L'Alliance du Saint Prophète avec les Femmes

2. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Ahmad ibn Ishaq from Sa‘dan ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once asked me, ‘Do you know how the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, pledged allegiance with women?’ I replied, ‘Allah knows best and the child of His Messenger knows best.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He (the Messenger of Allah) called them to come together around him (the Messenger of Allah) and asked for a bowl. The place was Baram (near al-Baqi‘). He (the Messenger of Allah) poured water in the bowl just to moisten it and immersed his hand in it, then said, ‘Listen all of you. I pledge allegiance with you with the condition that you will not call anything as partners of Allah, you must not steal, you must not fornicate, you must not kill your children, you must not accuse falsely fabricating all by yourselves and you must not disobey your husbands in lawful matters. Do you confirm and acknowledge?’ They replied, ‘Yes, we confirm.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) then moved his hand from the bowl then said to them, ‘Immerse your hands in the bowl and they also did so. The purified and holy hand of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, must not have touched female hands who were not of his relatives.’”

Sais-tu comment le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sur sa famille) a conclu un pacte avec les femmes ? J'ai dit : Allah est plus savant, et le fils de Son Messager est plus savant. Il les a rassemblées autour de lui, puis il a appelé une cruche d'eau pure, y a versé de l'eau, y a plongé sa main, puis a dit : "Écoutez, ô femmes, je vous prends pour témoins que vous vous engagez à ne rien associer à Allah, à ne pas voler, à ne pas commettre d'adultère, à ne pas tuer vos enfants, à ne pas inventer de mensonges que vous attribuez à vos mains et à vos pieds, à ne pas désobéir à vos époux dans le bien que vous avez accepté." Elles ont répondu : "Oui." Il a retiré sa main de la cruche, puis leur a dit : "Plongez vos mains." Elles l'ont fait, et la main du Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sur sa famille) est plus pure que d'être touchée par la main d'une femme qui n'est pas licite pour lui.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz from a man who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . that they must not disobey you in lawful matters’ (60:13) Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘lawful matters means not to tear one’s shirt, slap one’s face, crying, ‘woe is me’, must not remain behind near the grave, must not blacken clothes and must not spread hairs.’”

"Le bienfait est de ne pas déchirer un vêtement, ni de frapper une joue, ni de maudire en disant 'Woe', ni de rester près d'une tombe, ni de teindre un vêtement en noir, ni de laisser ses cheveux en désordre."

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Salmah ibn al-Khattab from Sulayman ibn Sama‘ah al-Khuza‘iy from Ali ibn ‘Isma’il from ‘Amr ibn abu al-Miqdam who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘Do you know what is the meaning of the words of Allah, ‘. . . that they must not disobey you in lawful matters?’ (60:13) I replied, ‘No, I do not know.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once said to Fatimah, ‘Alayha al-Salam, ‘When I die, you must not cause abrasion to any face, you must not spread for me any hairs, you must not cry ‘woe is me’ and you must not call any gathering to mourn for me.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘This is the lawful matter about which Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has spoken.’”

Ceci est le contenu principal du hadith qui met en avant l'enseignement du Prophète Muhammad (que la prière de Dieu et Sa paix soient sur lui et sa famille) à sa fille Fatima (que la paix soit sur elle) concernant la manière de se comporter lors de son décès.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Aban who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, liberated Makkah men pledged allegiance; then women came to pledge allegiance; and Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, said, ‘O Holy prophet, when believing women come to pledge allegiance with you not to call anything as partner of Allah, not to steal, not to commit fornication, not to kill their children, not to accuse falsely of their own making, must not disobey you in lawful matters, then pledge allegiance with them and ask forgiveness from Allah for them, Allah is forgiving and merciful.’ (60:13) Hind then said, ‘We brought up children from the time they were infants but you killed them when they grew up.’ ‘Umm Hakim daughter of al-Harith ibn Hisham, wife of ‘Ikramah ibn abu Jahl asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, what is that ‘lawful matters’ that Allah has commanded us not to disobey you? He (the Messenger of Allah) replied, ‘You must not slap any face, abrade it, pull out any hair, tear apart front part of a shirt, blacken clothes and you must not cry ‘woe is me’.’ The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, pledged allegiance with them on this and then she said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, how can we pledge allegiance to you?’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘I do not place my hand in the hands of women.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) then asked for a bowl of water and immersed his hand in it and then moved it and told them to immerse their hands in the bowl and that was pledging allegiance.’”

Lorsque le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) a conquis La Mecque, les hommes lui ont prêté allégeance, puis les femmes sont venues lui prêter allégeance. Alors Allah, le Très-Haut, a révélé : "Ô Prophète, lorsque les croyantes viennent te prêter allégeance, [leur] serment d'allégeance [doit être] sur [le fait] qu'elles ne [donnent] aucun associé à Allah, ne volent pas, ne commettent pas d'adultère, ne tuent pas leurs enfants, ne portent pas de calomnie fabriquée de leurs propres mains et pieds, n'obéissent pas à des actes de désobéissance en ce qui est convenable. Donc, accepte leur allégeance, et implore le pardon pour elles de la part d'Allah. Certes, Allah est Pardonneur et Miséricordieux." Hind a dit : "Quant aux enfants, nous les avons élevés petits et tu les as tués grands." Et Umm Hakim bint al-Harith ibn Hisham, qui était avec Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl, a dit : "Ô Messager d'Allah, quelle est cette bonne action pour laquelle Allah nous a ordonné de ne pas te désobéir ?" Il a dit : "Ne pas frapper le visage, ne pas déchirer le visage, ne pas arracher les cheveux, ne pas déchirer les vêtements, ne pas maudire avec le malheur. Alors, le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui et sa famille) les a prises pour allégeance sur cela." Elle a dit : "Ô Messager d'Allah, comment pouvons-nous te prêter allégeance ?" Il a appelé un récipient d'eau et y a plongé sa main, puis l'a retirée et a dit : "Plongez vos mains dans cette eau, c'est l'allégeance."