Règles concernant la prière (Salah) avec un vêtement impur, que l'on en ait connaissance ou non

3. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from abu Sa‘id al-Mukariy from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, or abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You are not required to perform your Salah (prayer) again, because of blood that you did not see except that which is from Hayd (menses), a small amount or otherwise, you see it or not are all the same.’”

La prière ne doit pas être répétée à cause de taches de sang que l'on n'a pas vues, sauf le sang des menstrues, car qu'il soit en petite ou grande quantité sur le vêtement, qu'on le voie ou non, cela est équivalent.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from certain persons of who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If your clothes come in contact with wine or intoxicating al-Nabidh (a kind of wine), you must wash it, if you know the area but if you do not know the area then wash all of that cloth and if you have performed Salah (prayer) with it perform it again.’”

...qui a dit : "Si ton vêtement est touché par du vin ou une boisson enivrante, lave-le. Si tu connais l'endroit touché, lave cette partie. Si tu ne le connais pas, lave-le entièrement. Et si tu as prié avec ce vêtement, refais ta prière."

5. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Khayran al-Khadim who has said the following: “I once wrote to the man, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, asking him about clothes which come in contact with wine and flesh of pig, if I can perform Salah (prayer) wearing such cloth or not. Our people have differences on the issue. Certain ones say, ‘You can perform Salah (prayer) with it because only drinking is unlawful.’ Certain others say, ‘You must not perform Salah (prayer) wearing them.’ He (the Imam) wrote, ‘You must not perform Salah (prayer) wearing them: it is rijs (filthy).’ I then asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about someone who borrows clothes from one whom he knows consumes al- Jirry (scale-less fish) or drinks wine. He then returns what he has borrowed. Can he perform Salah (prayer) wearing them before washing? He (the Imam) said, ‘He does not perform Salah (prayer) wearing them before washing.’”

J'ai écrit à l'Imam (que la paix soit sur lui) pour lui demander au sujet d'un vêtement touché par du vin ou de la viande de porc, s'il est permis d'y prier ou non. Certains parmi nos compagnons divergent à ce sujet. Certains disent de prier avec, car Dieu n'a interdit que sa consommation, tandis que d'autres disent de ne pas prier avec, et l'Imam (que la paix soit sur lui) a écrit : "Ne prie pas avec, car c'est impur." J'ai également demandé à Abū 'Abdillāh (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet de celui qui prête son vêtement à quelqu'un sachant qu'il consomme de la gélatine ou boit du vin, s'il peut prier avec avant de le laver. Il a répondu : "Il ne doit pas prier avec tant qu'il ne l'a pas lavé."

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs two Rak‘at Salah (prayer) wearing clothes in which one has experienced sexual relation, then he comes to know it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform it from the beginning.’ He (the narrator) has said that he then asked him (the Imam) about one who performs Salah (prayer) wearing clothes in which sexual relation is experienced or there is blood in it. He completes his Salah (prayer) then he comes to know it. He (the Imam) said, ‘His Salah (prayer) is passed. He is not required to perform it again.”’

Concernant un homme qui a prié en portant un vêtement impur, dans lequel il y avait une impureté, deux unités de prière, puis s'en est rendu compte, il a dit qu'il devrait recommencer sa prière. On lui a demandé à propos d'un homme qui a prié avec un vêtement impur ou taché de sang jusqu'à ce qu'il ait terminé sa prière, puis s'en est rendu compte, il a dit que sa prière était passée et qu'il n'avait rien à faire.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from Sayf from Mansur al- Sayqal who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who experiences sexual relation during the night and takes Ghusl (bath). In the morning finds semen in his clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘All praise belongs to Allah who has not left anything without a limit. If he gets up in the morning and looks but does not find anything, he is not required to perform his Salah (prayer) again, but if he gets up and does not look, he is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again.’”

J'ai dit à l'Imam Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Un homme a été touché par l'émission de sperme pendant la nuit, il a pris un bain rituel, mais le matin, il a remarqué de l'émission de sperme sur son vêtement". Il a dit : "Louange à Allah qui n'a laissé aucune chose sans limite. S'il a regardé au moment de se lever et n'a rien vu, il n'a pas à refaire le bain rituel. Mais s'il n'a pas regardé au moment de se lever, il doit refaire le bain rituel".

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: I once asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who finds blood in clothes of his brother while he is performing Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘He is not required to inform him until he completes his Salah (prayer) again.’”

J'ai demandé à l'Imam (as) à propos d'un homme qui voit du sang sur le vêtement de son frère pendant la prière, il a dit : "Il ne doit pas faire l'adhan jusqu'à ce qu'il parte."

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who finds semen or blood in his clothes. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he learns before performing Salah (prayer) that there is semen in his clothes, then performs Salah (prayer) in it without washing; he is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again, but if he did not know, he is not required to perform his Salah (prayer) again. If he thinks that something has happened then investigates but does not see anything it is sufficient to pour water on it.’”

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan who has said the following: “I once sent a question to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, through Ibrahim ibn Maymun and told him to ask him (the Imam) about the case of a drop of urine found on one’s thigh but one performs Salah (prayer) and then remembers that he has not washed it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again.’”

Il doit la laver et refaire sa prière.

11. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Fadalah from Aban from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs Salah (prayer) with clothes in which there is feces of human beings or cat or dog, if he is required to perform his Salah (prayer) again. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he did not know he is not required to perform his Salah (prayer) again.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu 'Abd Allah (sur lui la paix) au sujet d'un homme qui prie et qui a sur son habit une impureté provenant d'un être humain, d'un âne ou d'un chien, s'il doit recommencer sa prière. Il a répondu : "S'il ne le savait pas, il n'a pas à la recommencer."

12. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Wash your clothes clean because of urine of all inedible animals.’”

"Lave ton vêtement de toute urine de ce qui n'a pas de viande comestible."

13. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who vomits in his clothes, if he can perform Salah (prayer) in them without washing. He (the Imam) said, ’It is not an offense to do so.’”

J'ai demandé à Abou Abdallah (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'un homme qui vomit sur son habit s'il peut prier avec sans le laver, il a dit : "Il n'y a pas de mal."

14. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali and Ali ibn Muhammad from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Mahziyar who has said the following: “I read in the letter of ’Abd Allah ibn Muhammad to abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, in which he has said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. Zurarah has narrated for abu Ja’far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about wine which pollutes one’s clothes that the two Imam had said, “It is not an offense to perform Salah (prayer) with such clothes. Only drinking wine is unlawful.” People other than Zurarah have narrated from abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. He (the Imam) has said, “If wine or al-Nabidh (a kind of wine) or any intoxicating thing pollutes your clothes, wash if you know the area of contact. If you do not know the area of contact, then wash all of such clothes. If you have performed Salah (prayer) with it perform such Salah (prayer) again.” Please instruct me which one I must follow. He (the Imam) wrote with his signature, “You must follow the words of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam.’”

...qu'il a été rapporté par Zurara d'Abu Ja'far et d'Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) concernant le vin, qu'il tache le vêtement de l'homme, ils ont dit: Il n'y a pas de mal à prier avec, car sa consommation est interdite. Et il a été rapporté par un autre que Zurara d'Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) qu'il a dit: Si ton vêtement est touché par du vin ou du moût, c'est-à-dire une boisson enivrante, lave-le si tu connais l'endroit touché, sinon lave-le entièrement. Et si tu as prié avec, refais ta prière et informe-moi de ce que tu as touché, et il a écrit de sa main: Suis la parole d'Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix).

15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from abu Jamil al-Basriy who have said the following: “Yunus and I were in Baghdad. I walked with him in the market. An owner of beer opened the container of his beer and drops from it came in contact with clothes of Yunus and I saw him depressed until it became Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime). I asked him, ‘O abu Muhammad, do you want to perform Salah (prayer)?’ He said, ‘I do not want to perform Salah (prayer) until I return home and wash this wine from my clothes.’ I then said, ‘Is this your opinion or it is something you narrate.’ He said, ‘Hisham ibn al-Hakam has narrated that he asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about beer. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not drink it; it is unknown wine. If it pollutes your clothes, wash them clean.’”

[Le contenu principal du hadith, sans la chaîne de transmission, concerne la recommandation de ne pas boire de vin inconnu et de laver le vêtement s'il est touché par celui-ci.]

16. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Wasitiy, from al-Qasim al-Sayqal who has said the following: “I once wrote to al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘I make sword sheathing of leather from dead donkeys. My clothes come in contact with it and I perform Salah (prayer) with them. He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, wrote to me, ‘Find other clothes for your Salah (prayer).’ I then wrote to abu Ja’far, the second, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘I would write to your father, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about such and such issues. It became difficult for me and I then began to make them from leather of wild donkeys, properly slaughtered.’ He (the Imam) wrote to me, ‘All good deeds require patience, I pray to Allah to grant you blessings. If what you do is from wild ones and properly slaughtered, then it is not harmful.’”

J'ai écrit au Réda (que la paix soit sur lui) disant : "Je fabrique des fourreaux d'épées avec des peaux de chevaux morts, ce qui tache mes vêtements, puis je prie avec ces vêtements." Il (que la paix soit sur lui) me répondit : "Prends un habit pour ta prière." J'ai alors écrit à Abi Ja'far al-Thani (que la paix soit sur lui) que j'avais l'habitude d'écrire à ton père (que la paix soit sur lui) ceci et cela, mais cela m'était devenu difficile. J'ai donc commencé à les fabriquer avec des peaux de chevaux sauvages intelligentes. Il (que la paix soit sur lui) m'a écrit : "Toutes les bonnes actions avec patience. Que Dieu ait pitié de toi. Si ce que tu fabriques est sauvage et intelligent, alors il n'y a pas de problème."