase your condemnation, words and opposition to and evidence against them so they may not become greedy to bring destruction to Islam. You must warn people against them and against learning their heretic ideas. Allah will reward you for this and will raise your position in the next life.’”

"Si vous voyez parmi vous des gens de doute et d'innovation après moi, déclarez ouvertement votre désaveu d'eux, multipliez les critiques à leur égard, les reproches et les avertissements, et dévoilez leurs tromperies afin qu'ils ne nourrissent pas d'espoir de corrompre l'islam, que les gens les mettent en garde et n'apprennent pas leurs innovations. Allah inscrira pour vous des bonnes actions à cause de cela et élèvera vos degrés dans l'au-delà."

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Yusuf from Muyassir from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘It is not proper for a Muslim to establish friendship and brothehhood with a blatant sinner, a silly person or a liar.’”

Il n'est pas convenable pour un musulman de fréquenter le pervers, l'insensé ou le menteur.

6. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn Salim al-Kendi from those who narrated to him from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) from the pulpit would say, ‘It is very proper for a Muslim not to establish brotherhood with three kinds of people: a vulgar, a silly or a lying person; a vulgar person polishes his acts for you and loves that you become like him. He does not help you in your religious matters and your life in the hereafter. Association with him is injustice and hardheartedness. His coming and going with you is a disgrace. “A silly person does not show you anything good. There is no hope in his diverting any evil from you even if he may make an effort to help. Perhaps he may like to benefit you, instead he harms you. His death is better than his living, his silence is better than speaking, and his being at a distance is better than his being nearby. “You can never have a happy life with a lying person. He narrates your words to others and the words of the others to you. Whenever he runs out of a story, he stretches one story to the other so much so that even if he may tell the truth it is not believed. He creates animosity among people and grows hatred in the hearts. Be pious before Allah and look after your souls.’”

Il est recommandé pour le musulman d'éviter la compagnie de trois personnes : le menteur, l'idiot et le sorcier. Quant au sorcier, il embellit ses actions devant toi et aime que tu sois comme lui, il ne t'aide pas dans tes affaires religieuses, il te traite avec rudesse et dureté, sa compagnie est une honte pour toi. Quant à l'idiot, il ne te conseille pas le bien et on ne peut espérer qu'il te protège du mal, même s'il fait de son mieux. Parfois, celui qui cherche ton bien te nuit, sa mort est meilleure que sa vie, son silence est meilleur que sa parole, son éloignement est meilleur que sa proximité. Quant au menteur, il ne te permettra pas de vivre en paix avec lui, il transmettra tes paroles et rapportera des paroles à toi, remplaçant une parole par une autre jusqu'à ce qu'il raconte la vérité, mais personne ne le croira. Il sème la discorde entre les gens par l'hostilité, faisant naître la haine dans les cœurs. Craignez Dieu et examinez vos propres actions.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn ‘Adhafir from certain individuals of his people from Muhammad ibn Muslim or abu Hamza from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) from his father (a.s.) who has said the following: “Once Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) said to me, ‘My son, beware of five kinds of people and do not associate with, speak to and accompany them on the road.’ I then asked, ‘Who are they O father?’ He then said, ‘You must not accompany a lying person; he is like a phantom. He tells you of what, in fact, is faraway to be very near and what, in fact, is near to be very far. You must not associate with a sinful person; he may sell you for a single loaf or even less to this or that person. You must not associate with a stingy person; he leaves you out in the cold in financial matters in your desperate conditions. You must not associate with a silly person; he may want to benefit you instead he causes you harm. “You must not associate one who has failed to maintain good relations with relatives; 1 have found him as condemned in three places of the book of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘If you ignore the commands of Allah, would you then also spread evil in the land and sever the ties of kinship? (47:22) Allah has condemned these people and made them deaf, dumb, and blind.’ (47:23) ‘Those who disregard their covenant with Allah after He has taken such a pledge from them, who sever the proper relations that Allah has commanded them to establish, and those who spread evil in the land will have Allah’s condemnation instead of reward and will face the most terrible end.’ (13:25) ‘. . . The evil doers (2:26) who break their established covenant with Him and the relations He has commanded to be kept and who spread evil in the land; these are the ones who lose a great deal.’” (2:27)

L'Imam Ali ibn al-Hussein (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui) a rapporté que son père, l'Imam Hussein (que la paix soit sur lui), lui a dit : "Ô mon fils, évite cinq types de personnes : ne les fréquente pas, ne leur parle pas, et ne les accompagne pas sur le chemin." J'ai demandé : "Ô mon père, qui sont-ils ?" Il a répondu : "Méfie-toi de la compagnie des menteurs, car ils sont comme des mirages, rapprochant l'objet lointain et éloignant le proche. Méfie-toi de la compagnie des pécheurs, car ils te vendront pour un repas ou moins que cela. Méfie-toi de la compagnie des avares, car ils te trahiront dans leurs biens au moment où tu en auras le plus besoin. Méfie-toi de la compagnie des sots, car ils chercheront à te rendre service mais te nuiront. Méfie-toi de la compagnie de celui qui coupe les liens familiaux, car j'ai trouvé qu'il était maudit dans le Livre de Dieu en trois endroits : Dieu a dit : 'Pensez-vous que vous serez laissés en paix si vous corrompez la terre et rompez les liens de parenté ? Ceux-là sont ceux que Dieu a maudits, rendus sourds et aveugles.' Et ceux qui violent le pacte conclu avec Dieu après l'avoir confirmé, qui rompent ce que Dieu a ordonné d'unir et qui sèment la corruption sur terre, ceux-là sont les perdants." (Sourate Al-Baqara, versets 27-29)

8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Shu’ayb al-‘Aqaqufi who has said the following: “Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘Allah has told you (believers) in the Book that when you hear people disbelieving and mocking Allah’s revelations, do not sit with them unless they change the subject. You will become like them. Allah will gather all the hypocrites and the unbelievers together in hellfire.’ (4:140) The Imam said, ‘It means that when you hear the man who rejects the truth, denies it and opposes A ’immah, you then must leave him and do not sit with him no matter whoever he may be.’”

Ce hadith souligne l'importance de s'opposer à ceux qui nient la vérité et s'opposent aux autorités religieuses, en les rejetant et en refusant de les soutenir, peu importe qui ils sont.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ali ibn Asbat from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from ‘Abd al-‘Ala’ ibn ‘Ayun from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Whoever believes in Allah and in the Day of Judgment must not sit in a seat whereby an Imam is belittled or a believer is criticized.”

Celui qui croit en Allah et au Jour Dernier ne devrait pas s'asseoir dans un rassemblement où l'imam est dénigré ou où un croyant est blâmé.

10. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, ‘Whoever believes in Allah and in the Day of Judgment must not stay in a place that casts doubt on one’s credentials and make them murky.’”

L'Imam des croyants (qu'Allah prie sur lui et sur sa famille) a dit: "Celui qui croit en Allah et au Jour Dernier ne doit pas se lever à un endroit de doute."

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from ‘Abd al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘Whoever believes in Allah and in the Day of Judgment must not sit in a place where an Imam is belittled or a believer is criticized.’”

Celui qui croit en Allah et au Jour Dernier ne devrait pas s'asseoir dans un rassemblement où l'imam est critiqué ou où un croyant est dénigré.

12. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Sa’d from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Ishaq ibn Musa who has said that narrated to him his brother and uncle from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “There are three kinds of gatherings that Allah despises and sends His anger upon the attendance therein. You must not sit there to associate with them: a gathering wherein there is one whose tongue speaks lies in his Fatwas (legal opinion), a gathering wherein our enemies are praised freshly and we are mentioned as old (of less value) ones, and a gathering wherein obstacles are created for us and you know it.’ The Imam then read three verses from the book of Allah as if they were in his mouth (or as if they were on his palms): ‘O believers, do not say bad words against the idols lest they (pagans) in their hostility and ignorance say such words against Allah. ’(6: 108) ‘When you see people mocking Our revelations, turn away from them so that they may change the subject. . . .’ (6:68) ‘(Unbelievers), do not follow whatever your lying tongues may tell you is lawful or unlawful to invent lies against Allah. . . .’” (16:116)

13. Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Dawud ibn Farqad who has said that narrated to him Sa’id al-Jumahhi who has that narrated to him Hisham ibn Salim from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “If you are caught up with the people who are bitter enemies of ‘A’immah, recipients of divine supreme covenant, and you associate with them, you must act like a person on a piece of stone heated in a furnace whereby you move away as fast as you can; Allah hates them and condemns them. If you find them, speak against any one of ‘A ’immah, you must move away from them; Allah’s anger descend down there upon them.”

"Si tu es mis à l'épreuve par les partisans de la calomnie et que tu te trouves en leur compagnie, comporte-toi comme si tu étais assis sur une corniche jusqu'à ce que tu te lèves, car Allah les maudira et les anéantira. Et si tu les vois discuter au sujet d'un des Imams parmi les Imams, lève-toi, car la colère d'Allah descendra sur eux à cet endroit."

14. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Whoever sits with those who abuse the friends of Allah has certainly disobeyed Allah,the Most High.’”

a dit : "Celui qui s'assoit avec quelqu'un qui insulte les alliés de Dieu, alors il a désobéi à Dieu le Très-Haut."

15. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from al-Qasim ibn ‘Urwah from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurara from his father from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Whoever sits in a gathering where any of A ’immah is abused and one is able to move out of such gathering, but does not do so, Allah will dress him with humiliation in this world and punish him in the next life and take away from him the goodness that was granted to him due to his acquaintance with us.’”

Celui qui s'assoit dans une assemblée où l'on insulte un Imam parmi les Imams capables de se lever et ne le fait pas, Allah l'humiliera dans ce monde, le châtiera dans l'au-delà, et lui enlèvera la bénédiction de notre reconnaissance.

16. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn Yahya have narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Sa’d from Muhammad ibn Muslim from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn al-Nu’man who has said that his father narrated to him from Ali ibn al- Nu’man from ibn Muskan from al-Yaman ibn ‘Ubayd Allah who has said the following: “I saw Yahya ibn ‘Umm Tawil standing at al-Kunasa (an open area in Kufah) calling at the peak of his voice, ‘O group of friends of Allah, I disavow whatever you hear. Whoever abuses Ali (a.s.) allow the condemnation of Allah be upon him. We renounce the people of the family of Marwan and all that they worship besides Allah.’ He then would lower his voice and say, ‘Do not sit with those who abuse the friends of Allah. Do not sit with those who doubt our belief and do not accept them as your judge. If any of your brothers (in belief) would need to ask you questions (help), then you have violated your trust with him (for not helping before his appeal).’ He then would read, ‘. . . For the unjust We have prepared a fire which will engulf them with its flames. Whenever they ciy for help they will be answered with water as hot as liquefied brass, which will blister their faces. How terrible is such a drink and such a resting place!”’ (18:29)

[Contenu principal du hadith]