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Chapitre
A Dying Person Observes His Properties, Children and Deeds Just Before His Death
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1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman and a number of our people, from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr and al-Hassan ibn Ali all from abu Jamilah Mufaddal ibn Salih from Jabir from ‘Abd al-‘A’la’ and Ali ibn Ibrahim from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Ibrahim from ‘Abd al-‘A’la’ from Suwayd ibn Ghafalah who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When a child of Adam finds himself in the first day of his next life and the last day of his worldly life, his property, children and deeds are pictured before him. He then turns to his property and says, “By Allah, I was very greedy and stingy about you. In what ways can you help me?” It will say, “All you can do is to take your shroud from me.” He then turns to his children saying, “I loved you, protected you all the time. In what ways can you help me?” They will say, “We can take you to your grave and bury you therein.” He then turns to his deeds and asks, “By Allah, I had very little inclination to perform you and felt burdened because of you. In what ways can you help me now?” His deed will say, “I am your companion in your grave up to the day you will be resurrected, until we both will be brought before your Lord.’” The Imam then said, ‘If he is a friend of Allah, a person, the best of people with fragrance, the best in beauty, and in the best of dresses comes to him and says, “I have brought you the happiness and fragrance of paradise of blessings and you are most welcome.” He will then ask, “Who are you?” The person says, “I am your good deeds. You now move from the worldly life to paradise.” He knows those who wash his body for burial and begs those who carry his coffin to hurry up. When he is placed in his grave, two angels will come with their hairs dragging on the ground and tearing the earth with their feet, with thunderous sounds and their eyes like swift lightening. They will ask, “Who is your Lord? What is your religion and who is your prophet?” He will reply, “Allah is my Lord, Islam is my religion and Muhammad, O Allah grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, is my prophet.” The two angels will then say, “May Allah keep you steadfast in what you love and are happy therewith.” This is a reference to the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “Allah keeps the believers steadfast in the unchanging words, in this world and in the next life” (14:26). The two angels then open up his grave as far as his eyes can see, and a door to paradise and then say to him, “Rest delightfully like a blessed young person,” because Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, “People of paradise, on that day will have the best station and resting place” (25:26). The Imam then said, ‘If he is an enemy of his Lord, Allah’s ugliest creatures with the ugliest dress, appearance and smell will come to him and say, “Your place is boiling water and to suffer heat.” He knows people who wash his body for burial and begs those who carry his body to his grave to hold him back. When he is placed in his grave, the two examiners will come to him, remove his shroud away and ask him, “Who is your Lord? What is your religion and who is your prophet?” He will say, “I do not know.” They will say, “You did not know and you never had any guidance.” They will strike him at the front part of his head with a crashing hammer that they carry. The sound of this strike will frighten all creatures of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, except man and Jinn. They then open a door to hell for him and say to him, “Lie down here in worst condition, due to lack of space, as if squeezed like the iron spike into the tip of spears.” It will force his brain to squirt out of his toe and fingernails through the tissues of his flesh. Allah then gives his control to the snakes, scorpions and the creatures of earth that keep biting him until Allah will resurrect him from his grave. He will wish for the coming of the Day of Judgment because of suffering in his wicked condition.’” Jabir has said that abu Ja‘far has said that the Holy Prophet has said, ‘When watching the camels and sheep graze, before being commissioned as a prophet - there is no prophet who did not shepherd sheep - 1 could see them, while in safe and protected place and nothing around them, suddenly become excited and jump around frightened. I would say, “What is this strange phenomenon?” Once, Jibril (Gabriel) told me that when an unbeliever in his grave is struck on his head by the interrogating angels, all creatures of Allah, except man and Jinn, hear the sound of that (horrifying) strike and become frightened. I then said, “This is because of only one strike on the head of a disbeliever. I seek refuge with Allah against the (rest of the) torments in the grave.’””
IsnādChaîne de transmission
L'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Certes, lorsque l'homme se trouve entre le dernier jour de ce monde et le premier jour de l'au-delà, sa richesse, ses enfants et ses actions lui sont présentés. Il se tourne alors vers sa richesse et dit : Par Allah, j'étais très attaché à toi, avare envers toi, que me restes-tu ? Sa richesse répond : Prends de moi ton linceul. Ensuite, il se tourne vers ses enfants et dit : Par Allah, j'étais aimant envers vous, protecteur envers vous, que me restez-vous ? Ses enfants répondent : Nous te conduirons à ta tombe, nous t'éclairerons dedans. Ensuite, il se tourne vers ses actions et dit : Par Allah, j'étais détaché de toi, même si tu étais lourd sur moi, que me restes-tu ? Ses actions répondent : Je suis ton compagnon dans ta tombe et le jour de ta résurrection, jusqu'à ce que moi et toi soyons présentés devant ton Seigneur. S'il a été un allié de Dieu, il sera accueilli avec la meilleure odeur parmi les gens, avec l'apparence la plus belle et les cheveux les plus soyeux. On lui dit : Réjouis-toi d'un esprit parfumé, d'un parfum et du jardin des délices, et ta place est la meilleure des places. Il demande : Qui es-tu ? On lui répond : Je suis tes bonnes actions. Quitte ce monde pour le Paradis. Il reconnaît celui qui le lave et implore ceux qui le portent de se dépêcher. Lorsqu'il est placé dans sa tombe, deux anges viennent, tirant leurs cheveux, marchant sur la terre avec leurs pieds, leurs voix comme le tonnerre et leurs regards comme l'éclair. Ils lui demandent : Qui est ton Seigneur ? Quelle est ta religion ? Qui est ton Prophète ? Il répond : Mon Seigneur est Allah, ma religion est l'Islam et mon Prophète est Muhammad (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille). Ils lui disent : Que Dieu te raffermisse dans ce en quoi tu crois et ce avec quoi tu es satisfait. C'est la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il : "Dieu affermit ceux qui croient avec la parole ferme dans la vie d'ici-bas et dans l'au-delà." Puis, ils lui élargissent sa tombe, lui donnent la vision, ouvrent une porte vers le Paradis et lui disent : Repose en paix, comme le repos de la jeunesse douce. Car Allah dit : "Les habitants du Paradis, ce jour-là, seront dans une occupation meilleure et auront une demeure plus belle." S'il était un ennemi de son Seigneur, il lui sera présenté la pire créature que Dieu ait créée en apparence et en odeur. On lui dit : Réjouis-toi d'un séjour dans l'eau bouillante et d'un feu brûlant. Il reconnaît celui qui le lave et implore ceux qui le portent de le retenir. Lorsqu'il est placé dans sa tombe, deux anges viennent, lui retirent ses habits et lui demandent : Qui est ton Seigneur ? Quelle est ta religion ? Qui est ton Prophète ? Il répond : Je ne sais pas. Ils lui disent : Tu ne sais pas et tu n'as pas été guidé. Alors, ils le frappent violemment avec une masse, accompagnée d'une force telle que chaque créature entend sa voix, à l'exception des deux poids. Ensuite, ils lui ouvrent une porte vers le Feu et lui disent : Dors dans un état de misère, où tu ressentiras une oppression semblable à celle de la paille dans le moulin, jusqu'à ce que son cerveau jaillisse entre ses ongles et sa chair. Dieu lui soumet alors les bêtes sauvages, les scorpions et les serpents de la terre pour le tourmenter, jusqu'à ce que Dieu le ressuscite de sa tombe. Il
2. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Bashir al-Dahhan from abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from Yunus from abu Jamilah from Jabir, abu Ja’far from Jabir ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said that when an enemy of Allah is taken to his grave, he keeps saying to those who carry his coffin, ‘Why do you not listen to me, O my brethren, I complain before you about what has happened to me, one of your wicked brethren. The enemy of Allah (Satan) deceived me. He placed me in trouble but did not help me to escape. He swore before me that he was my good advisor but betrayed me. I complain before you against the worldly attractions that made me a conceited person, so much so that I felt satisfied with them; they destroyed me. I complain before you against friends of worldly desires who promised me great favors, but then denounced and betrayed me. I complain before you against my children whom I protected and gave preference over my own self, who consumed my properties but abandoned me. I complain before you against the properties from which I did not pay Allah’s dues and the responsibility for which was left upon me, but its profits went to the others. I complain before you against the house on which I spent all of my earnings, but it became a dwelling of the others. I complain before you against my long stay in my grave from which I hear, “I am a dwelling full of worms, a dwelling which is very dark, frightening and very congested.” O brethren, hold me back as long as you can and avoid facing what I have faced. I have been given the news of my suffering, the heat of fire that burns me, the humiliation and lowliness, and the anger of the Most Majestic, the Almighty Lord. How great is the loss of being careless and unconcerned about Allah and His chosen people! How lengthy is the time of crying and moaning! I have no one whose intercession for me is accepted. I have no friend who may feel pity about me. I wish I had a chance to become one of the believing people.’”
IsnādSahl ibn Ziyad a rapporté de Hasan ibn Ali, de Bashir ad-Dahhan, d'Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui), et Ali ibn Ibrahim de Muhammad ibn Isa, de Yunus, d'Abi Jamilah, de Jabir, d'Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui), de Jabir ibn Abdullah, qui a dit:
Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) a dit: "Quand l'ennemi d'Allah est porté à sa tombe, il appelle ses porteurs: 'Ne m'entendez-vous pas, ô mes frères? Je vous informe de ce qui est arrivé à votre malheureux frère. L'ennemi d'Allah m'a trompé, m'a fait descendre dans la tombe, puis ne m'a pas laissé sortir. Il m'a juré qu'il était sincère envers moi, puis m'a trahi. Je vous informe que ce monde m'a trompé, jusqu'à ce que je me sois reposé en lui, puis il m'a trahi. Je vous informe que mes compagnons de passion m'ont flatté, puis se sont dissociés de moi, m'ont abandonné. Je vous informe que mes enfants que j'ai protégés et pour qui j'ai sacrifié pour eux, ont mangé mon argent, m'ont trahi et se sont convertis. Je vous informe de l'argent que j'ai détourné du droit d'Allah, son châtiment m'a atteint, et son bénéfice est pour un autre. Je vous informe de la maison sur laquelle j'ai dépensé ma vie, et maintenant d'autres y habitent. Je vous informe de la longueur de la demeure dans ma tombe, où il est crié: 'Je suis la maison des vers, je suis la maison des ténèbres, de la solitude et de l'angoisse, ô mes frères! Retenez-moi autant que vous le pouvez et craignez ce que j'ai rencontré, car j'ai été averti du feu, de l'humiliation, des petits, de la colère du Puissant, du Tout-Puissant. Oh, quelle perte pour ce que j'ai négligé du côté d'Allah! Oh, quelle longue période! Je n'ai ni intercesseur à qui on obéit, ni ami qui me montre de la compassion. Si seulement j'avais une autre chance, je serais parmi les croyants."
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Jabir from abu Ja‘far ‘Alayhi al- Salam, a similar Hadith with the following addition: “He continues pleading (and crying) until he is placed in his grave. When he is placed in his grave, his spirit is then returned to his body and the two angels come to his grave and examine him.” “The narrator has that abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would weep whenever this Hadith was mentioned.”
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya a rapporté de Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, de Amr ibn Uthman, de Jabir, de Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)
Un homme comme lui et a ajouté : "Celui qui ne cesse pas de réciter jusqu'à ce qu'il entre dans sa tombe, lorsque sa fosse est refermée, son âme est ramenée dans son corps et les anges de la tombe viennent l'interroger." Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) pleurait lorsqu'il mentionnait ce hadith.
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from ‘Amr ibn Shimr from Jabir who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘We do not know how to deal with people. If we tell them that we have heard (such and such Hadith) from the Messenger of Allah, they laugh, and to remain silent (to neglect our mission) is not possible for us.’ The narrator has said that Damrah ibn Ma‘bad then said, ‘You then should narrate to us (of such) Ahadith.’ The Imam, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said, ‘Do you know what an enemy of Allah says when his body is placed on the stretcher?’ We replied, ’No, we do not know.’ The Imam then said, ’He says to those who carry his coffin, “Why is it that you do not listen to my complaints against Allah’s enemy who deceived me in taking me to wickedness and then did not help me to escape there-from? I complain before you against those with whom I established brotherly relations but they all betrayed me. I complain before you against the children whom I protected all the time but they also abandoned me. I complain before you against the house upon which I spent all my earnings but other people began to dwell therein. Please be kind and gentle to me and do not rush me up to my grave.’” Damrah then said, ’O abu al-Hassan, if this man can say such things, he then may almost stand up on the shoulders of those who carry him.’ The narrator has said that Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said, ‘O Allah, if Damrah has made fun of Hadith of the Messenger of Allah, then hold him like an angry person does.’ The narrator has said that after forty days he died. He had a servant who after his burial came to Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. He sat next to the Imam who asked, ‘Wherefrom are you coming O so and so?’ He replied, ’I have come from the burial of Damrah. I placed my face over him (his grave) when he was buried and I heard his voice which I recognized. It was just as I knew it was in his lifetime. I heard him saying, “Woe is upon you, O Damrah ibn Ma’bad. Today all friends have abandoned you and your destination has become hell, wherein is your dwelling, a place of rest at night and in the morning.” The narrator has said that Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said, ‘I plead before Allah for safety. Such is the recompense for those who make fun of the Ahadith of the Messenger of Allah.’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim a rapporté de Muhammad ibn Isa, de Yunus, d'Amr ibn Shimr, de Jabir, qui a dit : Ali ibn al-Hussein (que la paix soit sur eux) a dit : "Nous ne savons pas comment agir envers les gens. Si nous leur parlons de ce que nous avons entendu du Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui), ils rient, et si nous restons silencieux, ils ne nous laissent pas tranquilles." Il a dit : "Dhamra ibn Ma'bad nous a rapporté, et a dit : 'Savez-vous ce que l'ennemi d'Allah dit quand il est porté sur son lit ?' Nous avons dit : 'Non.' Il a dit : 'Il dit à sa femme : Ne réalises-tu pas que je me plains à vous de l'ennemi d'Allah qui m'a trompé et m'a laissé tomber, puis ne m'a pas soutenu, et je me plains à vous de mes frères et sœurs que j'ai protégés mais qui m'ont abandonné, et je me plains à vous de mes enfants que j'ai élevés mais qui m'ont délaissé, et je me plains à vous d'une maison dans laquelle j'ai dépensé ma vie mais ses habitants sont maintenant étrangers pour moi. Ayez pitié de moi et ne soyez pas impatients.'"
Ali ibn al-Hussein (que la paix soit sur eux) a dit : "Ô Allah, si Dhamra se moque du hadith du Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui), prends-le avec une prise douloureuse." Il est resté quarante jours, puis est décédé. Un de ses esclaves était présent lors de son décès. Lorsqu'il fut enterré, Ali ibn al-Hussein (que la paix soit sur eux) vint s'asseoir près de sa tombe et lui demanda d'où il venait. Il répondit : "De l'enterrement de Dhamra." J'ai posé mon visage sur lui lorsqu'il a été recouvert, et j'ai entendu sa voix. Par Allah, je le reconnaissais comme je le connaissais, et il était vivant, disant : 'Malheur à toi, ô Dhamra ibn Ma'bad, aujourd'hui chaque ami t'a abandonné et ta destination est l'Enfer, où tu résideras et demeureras.' Ali ibn al-Hussein (que la paix soit sur eux) a dit : "Je demande à Allah la protection. Voilà la rétribution pour celui qui se moque du hadith du Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui)."