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Chapitre
Salah (Prayer) for a Believer’s Dead Body, Takbir and Du’a
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1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn ’Uramah from Zur‘ah, from Muhammad ibn Sanaa ‘ah in a Muzmar manner has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about Salah (prayer) for a deceased. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must say five Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) in this Salah (prayer). After first Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) say, “I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause and to ’A’immah who provide right guidance and forgive us, our brothers who were believers before us and do not allow jealousy against the believers to enter our hearts. O Lord, You are compassionate and merciful. O Lord grant forgiveness to our living people, to those who have died of the male, female believing people, place kindness in our hearts, those of the virtuous ones among us and grant us guidance in the disputed matters of the issues of truth by Your permission; You guide, whomever You will, to the right path.” If the second Takbir is said (before you complete the above sayings), it is not harmful.You then say, “O Lord, this is Your servant, son of Your male and female servants. You know better than I about him do. He needs to receive mercy from You and You do not need him. O Lord forgive his sins, increase his good deeds, forgive him, have mercy upon him, lightup his grave, dictate to him his good argument, join him with his Holy prophet, do not deprive us of receiving rewards because of him and do not put us to trials after him.” Say this until you complete all five Takbir.’” (According to this Hadith there are five Takbir and after every Takbir there are the above recitations, which consist of the two testimonies, Salawat (O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause), prayer for the believers and prayer for the deceased).
IsnādChaîne de transmission:
J'ai interrogé Samā'a sur la prière pour les morts. Il a dit : "Tu fais cinq takbīr (dire "Allahu Akbar") en disant, au premier takbīr : 'Je témoigne qu'il n'y a de divinité digne d'adoration qu'Allah, seul sans associé, et je témoigne que Muhammad est Son serviteur et Son messager. Ô Allah, accorde des bénédictions à Muhammad et à la famille de Muhammad, ainsi qu'aux Imams qui guident. Pardonne-nous, ainsi qu'à nos frères qui nous ont précédés dans la foi, et ne laisse pas de rancœur dans nos cœurs envers ceux qui croient. Seigneur, Tu es Compatissant et Miséricordieux. Ô Allah, pardonne à nos vivants et à nos morts parmi les croyants et les croyantes, unis nos cœurs avec ceux de nos meilleurs, guide-nous vers la vérité sur laquelle il y a divergence, car Tu guides qui Tu veux vers un chemin droit. Si tu interromps le deuxième takbīr, tu dis : 'Ô Allah, Ton serviteur, fils de Ton serviteur, fils de Ta servante, Tu sais mieux que moi sa situation. Il a besoin de Ta miséricorde alors que Tu te passes de lui. Ô Allah, pardonne ses péchés, augmente sa bonté, pardonne-lui, aie pitié de lui, illumine sa tombe, enseigne-lui sa preuve, réunis-le avec son Prophète (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille), ne nous prive pas de sa récompense, ne nous teste pas après lui.' Tu dis cela jusqu'à avoir fini les cinq takbīr."
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In Salah (prayer) for a deceased say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description), then say, “O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause,” then say, “O Lord, this is Your servant the son of Your male and a female servant. I do not know about him except good but You know more about him than I know. O Lord if he is a person of good deeds, increase his good deeds, but if he is a person of bad deeds, forgive his sins, grant him mercy, make his grave spacious and make him of the friends of Muhammad, O Allah grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.” Then say the second Takbir (Allah is great beyond description). Then say, “O Lord, if he is a person of purity, purify him but if he is a sinner forgive him.” Then say the third Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and say, “O Lord, do not deprive us of receiving rewards because of him and do not put us to trial after him.” Then say the fourth Takbir (Allah is great beyond description). Then say, “O Lord, write him (his name) with You among those of high status and replace him in his children whom he has left behind and make him of the friends of Muhammad, O Allah grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.” Then say the fifth Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and end the Salah (prayer).’”
Isnād`Alī ibn Ibrāhīm rapporte de son père, de Ibn Abī 'Umayr, de Ḥammād, de al-Ḥalabī, de Zurāra, de Abī 'Abdillāh (que la paix soit sur lui)
dans la prière pour les défunts, il a dit : "Tu fais la takbīra, puis tu pries sur le Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Sa paix soient sur lui), puis tu dis : 'Ô Allah, Ton serviteur, fils de Ton serviteur, fils de Ta servante, je ne connais de lui que du bien, et Tu en connais plus que moi. Ô Allah, s'il était vertueux, accrois sa vertu et accepte-la de lui. Et s'il avait commis des erreurs, pardonne-lui ses péchés, aie pitié de lui, élargis-lui sa tombe, et fais de lui parmi les compagnons de Muḥammad (que la prière d'Allah et Sa paix soient sur lui).' Ensuite tu fais la takbīra une deuxième fois et tu dis : 'Ô Allah, s'il était pur, purifie-le. Et s'il avait commis des fautes, pardonne-lui.' Puis tu fais la takbīra une troisième fois et tu dis : 'Ô Allah, ne nous prive pas de sa récompense, et ne nous mets pas à l'épreuve après lui.' Ensuite tu fais la takbīra une quatrième fois et tu dis : 'Ô Allah, inscris-le parmi les plus élevés auprès de Toi, sois miséricordieux envers ceux qui restent, et fais de lui parmi les compagnons de Muḥammad (que la prière d'Allah et Sa paix soient sur lui).' Puis tu fais la takbīra une cinquième fois et tu t'en vas."
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from a number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad all from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about Takbir over a deceased person. He (the Imam) said, ‘There are five Takbir. In the first one say, “I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, I pray to You to grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.” Then say, “O Lord, this person, shrouded in front of us, is your servant and the son of Your servant whose soul You have taken to Yourself, and he is in need for your mercy and You do not need his being punished. O Lord, if he is a person of good deeds, increase his good deeds; if he is a person of bad deeds, forgive his sins.” Then say the second Takbir and do the same after every Takbir.”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, et un groupe de nos compagnons, de Sahl ibn Ziyad, tous de la part d'Ibn Mahbub, de Abi Walad.
J'ai interrogé Aba Abdillah (sur lui soit la paix) au sujet du Takbir pour le défunt. Il dit : "Cinq [phrases] que tu prononces dans la première : 'Je témoigne qu'il n'y a de divinité que Dieu, seul, sans associé. Ô Allah, prie sur Muhammad et la famille de Muhammad.' Ensuite tu dis : 'Ô Allah, certes cet être que l'on vient de nous prendre est Ton serviteur et le fils de Ton serviteur. Tu as repris son âme vers Toi, et il a besoin de Ta miséricorde. Et Tu es suffisant pour le châtier. Ô Allah, nous ne connaissons de lui que le bien apparent, et Tu connais mieux ses secrets. Ô Allah, s'il était vertueux, accrois sa vertu. Et s'il avait commis des péchés, pardonne-lui ses fautes.' Puis tu fais le Takbir une seconde fois, et tu fais cela à chaque Takbir."
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In Salah (prayer) for a deceased say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and the testimony and say, “We are from Allah and to Allah we return. All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds, Lord of death and life. O Allah, I pray to You to grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. O Allah I pray to You to grant Muhammad the best of rewards for his favors to his followers and for his preaching the message of his Lord.” Then say, “O Lord, this is Your servant, the son of Your male and a female servant. His forehead is in Your control. He has left this world, he is in need of Your mercy, and You do not need his being punished. O Lord, we do not know about him anything except good; but You know more about him than we know. O Lord, if he is a person of good deeds, increase his good deeds. If he is a person of bad deeds, forgive his sins, grant him mercy, forgive him through your mercy, join him with your Holy prophet, and keep him on the unchangeable word in the worldly life and in the hereafter. O Lord, make us to walk on the path of guidance and guide him and us to the right path. O Lord, grant (us) forgiveness, O Lord grant (us) forgiveness.” Then say the second Takbir. Repeat what you have said after every Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) until you say all five Takbir (Allah is great beyond description).’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim rapporte de son père, de Ibn Abi Umeyr, de Hammad, de Al-Halabi, de Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)
Il a dit : "Vous prononcez Takbir, puis vous faites le Tashahhud, puis vous dites : 'Nous appartenons à Allah et c'est à Lui que nous retournerons. Louange à Allah, Seigneur de l'univers, Seigneur de la vie et de la mort. Que les bénédictions soient sur Muhammad et sur sa famille. Que Dieu récompense Muhammad pour nous de la meilleure récompense pour ce qu'il a fait pour sa communauté et pour ce qu'il a transmis des messages de son Seigneur. Ensuite, vous dites : 'Ô Allah, Ton serviteur, fils de Ton serviteur, fils de Ta servante, sa destinée est entre Tes mains. Il a quitté ce monde et a besoin de Ta miséricorde, et Tu es suffisant pour le châtier. Ô Allah, nous ne connaissons de lui que du bien, et Tu es plus au courant que nous. Ô Allah, s'il fait le bien, augmente sa bonté et accepte-la de lui. Et s'il fait le mal, pardonne-lui son péché et aie pitié de lui, et passe outre par Ta miséricorde. Ô Allah, fais-le rejoindre Ton Prophète et affermis-le dans la parole ferme, dans cette vie et dans l'au-delà. Ô Allah, guide-nous, lui et nous, sur le chemin de la guidance, et guide-nous tous les deux sur Ton droit chemin. Ô Allah, pardonne, pardonne. Puis vous prononcez une deuxième fois le Takbir et vous dites la même chose que vous avez dit jusqu'à ce que vous ayez fini avec cinq Takbirs."
5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. People raise their hands during the first Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) in Salah (prayer) for a deceased but not in the rest of Takbir and if should I raise my hand in the first Takbir only or in all Takbir. He (the Imam) said, ‘Raise your hand in all Takbir.’”
IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons de Sahl ibn Ziyad, de Muhammad ibn 'Isa, de Yunus, ont rapporté que:
J'ai interrogé Al-Rida (sur lui la paix) en disant: "Puissé-je être ton sacrifice, les gens lèvent leurs mains lors du Takbir pour le défunt dans le premier Takbir, mais ne le font pas par la suite. Dois-je me limiter au premier Takbir comme ils le font, ou dois-je lever mes mains à chaque Takbir?" Il répondit: "Lève tes mains à chaque Takbir."
6. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hassan from Ahmad ibn ‘Abd al-Rahim abu al-Sakhr from ’Isma‘il ibn ‘Abd al- Khaliq ibn ‘Abd Rabbihi who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In Salah (prayer) for a deceased say, ‘O Lord, You have created this soul and You have caused it to die. You know all of its secret and public matters. We have come to You to mediate before You in his favor, so accept our intercession. O Lord, entrust it with those whom it took as supreme power and raise it with those whom it loved.’”
IsnādAli ibn Muhammad, d'après Ali ibn al-Hassan, d'après Ahmad ibn Abderrahim Abu al-Sakhra, d'après Ismaïl ibn Abd al-Khaliq ibn Abd Rabih, d'après Abi Abdullah (sur lui le salut)
Dans la prière funéraire, tu dis : "Ô Allah, c'est Toi qui as créé cette âme et c'est Toi qui l'as emportée. Tu connais ses secrets et ses manifestations. Nous venons à Toi comme intercesseurs pour elle, intercède pour nous, Ô Allah, et accorde-lui la compagnie de ceux qu'elle aimait."