La Vente de Jus et de Vin

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the price of juice before it boiled for one who wanted to buy it so he could cook or make wine out of it. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you sell before it is wine and it is lawful, then selling is not unlawful.’”

J'ai demandé à Abou Abdallah (que la paix soit sur lui) le prix du jus avant qu'il ne fermente pour celui qui l'achète pour le cuisiner ou en faire du vin. Il a dit: "Si tu le vends avant qu'il ne devienne du vin et qu'il est licite, alors il n'y a pas de mal."

4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ibn Muskan from Yazid ibn Khalifah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, disliked selling juice for deferred payment.”

Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) a désapprouvé la vente de jus de fruits avec retard.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Mu‘awiyah ibn Sa‘d who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a Christian man who had become a Muslim and he, in his possession, had wine and pigs and he owed debts; if he could sell the wine and pigs to pay off his debts. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’”

J'ai demandé à l'Imam Riḍā (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'un chrétien converti à l'islam, possédant du vin et des porcs, et ayant une dette, s'il peut vendre son vin et ses porcs pour rembourser sa dette. Il a répondu : "Non".

6. Safwan has narrated from ibn Muskan from Muhammad al-Halabiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about selling grape juice to one who turned it into something unlawful. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if you sell when it is lawful then he turns it into unlawful; may Allah keep him away and remotely distanced.’”

J'ai interrogé Abû 'Abdillah (sur lui la paix) à propos de la vente du jus de raisin par quelqu'un qui le déclare illicite. Il a répondu : "Il n'y a aucun mal à le vendre licitement, mais s'il le déclare illicite, alors qu'Allah l'éloigne et le maudisse."

7. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban from abu Ayyub who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘A man asks his slave to sell his grapes as grape juice but he sells it as wine; then brings the price to him.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The most beloved thing to me in this case is to give it (price) as charity.’”

J'ai dit à Abi Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) : Un homme a ordonné à son esclave de vendre son vignoble pour du jus de raisin, mais il l'a vendu pour du vin, puis il est venu avec le prix. Il a dit : Ce que j'aime le plus, c'est de faire l'aumône avec son prix.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ‘Udhaynah who has said the following: “I once wrote to ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and asked about the case of a man who had a vineyard; if he could sell grapes and dates to someone who made wine or sugar out of them. He (the Imam) said, ‘He has sold it as lawful when drinking, eating was lawful, thus it is not unlawful.’”

J'ai écrit à Abu Abdallah (sur lui la paix) lui demandant au sujet d'un homme qui possède des vignes et des palmiers-dattiers et qui les vend à quelqu'un qu'il sait les transformer en vin ou en boisson enivrante. Il a répondu : Il ne les vend que pour ce qu'ils sont clairement, dont la consommation ou la nourriture est licite, donc il n'y a pas de mal à les vendre.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “About the case of a man to whom another man owes a certain amount of dirham who sells wine or pig when he (the creditor) is looking, then pays him from such funds. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful. For the creditor it is lawful and for the seller it is unlawful.’”

Concernant un homme qui avait une dette envers un autre homme en dirhams, puis il vendit du vin ou des porcs en attendant. Il l'a payée, et il a dit : Il n'y a pas de mal en cela, pour le débiteur c'est licite et pour le vendeur c'est illicite.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from Mansur who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘A non-Muslim taxpayer owes to me a certain amount of dirham. He sells wine and pig when I am present; if it is lawful for me to take it. He (the Imam) said, ‘All he owes you are dirhams, and he has paid you dirhams.’”

J'ai dit à Abi Abdullah (sur lui la paix) : "J'ai sur un homme dhimmi des dirhams, il vend du vin et du porc et je suis présent, est-il permis pour moi de les prendre ?" Il répondit : "Tu n'as que des dirhams sur lui, alors utilise tes dirhams."

11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn ‘Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who owed me a certain amount of dirham with which he sold wine and pigs and with such business he paid me back. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful’ or that he (the Imam) said, ‘You can take it.’”

Dans l'homme qui possède des pièces d'argent qu'il utilise pour acheter du vin et du porc, puis il les vend, il a été dit : "Il n'y a pas de mal" ou "Prends-les".

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Isma’il ibn Bazi’ from Hanan from abu Kahmas who has said the following: “A man once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about juice saying, ‘I have a vineyard. ‘Every year I squeeze juice and keep it in a large container, then sell it before it boils. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful but if it boils then selling is not lawful.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘We sell our dates knowing that they make wine out of it.’”

Il est noble pour moi, je le presse chaque année, le mets dans un récipient et le vends avant qu'il ne fermente. Il n'y a pas de mal à cela, mais s'il fermente, il n'est pas permis de le vendre. C'est comme si nous vendions nos dattes à quelqu'un que nous savons les transformer en vin.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus who has said the following: “About the case of a of Zoroastrian man who sold wine or pigs for an appointed time, then became a Muslim before due time for payment, he (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘He can have his dirhams.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If one becomes a Muslim and owns wine and pigs, then dies while they are in his possession, and he owes a certain amount of debts, his creditor or guardian can sell his wine and pigs to non-Muslims to pay off his debts; but in his life time he cannot sell or keep them.’”

Dans un hadith rapporté par Ali ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ismaïl ibn Marar, de Younus, concernant un mazdéen qui vendit du vin ou des porcs pour une période déterminée, puis se convertit avant que la transaction ne soit conclue. L'acheteur lui dit : "Voici ton argent". Il répondit : "Si un homme se convertit alors qu'il possède du vin et des porcs, puis meurt tout en les possédant et en ayant une dette, son créancier peut vendre ses biens à un non-musulman, lui remettre ses dettes, sans qu'il ne puisse les vendre de son vivant ni les retenir."

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a Christian man who became a Muslim and had wine and pigs and owed debts; if he could sell his wine and pigs to pay off his debts. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’”

J'ai demandé à l'Imam Ridha (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Un chrétien se convertit à l'islam, mais il possède du vin et des porcs, et il a une dette. Peut-il vendre son vin et ses porcs et rembourser sa dette ?" Il a répondu : "Non."