Chapitre 126(b) - Louer (Qabala) des terres pour l'agriculture en échange d'un certain pourcentage de la récolte

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar from abu al-Sabbah who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘When the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, liberated Khaybar he left it in their hand for half. When fruits ripened he (the Messenger of Allah) delegated ‘Abd Allah ibn Rawahah who estimated the value and they came to the Holy Prophet, and said, ‘He has charged us more.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) sent someone to ask ‘Abd Allah if there was reason for which they complained. He replied, ‘I estimated and they can take or we take it.’ A Jewish man then said, ‘This is (justice) the fact upon which the skies and earth are maintained.’”

Un certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Ahmad ibn Muhammad et Sahl ibn Ziyad, de Al-Hasan ibn Mahboub, de Muawiya ibn Ammar, d'Abu As-Sabbah, qui a dit : J'ai entendu Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) dire : Le Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) lorsqu'il a conquis Khaybar, l'a laissée entre leurs mains à moitié. Lorsque les fruits ont mûri, Abdullah ibn Rawaha a été envoyé vers eux. Il les a menacés et ils sont venus voir le Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) en disant : Il a augmenté notre charge. Il a envoyé Abdullah et a demandé : Que disent-ils ? Il a répondu : Je les ai menacés d'une chose. S'ils veulent, ils peuvent accepter ce avec quoi je les ai menacés, et s'ils veulent, nous le prendrons. Un homme parmi les Juifs a dit : Par cela, les cieux et la terre se sont ébranlés.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Land cannot be accepted for specified wheat, however, it is accepted for one-half, one-third, one-fourth or one-fifth.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Sharecropping for one-third, one for-fourth or one-fifth is not unlawful.’”

قَالَ لا تُقَبِّلِ الأرْضَ بِحِنْطَةٍ مُسَمَّاةٍ وَلَكِنْ بِالنِّصْفِ وَالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالْخُمُسِ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِالْمُزَارَعَةِ بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَالْخُمُسِ.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al- Nadr ibn Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “About the case of a man who works in sharecropping, cultivates the land of another man and says, ‘One third for the bulls, one-third for the seed and one-third for the land’, he (the Imam) Alayhi al- Salam, has said, ‘Things like bulls, seeds and so on must not be mentioned, instead he must say, “You must cultivate so and so items, if you want for one-half or if you want for one-third.’””

Concernant l'homme qui plante des cultures sur la terre d'autrui et qui dit : un tiers pour le bétail, un tiers pour les graines et un tiers pour la terre, il ne doit pas spécifier quoi que ce soit parmi les graines et le bétail, mais il doit dire : plante ceci et cela si tu veux la moitié, et si tu veux un tiers.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from ibn Muskan from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who cultivated the land of another man; if he could set the condition of one-third for the seed, one- third for the bull. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not proper to mention seed or bull. It is statement that makes it unlawful.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu 'Abdillah (sur lui la paix) au sujet d'un homme qui cultive la terre d'un autre et qui stipule pour le semis un tiers et pour les bêtes un tiers. Il a dit : Il ne convient pas de nommer ni le semis ni les bêtes, car cela rend la parole illicite.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the case of a man who cultivated a land with the condition of one-third for the seed and one-third for the bull. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not proper to designate anything, because it is statements that makes it unlawful.”’

Il ne convient pas de nommer quoi que ce soit, car le fait de parler rend la chose interdite.