Préparation pour placer un défunt dans la tombe — Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

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1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that you should place a deceased, after his arrival near the grave, in it from the side where you intend to place his feet. When the deceased is placed in the grave, read Ayatu al-Kursiy and say, ’(I begin) in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah and on the path of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, make his grave comfortably spacious and join him with his prophet, who with his family are ‘Alayhim al-Salam .’ Then say what you have just said in Salah (prayer) for the deceased only once nearby, ‘O Allah, if he is a person of good deed, increase his good deeds and if he is a person of bad deeds, please forgive him, have mercy on him and ignore his sins.’ You should ask forgiveness for him as much as possible. The Imam said, ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn, Alayhi al-Salam, at the time of placing a deceased in the grave would say, “O Allah make his place spacious on both sides, accept his good deeds and grant him happiness from Your side.’””

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2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id and Muhammad ibn Khalid, all from al-Nadr ibn al-Suwayd from Yahya ibn ‘Imran from Harun ibn Kharijah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said to say this, when you place a deceased in the grave, ‘(I begin) in the name of Allah, with Allah and on the path of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, take him to Your mercy and not to Your punishment.’ Say, when the deceased is placed in the grave, with your hand on his ear, ‘Allah is your Lord, al-Islam is your religion, Muhammad is your prophet, Quran is your book and Ali is your Imam.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id, Muhammad ibn Khalid, tous de la part de Al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, de la part de Yahya ibn Imran, de la part de Harun ibn Kharija, de la part d'Abi Basir, de la part d'Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)

Quand tu laves un mort, dis "Au nom de Dieu, et par Dieu, et sur la religion du Messager de Dieu (que la prière de Dieu et Son salut soient sur lui). Ô Dieu, dirige-le vers Ta miséricorde, pas vers Ton châtiment. Quand tu le mets dans la tombe, mets ta main sur son oreille et dis "Dieu est ton Seigneur, l'Islam est ta religion, Muhammad est ton Prophète, le Coran est ton Livre, et Ali est ton Imam."

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3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I asked one of the two Imam, Alayhim al-Salam, about a deceased. He said, ‘Place him in the grave from the side of the feet. Keep the grave above the ground by four open fingers and make it four cornered.’”

IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons de la part de Sahl ibn Ziyad, de al-Hasan ibn Mahboub, de al-Ala ibn Razeen, de Muhammad ibn Muslim, qui a dit : J'ai interrogé l'un d'eux (que la paix soit sur eux) au sujet du mort. Il a dit : Tu l'interroges du côté des pieds, tu fixes le cercueil au sol jusqu'à une profondeur de quatre doigts et tu places le cercueil en position assise.

Tu l'interroges du côté des pieds, tu fixes le cercueil au sol jusqu'à une profondeur de quatre doigts et tu places le cercueil en position assise.

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4. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Muhammad ibn ‘Ajlan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said to place a deceased gently in the grave. The person from the side of his head, when he is placed in the grave, should speak of the names of Allah. He should also say ‘Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause).’ He should ask protection with Allah against Satan; read al-Fatihah al-Kitab, chapters 113, 114, 112 of the Holy Quran and Ayatu al-Kursiy. If possible, one should place the side of his face on the soil without covering, say the testimonies, and speak of Allah whatever he knows until he is in the presence of his guardian (Imam al-Mahdi).”

IsnādSahl ibn Ziyad - Muhammad ibn Sinan - Muhammad ibn Ajlan - Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)

"Soulève doucement le compagnon, et quand tu le déposes dans sa tombe, qu'il soit plus proche de sa tête que des autres pour qu'il mentionne le nom d'Allah, prie sur le Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Sa paix soient sur lui et sa famille), se réfugie contre Satan, récite la Fatiha, les deux sourates protectrices, dis 'Il est Allah, Unique', le verset du Trône, et s'il peut toucher sa joue avec de la terre, qu'il le fasse, puis qu'il témoigne et se souvienne de ce qu'il sait jusqu'à ce qu'il rejoigne son compagnon."

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5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Isma’il from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Mahfuz al- Iskaf who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the person nearest in kinship to the deceased should enter the grave for burial near his head, remove the shroud from the right side of his face, place it on earth, with his mouth near the ear of the deceased, say three times, ‘Listen and understand.’ Allah is your Lord, Muhammad is your prophet, al-Islam is your religion, so and so is your Imam. Listen and understand. He should repeat this dictation three times.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya a rapporté de Muhammad ibn Isma'il, de Ali ibn al-Hakam, de Muhammad ibn Sinan, de Mahfuz al-Iskafi, de Abu Abdullah (sur lui le salut)

a dit : "Lorsque tu veux enterrer le mort, que la personne la plus sage descende dans sa tombe du côté de sa tête, découvre son visage droit jusqu'à ce qu'il touche la terre, rapproche sa bouche de son oreille et dise : 'Écoute, comprends, répète trois fois : Allah est ton Seigneur, Muhammad est ton Prophète, l'Islam est ta religion, untel est ton imam.' Écoute, comprends et répète cela trois fois. Voici les recommandations."

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6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the two Imam the following: “The Imam, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘When a deceased is placed in the grave you should say, “(I begin) in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah and according to the traditions of the Messenger of Allah. (O Allah), this, Your servant, son of Your servant has become Your guest and You are the best host. O Allah, make his grave spacious and join him with his prophet. O Allah, all we know of him is good but You are more knowledgeable about him than we are.” When you place the slab, (to cover his grave) say, “O Allah, find connections for his loneliness and comfort for his dread. Settle with him from Your mercy a mercy that will suffice him of the mercy of those other than Yourself.” When coming out of the grave say, “We are for Allah and to Him we return. All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds. O Allah, raise his position in the highest of high places, make a successor among those whom he has left behind, who suffer grief, O Lord of the worlds.”’”

IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim a rapporté de son père, de Hammad ibn Isa, de Hariz, de Muhammad ibn Muslim, de l'un d'entre eux (que la paix soit sur eux)

Quand le défunt est placé dans sa tombe, dis : "Au nom de Dieu, dans le chemin de Dieu, et sur la religion du Messager de Dieu (que la prière de Dieu et Son salut soient sur lui), ton serviteur, fils de ton serviteur, est venu vers toi et tu es le meilleur lieu où il puisse être. Ô mon Dieu, élargis-lui sa tombe et réunis-le avec son Prophète. Ô mon Dieu, nous ne connaissons de lui que du bien et Tu en sais plus que nous. Quand tu verses de l'eau sur lui, dis : "Ô mon Dieu, accorde-lui la compagnie, dissipe sa solitude, et accorde-lui de Ta miséricorde une miséricorde qui le suffira de celle des autres que Toi. Quand tu sors de sa tombe, dis : "Nous appartenons à Dieu et c'est vers Lui que nous retournerons. Louange à Dieu, Seigneur de l'univers. Ô mon Dieu, élève son rang parmi les plus élevés et sois Son successeur parmi ceux qui sont partis, ô Seigneur de l'univers."

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7. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by his father from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, that when you place a deceased in his grave, read Ayatu al-Kursiy and hold his right shoulder with your hand, then say, ‘O so and so say, “I accept Allah as the Lord, al-Islam as the religion, Muhammad as the prophet and Ali as the Imam.” Then mention the Imam of his time.’””

IsnādD'après lui, de son père, de Hammad, de Hariz, de Zurara, qui a dit :

Lorsque tu déposes le mort dans sa tombe, récite la Ayat al-Kursi, frappe ta main sur son épaule droite, puis dis : "Ô Untel, j'accepte Allah comme Seigneur, l'Islam comme religion, Muhammad (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) comme Prophète, et Ali (sur lui la paix) comme l'Imam de son époque. Nomme l'Imam de ton temps."

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8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Sanaa ‘ah who has said the following: “I asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘What should we say when placing a deceased from us in the grave?’ He said to say, ‘O Allah, this is Your servant so and so son of Your servant who has become Your guest and You are the best host. He is in need of Your mercy. O Allah, all we know from him is good. You know his secrets. We are only witnesses about his appearances. O Allah, make the earth spacious on his both sides. Dictate to him the statement of authority (that he needs) and make this day the best of days that he has ever lived. Make this grave the best house where he has ever lived. Place him in the best of what he has ever experienced. Make his entrance spacious, comfort his dread, forgive his sins and do not deprive us of the reward (because of him) and do not make us to go astray thereafter.’”

IsnādUn groupe de nos compagnons de Sahl ibn Ziyad, de Muhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, tous de Ibn Mahbub, d'Abi Ayyub, de Sama'a, a dit: J'ai demandé à Abi Abdullah (sur lui soit la paix): "Que dois-je dire lorsque j'enterre l'un des nôtres?"

[Le contenu principal du hadith]

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9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from more than one person of our people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that a shroud should be cut open from where the head of the deceased is when he is placed in the grave.”

Isnād`Alī ibn Ibrāhīm rapporte de son père, de Ibn Abī 'Umayr, de plusieurs de nos compagnons, de Abī 'Abdillāh (sur lui la paix)...

...qui a dit : "Le linceul se déchire depuis la tête du défunt lorsqu'il est placé dans sa tombe."

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10. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from certain individuals of his people from Aban from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn Sayabah from abu ‘Abd Allah, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You should place the deceased in the grave gently.’”

IsnādHumayd ibn Ziyad, de al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama'ah, de certains de ses compagnons, de Aban, de Abd ar-Rahman ibn Sayyabah, de Abi Abdullah (sur lui la paix) a dit : "Interroge le mort."

Demande au mort une question.

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11. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you place a deceased in the grave say, ‘O Allah [this is] Your servant son of a male servant and a female servant who has become Your guest and You are the best host.’ When you send the body upward from where the feet are to be placed to the place for the head say, ‘(I begin) in the name of Allah, with Allah and according to the tradition of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, (send him) to Your mercy but not to Your punishment. O Allah, make his grave spacious, dictate him the statement of his authority, make him steadfast upon the solid words, protect him and us against the torment of fire.’ When earth is leveled upon him say, ‘O Allah, make the earth spacious on his both sides. Raise his spirit toward the spirits of the believing people in the high places and join him with righteous ones.’”

IsnādUn groupe de nos compagnons de la part d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, d'Othman ibn Isa, de Sama'a, de Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)

Quand tu déposes le mort dans la tombe, dis : "Ô Allah, voici Ton serviteur, fils de Ton serviteur, fils de Ta servante, il est venu à Toi et Tu es le meilleur de ceux chez qui il est accueilli. Quand tu l'as placé du côté des pieds et que tu l'as recouvert, dis : Au nom d'Allah, par Allah, sur la religion du Messager d'Allah (qu'Allah prie sur lui et sur sa famille). Ô Allah, dirige-le vers Ta miséricorde, pas vers Ton châtiment. Ô Allah, élargis-lui sa tombe, donne-lui la certitude et affermis-le avec une parole ferme. Protège-nous, ainsi que lui, du châtiment de la tombe. Quand tu as nivelé la terre sur lui, dis : Ô Allah, éloigne la terre de ses côtés, élève son âme vers les âmes des croyants dans les hauts degrés et réunis-le avec les pieux."