Acompte pour l'achat d'esclaves et d'animaux

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Hamid from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, about the case of a man who gave a note to another man for a servant for an appointed time and his party said, ‘I could not find a servant for you, you take from me the cost of your servant today in the form of the value.’ He (’Amir al- Mu’minin) has said, ‘He can refuse to take anything other than his servant or the note that he had given him at first without any thing added.’”

Le Commandeur des Croyants (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Dans le cas d'un homme qui donne à un autre un écrit de dette avec une échéance fixée, et que son compagnon lui dit : 'Nous ne trouvons pas de garant pour toi, prends de moi la valeur de ta dette aujourd'hui en échange de ton écrit', il ne doit prendre que sa garantie ou l'écrit qu'il a donné la première fois, sans y ajouter quoi que ce soit."

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Advance payment to buy an animal is not unlawful if the age of animals is clearly described.’”

لا بَأْسَ بِالسَّلَمِ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ إِذَا وُصِفَتْ أَسْنَانُهَا.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Advance payment to buy an animals is not unlawful if it (the animal) is clearly made known.’”

Il n'y a pas de mal à saluer un animal si tu lui donnes un nom connu.

5. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from abu Maryam al-Ansariy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that his father would not consider advance payment to buy an animal unlawful for a clearly known merchandise and time.”

Son père ne voyait aucun inconvénient à saluer un animal jusqu'à un moment déterminé.

6. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Qutaybah al-‘A’sha’ who has said the following: “About the case of a man who makes advance payment for sheep of a certain age for an appointed time and the party gives him four years old in place of three years old, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, asked, ‘Is it not true that he has made advance payment for (animals of) known age and on an appointed time? I replied, ‘Yes, that is true.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

Un homme a vendu des moutons avec des dents spécifiées pour un délai spécifié, puis il a donné quatre moutons à la place de deux. Il a été demandé: "N'est-il pas permis de vendre des moutons avec des dents spécifiées pour un délai spécifié?" J'ai répondu: "Si." Il a dit: "Il n'y a pas de problème."

7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from and Ali has narrated from his father all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from abu al-Mighra’ from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the case of a man who made an advance payment for things of clearly described age and color; then the party gave him more or less than the set condition. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is with fine consent it is not unlawful.’”

"S'il provient de ta bonne intention et de la sienne, alors il n'y a pas de mal."

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Once abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the case of a man who made and advance payment to buy sheep of three and less than three years old and others for an appointed time. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if the one who must provide sheep cannot have all that he is responsible for; the buyer can have half, one-third, two-third with the capital of the rest of the sheep in the form of dirhams. They can take below their condition and not above the condition and this applies to sacks of wheat, barley and saffron and sheep also.’”

Il a été interrogé sur un homme qui prend possession de moutons, deux ou trois, et autres, pour une période déterminée. Il a dit : "Il n'y a pas de mal tant que celui à qui appartiennent les moutons ne peut pas prendre tout ce qui lui est dû, que le propriétaire des moutons en prenne la moitié, ou le tiers, ou les deux tiers, et qu'ils prennent le reste du capital des moutons en dirhams, sans condition, sans prendre plus que ce qui est dû, et les agneaux sont également comme le blé, l'orge, le safran et les moutons."

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who made an advance payment for things of clearly described age and appointed time and not clearly described ages; then he was given below the condition. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is with fine consent from him and from you it is not unlawful.’ I then asked about a man who made an advance payment to buy sheep of three years and less than three years and others for an appointed time. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ ‘In case he cannot provide all of them, can he ask the party to accept half or one-third and take back the capital for the remaining sheep in the form of dirhams?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful but they must not take up his condition without fine consent of the owner.’”

J'ai demandé à propos d'un homme qui embrasse l'islam avec des brebis connues et inconnues à Wusafa, puis les donne sans condition. Il a répondu : "S'il y a une bonne intention de ta part et de la sienne, alors il n'y a pas de problème." J'ai aussi demandé à propos d'un homme qui prête des brebis, des chèvres et autres pour un temps déterminé. Il a dit : "Il n'y a pas de problème, mais s'il n'est pas capable de tout ce qui lui incombe, il est demandé au propriétaire de prendre la moitié ou le tiers du bétail et de prendre en tête du reste de l'argent qui reste des bêtes en dirhams." Il a dit : "Il n'y a pas de problème et il ne doit pas prendre sans condition, sauf avec la bonne intention du propriétaire."

10. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban from Hadid ibn Hakim who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who bought skins from the butcher to give him every day something clearly known. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

Un homme achète des peaux du boucher et lui donne quelque chose chaque jour de manière connue. Il n'y a pas de mal.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about advance payment to buy animals. He (the Imam) said, ‘The age must be clearly known and the numbers must be made known for the known time, then it is not unlawful.’”

Les dents connues et les dents comptées jusqu'à un terme connu ne posent aucun problème.

12. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from certain persons of his people from Ahmad ibn al-Nadr from ‘Amr ibn Shamir from Jabir who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of advance payment for meat. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must not go close to it because one time he gives you fatty, one time what is about to become spoilled and one time he gives you boney. Buy with examination and in hand in hand manner.’ I then asked about advance payment for containers of water. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must not go close to it because one time he gives you less and one time complete. Buy it with examination; it is safe for you and for him.’”

J'ai demandé à l'Imam Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet de la viande des animaux sacrifiés avant l'islam. Il a dit : "Ne t'en approche pas, car elle te causera une fois de la graisse, une fois de la maladie et une fois de la maigreur. Achète-la pour l'inspection main à main." J'ai également demandé au sujet des eaux stagnantes. Il a dit : "Ne t'en approche pas, car elles te causeront parfois des maladies et parfois la santé. Mais achète-les pour l'inspection, c'est plus sûr pour toi et pour lui."

13. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad al-Hannat who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man saying, ‘He has sheep that milks and the milk is abundant every day, if one can buy from him five hundred Ritl (a certain unit of measurement) or more and every one hundred Ritl for so and so much dirham then every day take certain Ritl until the deal is complete.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful (for this) and similar things.’”

Il répondit: Il n'y a pas de mal en cela et similaire.

14. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from Qutaybah al-’A‘sha’ who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked, when I was present, by a man who said, ‘My brother comes from and goes to the mountains, milks sheep of known age for an appointed time; then he is given four years old in place of three years old.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is it with fine consent of his party?’ he replied, ‘Yes, it is so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

Muhammad ibn Isma'il - Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan - Safwan ibn Yahya - Qutaybah al-Ash'ari a dit: Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) a été interrogé en ma présence. Un homme lui dit: "Mon frère s'engage dans des transactions de prêt en emmenant des moutons à la montagne, les remettant à un terme et recevant le double en retour. Abi Thabitah a une part dans ces transactions." Il répondit: "Cela ne pose pas de problème."