Les Heures de la Prière du Maghrib et de l'Isha'

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid and al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn al-‘Urwah from Burayd ibn Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘When the redness disappears from this side, that is, from the east, it is proof that it is sunset in the east and west.’”

Quand la rougeur disparaît de ce côté-ci, c'est-à-dire de l'est, alors le soleil s'est couché à l'est de la terre et à l'ouest.

3. Ali ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Hassan from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad Who has said the following: "Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Allah has created a barrier of darkness from near the east and has appointed for it an angel. When it is sunset, that angel fills up his hand with it, then faces toward the west, following the brightness and it moves out of his two hands little by little. He passes by until he comes to the west at the time of the disappearance of brightness; then he leaves darkness into darkness, then he returns to the east and, when it is dawn, he spreads his wings and drives the darkness from the east toward the west until he comes in the west at sunrise.’"

Certes, Allah a créé un voile d'obscurité provenant de ce qui suit l'est, et Il a confié cela à un ange. Lorsque le soleil se couche, cet ange rassemble cette obscurité dans sa main, puis il se dirige vers l'ouest en suivant le crépuscule, et il en libère progressivement un peu devant lui. Il avance jusqu'à atteindre l'ouest au moment de la disparition du crépuscule, puis il étend cette obscurité dans l'obscurité. Ensuite, il retourne vers l'est. Lorsque l'aube se lève, il déploie ses ailes et il rassemble l'obscurité de l'est à l'ouest jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne l'ouest au lever du soleil.

4. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Isa from ibn abu ’Umayr from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: "Abu ’Abd Allah has said, ‘The disappearance of the disk (the sun), the necessary time to discontinue fasting is when facing its direction and the disappearance of the redness that rise from the east upon its reaching overhead toward the west at such time fasting is discontinued; the (disappearance of the disk (sunset) has taken place.’”

Le moment de la chute du disque (solaire) et de l'obligation de rompre le jeûne est lorsque tu te lèves avec les chaussures de la qibla et que tu cherches la rougeur qui s'élève de l'est, et quand elle atteint le sommet de la tête du côté de l'ouest, alors le jeûne est obligatoire et le disque (solaire) se couche.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: "Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ’It is time of al-Maghrib when the disc disappears, (sunset takes place). If you see the disc latter when you have already performed Salah (prayer), you must perform Salah (prayer) again, continue fasting, avoid eating if you have taken anything of food.’”

`Le moment de la prière du Maghrib est lorsque le disque solaire disparaît. Si tu le vois après cela et que tu as déjà prié, alors refais ta prière, continue ton jeûne et arrête de manger si tu en as consommé quelque chose.`

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn Isa from Yunus from Yazid ibn Khalifah who has the following “I once said to abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that ’Umar ibn Hanzalah has reported something from you about the timing. Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘Rest assured, he does not forge untrue reports from us.’ I said that he has said, ’It is the time of sunset when the disk disappears (sunset takes place) except that the Messenger of Allah when tired on a journey delayed al-Maghrib and performed both of them together with al-‘Isha’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He has spoken the truth.’ He (the Imam) said that the time of al-‘Isha’ is from when brightness disappears, up to one-third of the night and the time for dawn Salah (prayer) is from when it is clear up till the rays come out.’”

Ce hadith met en lumière la pratique du Prophète Muhammad (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) de retarder le coucher du soleil lorsqu'il était en voyage, et de définir les moments du dîner et de l'aube selon des repères spécifiques.

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘It is time for al-Maghrib Salah (prayer) when it is sunset and its (sun’s) disc disappears.’”

J'ai entendu dire qu'au moment du coucher du soleil, lorsque son disque disparaît.

8. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zayd al-Shahham who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the time of al-Maghrib. He (the Imam) said that Jibril brought to the Holy prophet, two timings for every Salah (prayer) except al-Maghrib Salah (prayer). The time for al-Maghrib is when it becomes obligatory.’”

J'ai demandé à Aba Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) sur le moment de la prière du Maghrib. Il a dit: Certes, l'Ange Gabriel (que la paix soit sur lui) est venu au Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) pour chaque prière en deux temps, sauf pour la prière du Maghrib, car son temps est unique et son obligation est unique.

9. He has narrated it from Zurarah and al-Fudayl who have said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘For every Salah (prayer) there are two timings except al- Maghrib; its timing is one and it is the time when it becomes obligatory. It ends with the disappearance of al-Shafaq (redness in the west).”’ “It is also narrated that there are two timings for al-Maghrib and it ends with the disappearance of al- Shafaq (redness). It does not disagree with the previous Hadith that says it has one time; because al- Shafaq is the redness. The time between sunset and disappearance of al-Shafaq is not very long. The sign of sunset is when redness reaches past one’s overhead when facing the direction of sunset, and it is a short time. The time between the reaching of the redness in the western horizon and its disappearance is not more than a time that takes one to complete al-Maghrib Salah (prayer) and its Nawafil (optional) Salah (prayer), if they are performed comfortably. I have examined it many times and for this reason the timing for al-Maghrib is narrow.”

Chaque prière a deux moments, sauf celle du Maghrib. Car son moment est unique, son obligation est au moment de sa disparition, et son retard est la négligence de la prière. Il a également été rapporté qu'elle a deux autres moments, et son retard est la négligence de la prière. Cela ne contredit pas le premier hadith, car elle a un seul moment, car le crépuscule est la rougeur et il n'y a qu'une petite période entre la disparition du soleil et celle du crépuscule. C'est parce que le signe de la disparition du soleil est l'atteinte de la rougeur de la qibla, et il n'y a qu'une petite période entre l'atteinte de la rougeur de la qibla et sa disparition, environ le temps qu'une personne met pour prier la prière du Maghrib et ses prières sur une natte en restant tranquille. J'ai vérifié cela à plusieurs reprises, et c'est pourquoi le moment du Maghrib est devenu court.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Faddal who has said the following: “Ali ibn Asbat once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when we were listening, about the brightness if it is redness or whiteness. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the redness; in the case of the condition of whiteness, it (virtuous time for al-Maghrib) remains up to one third of the night.’”

Si c'était blanc, cela durerait jusqu'au tiers de la nuit.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Hajjal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from ‘Imran ibn Ali al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about when al-‘Atmah (al-‘Isha’) becomes obligatory? He (the Imam) said, ‘When al-Shafaq (redness) disappears. Al-Shafaq is the redness.’ ‘Ubayd Allah then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, after the disappearance of redness there remains a strong light visible.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘Brightness (al-Shafaq) is the redness and light (or rays) are not from al-Shafaq.’”

J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Quand est-ce que l'obscurité de la nuit devient obligatoire ?" Il a répondu : "Quand le crépuscule disparaît et que le crépuscule rougeâtre s'estompe." 'Ubaydullah a dit : "Que Dieu te réforme, certes, après la disparition du crépuscule rougeâtre, il reste une lumière intense qui s'étend." Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Le crépuscule, c'est en effet le rougeâtre, et la lumière n'en fait pas partie."

12. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn ‘Urwah from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When it is sunset, it is time for two Salah (prayer) except that this is before that.’”

Lorsque le soleil se couche, le temps de deux prières est entré, à l'exception que celle-ci (la première) est avant celle-là (la seconde).

13. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban from abu Basir from who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘If it was not because of al-Shafaq (bright redness), I would have delayed al-‘Isha’ Salah (prayer) up till passing of one-third of night.’” It is also narrated, “up till midnight.’”

Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) a dit : "Si je ne voulais pas imposer une difficulté à ma communauté, j'aurais retardé l'Isha' jusqu'au tiers de la nuit." Il a aussi été rapporté jusqu'à la moitié de la nuit.

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Salmah ibn al-Khattab from Muhammad ibn al-Walid from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Umar ibn Yazid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The time for al-Maghrib Salah (prayer) on a journey remains until passing of one-fourth of the night.’”

"Le moment de la prière du Maghrib pendant le voyage est jusqu'au quart de la nuit."

15. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn al-Rayyan who has said the following: “I once wrote to the man (the Imam) ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and asked about a man who is within the house. The walls do not allow him to see the redness in the west to find about al-Shafaq (redness) and the time for al-‘Isha’ al-Akhirah. When must he perform Salah (prayer) and what should he do? He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, signed the answer that said, ‘He performs it (al-‘Isha’) when on this side, stars appear and al-Maghrib when just few stars appear. The clarity of sunset is from the appearance of few stars until their clearly becoming visible.’”

[Traduction complète du hadith en français si l'isnad n'est pas clairement identifiable]

16. Ali ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Hassan have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ’Isma‘il ibn Mehran who has said the following: “I once, wrote to al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, to ask a question. ‘Our people have said that when the sun declines toward the west at noontime, it is the time of al-Dhuhr and al-‘Asr Salah (prayers). When it is sunset it is time of al-Maghrib and al-‘Isha’ al-Akhirah Salah (prayers) except that this is before this. It is the same for one at home or on a journey and the time of al-Maghrib remains until passing of one-fourth of night.’ He (the Imam) wrote to me, ‘That is how the timing is, except that the time of al- Maghrib is short and its end is when redness disappears, turning to whiteness in the western horizon.’”

[votre traduction du contenu principal du hadith]