Rares hadiths sur le Wudu'

2. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy from al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah, who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Wudu’ is the opening of Salah (prayer), Takbir marks the field of Salah (prayer) and Taslim marks the end of the field of Salah (prayer).”’

Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a dit : "Le commencement de la prière est l'ablution, sa sacralisation est le Takbir et sa conclusion est le Salut."

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Salih ibn al-Sindiy from Ja‘far ibn Bashir from Sabah al-Hadhdh’a from abu ‘Usamah who has said the following: “Once I was in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when a man of the followers of al- Mughirah asked him about matters of tradition (the Sunnah). The Imam replied, ‘There a tradition is set about everything that a son of Adam may need from Allah and His Messenger. There are those who have recognized such traditions and there are those who have rejected them.’ The man then asked, ‘What is the tradition about using the restroom?’ The Imam replied, ‘Speak of Allah and seek protection with Allah against Satan, the one condemned to be stoned. When you finish using a restroom you should say this. “All praise belongs to Allah who has relieved me of the discomfort with ease and good health.’” The man then asked, ‘Should one say such expressions in such a condition before looking back at what has come out?’ The Imam replied, ‘To every man on earth there are two angels assigned. When he is in such a condition, they bend his neck down saying, “O son of Adam, look down to the thing for which you have been struggling, into what kind of thing it has turned.’””

[Traduction du contenu principal du hadith]

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Salmah ibn al-Khattab from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Thaqafiy from Ali ibn al-Mu‘alla’ from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Humran who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘For taking Wudu’, then using a towel, one gains a good deed. Instead of using a towel if one allows the moisture from Wudu’ to dry up, one gains thirty good deeds.”

Celui qui fait ses ablutions et se rince la bouche, une bonne action lui est écrite. Et s'il fait ses ablutions mais ne se rince pas la bouche jusqu'à ce que son ablution sèche, trente bonnes actions lui sont écrites.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Jarrah al-Hadhdha’ from Sama‘ah ibn Mehran who has said the following. “Abu al-Hassan, Musa, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one takes Wudu’ for Maghrib Salah (prayer), this Wudu’ is expiation for the sins committed during the day that has just passed, except the major sins. If one takes Wudu’ for morning Salah (prayer), this Wudu’ is expiation for the sins committed during the night that has just passed, except the major sins.’”

Celui qui accomplit l'ablution pour la prière du Maghrib, son ablution est une expiation pour les péchés commis pendant sa journée, à l'exception des péchés majeurs, et celui qui accomplit l'ablution pour la prière du Fajr, son ablution est une expiation pour les péchés commis pendant sa nuit, à l'exception des péchés majeurs.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Qasim af-Khazzaz, from ’Abd af-Rahman ibn Kathir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that once, ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, while Muhammad, his son was present, asked him to bring water for Wudu’. He brought water and he (’Amir al-Mu’minin) poured with his right hand onto his left hand and said, ‘All praise belongs to Allah who has made water purifying and has not made it impure.’ He then used water to clean his private parts and said, ‘O Lord, protect my private parts and keep them chaste, cover the parts of my body to be concealed and save them from the fire.’ He then cleansed his nostrils and said, ‘O Lord, do not deprive me of the fragrance of paradise; make me of those who enjoy the fragrance, goodness and delight of paradise.’ He then rinsed his mouth and said, ‘O Lord, allow my tongue to speak of You and make me of those with whom You are happy.’ He then washed his face and said, ‘O Lord, make my face white on the Day when faces turn black and do not make my face black on the Day when faces turn white.’ He then washed his right hand and said, ‘O Lord, please give the book of the record of my deeds in my right hand and eternity in my left hand.’ He then washed his left hand and said, ‘O Lord, do not give the book of the record of my deeds in my left hand and do not chain it to my neck. I seek protection with You against the cutting sections of hell.’ He then wiped his head and said, ‘O Lord, cover me up with Your mercy, blessings and forgiveness.’ He then wiped his feet and said, ‘O Lord, keep my foot firm on the bridge on the Day when feet slip and make my deeds gain Your happiness in my favor.’ He then turned to Muhammad and said, ‘O Muhammad, if one takes Wudu’ the way I did and says what I said, Allah creates from every drop of water an angel who glorifies, says Tasbih, Takbir and Tahlil of Allah and the reward for this is written in favor of the person taking Wudu’.’”

qui a dit : Alors que l'Imam des croyants (sur lui la paix) était assis avec son fils Muhammad, il a dit : "Ô Muhammad, apporte-moi un récipient d'eau". Il le lui apporta et il le versa de sa main droite dans sa main gauche, puis il dit : Louange à Allah qui a rendu l'eau pure et non impure. Ensuite, il fit ses ablutions et dit : "Ô Allah, protège mon intimité, pardonne-moi, couvre ma nudité et interdis-la dans le Feu". Puis il se rinça la bouche et dit : "Ô Allah, ne me prive pas de l'odeur du Paradis et fais de moi quelqu'un qui sente son parfum, sa bonne odeur et son basilic". Ensuite, il se gargarisa et dit : "Ô Allah, fais parler ma langue de Ta mention et fais de moi quelqu'un dont Tu es satisfait". Ensuite, il se lava le visage et dit : "Ô Allah, illumine mon visage le jour où les visages s'assombriront et ne rends pas sombre mon visage le jour où les visages s'illumineront". Puis il lava sa main droite et dit : "Ô Allah, donne-moi mon livre dans ma main droite et le Paradis dans ma main gauche". Ensuite, il lava sa main gauche et dit : "Ô Allah, ne me donne pas mon livre dans ma main gauche et ne le lie pas à mon cou, et je cherche refuge en Toi contre les morceaux du Feu". Ensuite, il essuya sa tête et dit : "Ô Allah, enveloppe-moi de Ta miséricorde, de Tes bénédictions et de Ton pardon". Ensuite, il essuya ses pieds et dit : "Ô Allah, affermis mes pieds sur le Pont le jour où les pieds glisseront et fais que mes actions soient agréées par Toi". Ensuite, il se tourna vers Muhammad et dit : "Ô Muhammad, celui qui fait ses ablutions comme j'ai fait les miennes, et dit ce que j'ai dit, Dieu crée pour lui de chaque goutte un ange qui le sanctifie, le glorifie, l'exalte, le loue et inscrit pour lui la récompense de cela".

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say while speaking to people in Makkah, ‘One day the Messenger of Allah completed his Salah (prayer) of the morning and sat in the Masjid with his companions until sunrise. Thereafter, people one by one left the Masjid except two men, one from the people of Ansar and the other from Thaqif. The Messenger of Allah then said to them, “I understand you need to ask me questions. You may ask if you like and I will answer. If you like, I can tell you what your questions are before you ask. If you wish, you may ask me.” They said, “Please inform us before we ask you our questions; it is more enlightening, frees us from doubts and strengthens our belief more.” The Messenger of Allah then said, “You, gentleman from Thaqif, have come to ask me about your Wudu’ and Salah (prayer) regarding what is good for you in them. You should keep in mind that when you place your hand in your water container and say ‘In the name of Allah’ the sins that your hands may have committed scatter away from you. The sins that your eyes and mouth may have committed scatter away from you when you wash your face. When you wash your arms to your elbows, the sins from your left and right scatter away from you. When you wipe your head and feet the sins into which you may have walked scatter away from you. This is what you gain from your Wudu’.’””

Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) enseigne à ses compagnons à La Mecque l'importance de l'ablution et comment celle-ci purifie non seulement le corps mais aussi l'âme en dispersant les péchés. Il souligne l'effet purificateur de chaque geste de l'ablution, montrant ainsi l'importance de la pureté intérieure autant que de la pureté extérieure dans la pratique de la prière.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Wudu’ is part of belief.’”

"La purification (al-wuḍūʼ) est la moitié de la foi."

9. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from certain persons of our people from ’Isma‘il ibn Mehran from Sabbah al-ffadhdha’ from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once was in the presence of abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and he (the Imam) performed al-Dhuhr and al-‘Asr Salah (prayer) before me. I remained in his presence until al-Maghrib. He (the Imam) asked for Wudu’ (water) and he took Wudu’ for al-Maghrib Salah (prayer), then said to me, ‘You need to take Wudu’. 5 I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, my Wudu’ is still valid.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Even so you should take Wudu’; to those who take Wudu’ for al-Maghrib it serves as expiation for the sins that they may have done during that day except the major sins. Taking Wudu’ in the morning serves as expiation for the sins that one had committed during the night before except the major sins.’”

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya and Ahmad ibn Idris have narrated from Ahmad ibn Ishaq from Sa‘dan from certain persons of his people who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘For having al-Tuhr (cleansing) over al-Tuhr one receives a reward for ten good deeds.”’

La pureté sur la pureté est équivalente à dix bonnes actions.

11. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan and others have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad through the chain of his narrators who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When anyone of you completes his Wudu’, he must take water in his palm and wipe with it his back; it will free his neck from the fire.’” (This perhaps is because of Taqiyah)

Lorsque l'un d'entre vous a terminé son ablution, qu'il prenne une poignée d'eau et qu'il essuie son visage avec, cela servira de protection pour son cou contre le feu.

12. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who takes Wudu’ with water of roses for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’” (Fatwa best explains this Hadith.)

Un homme a demandé à Abū al-Ḥasan (que la paix soit sur lui) s'il pouvait se laver avec de l'eau de rose et faire ses ablutions avec pour la prière. Il a répondu : "Il n'y a pas de mal à cela."

13. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Wahhab from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah from Hisham ibn Salim from ’Isma‘il al-Ju’fiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about touching the bones of a dead person. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is after one year, it is not harmful.’”

J'ai demandé à propos de celui qui touche l'os du mort, il a dit: "S'il est sec, il n'y a pas de mal."

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated in a marfu‘ manner from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one sleeps in Masjid al-Haram or Masjid of the Messenger of Allah and experiences wet dream, one must take Tayammum and must not pass through the Masjid without Tayammum until one is out of the Masjid, then take Ghusl (bath). This applies to one experiencing Hayd (menses) also and she must take Tayammum as mentioned. In the case of other Masjid, passing through them in such conditions is permissible but such people must not sit in them with such conditions.’”

Lorsqu'un homme dort dans la Mosquée Sacrée ou dans la mosquée du Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Sa paix soient sur lui) et qu'il a un rêve érotique, et qu'il est touché par l'émission de sperme, qu'il fasse alors le tayammum et ne traverse pas la mosquée sans être en état de purification rituelle, jusqu'à ce qu'il en sorte, puis qu'il fasse le bain rituel. De même, si une femme en période de menstruation est touchée par ses règles, qu'elle fasse de même, et il n'y a pas de mal à ce qu'ils traversent les autres mosquées sans s'y arrêter.

15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Wuhayb ibn Hafs from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a snake that enters in a Hub (large water container) which has water in it and then comes out. He (the Imam) said, ‘If one can find other water it should be spilled away.’”

J'ai demandé à propos d'une vipère qui est entrée dans un puits contenant de l'eau et en est ressortie. Il a répondu : "Si on trouve de l'eau autre que celle-ci, il faut la verser."

16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja‘far from his brother abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of one who had a nosebleed; then he blew his nose and parts of it became small segments which came in contact with his water container. Can he take Wudu’ with such water? He (the Imam) said, ’If nothing is visible in the water container it is not harmful. However, if things show in it he must not use it for Wudu’. 5 I (the narrator) then asked him (the Imam) about a man who has nosebleed while taking Wudu’ and a drop falls in his water container. Can he take Wudu 5 with such water? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot take Wudu’ with such water.’”

J'ai demandé à propos d'un homme qui a gratté une croûte et qu'une partie de ce sang est devenue de petits morceaux, et a touché son récipient : est-il permis de faire les ablutions avec ce sang ? Il a répondu : S'il n'y a rien de visible dans l'eau, alors il n'y a pas de problème. Mais s'il y a quelque chose de visible, alors il ne doit pas faire les ablutions avec. J'ai aussi demandé à propos d'un homme qui a gratté une croûte alors qu'il était en train de faire les ablutions et qu'une goutte est tombée dans son récipient : est-il permis de faire les ablutions avec cela ? Il a répondu : Non.

17. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Barqiy from Sa‘d ibn Sa‘d from Safwan who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who needs to take Wudu’ for Salah (prayer). However, he is not able to find water. He finds a certain amount of water which is enough for his Wudu’ but it costs one hundred dirham or one thousand dirham. He has that much dirham to buy and take Wudu’, should he buy the water or instead take Tayammum? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he must buy. This kind of thing has happened to me and I bought water to take Wudu’. What is bought (in this case) is a great deal.’” (For such Ahadith about an act or issue of the five categories of deeds the qualities such as Wujub, (Obligatory), Hurmat (Prohibited), Istihbab (Preference), Kirahat (Detestability) or Ibahah (Permissibility) one must consult fatwas of one’s Mujtahid.)