Responsabilité de la répartition des bénéfices, ses profits et ses dépenses (Al-Mudarabah) — Al-Kāfi - Volume 5

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1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “About the case of a man who gives a certain amount of asset to another man and tells him to go to so and so city and not beyond it then buy from it goods, abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ’If he goes beyond and the asset is destroyed, he is accountable and if he buys goods and it depreciates it is his responsibility; but if it makes profit it is for both parties.’”

IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim rapporte de son père, de Ibn Abi Umeyr, de Hammad, de Al-Halabi, de Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)

qu'il a dit à propos d'un homme qui donne de l'argent à un autre et lui dit : "Viens acheter un terrain tel et tel, ne le dépasse pas, et achète-en." Il a dit : "S'il le dépasse et que l'argent est perdu, il en est responsable. Et s'il achète un bien et y ajoute quelque chose, il en est responsable. Et s'il fait un profit, il est partagé entre eux deux."

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3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Humayd from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ’If one uses a certain amount of assets in business with stipulation for half of the profit, he is not liable.’ He (the Imam) also said, ‘One who holds a merchant responsible he can only have his capital and has no share in the profit.’”

IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ibn Abi Najran, de Aasim ibn Humayd, de Muhammad ibn Qays, de Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)

L'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit: "Celui qui fait du commerce avec de l'argent et stipule la moitié des bénéfices, il n'a pas de garantie. Et celui qui garantit un commerçant, il n'a droit qu'à son capital, sans aucune part des bénéfices."

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4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that about the case of a man who owed a certain amount of assets to another man who demanded it but he did not have it, then told him to keep it as capital for Mudarabah (profit sharing), ’Amir al-Mu’minin, has said, ‘It is not valid until he takes possession.’”

Isnādعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام)

قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي رَجُلٍ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَالٌ فَيَتَقَاضَاهُ وَلا يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ فَيَقُولُ هُوَ عِندَكَ مُضَارَبَةً قَالَ لا يَصْلُحُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ.

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5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja’far from his brother who has said the following: “About the case of Mudarabah (profit sharing) abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Whatever the trading party spends during his journey is from all of the assets, but when he arrives home thereafter whatever he spends is from his own share.’”

IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, de Al-Amraki ibn Ali, de Ali ibn Ja'far, de son frère Abi al-Hasan (sur lui soit la paix)

Il a dit à propos de l'argent dépensé pendant son voyage : "Cela provient de l'ensemble de sa richesse, et une fois qu'il revient dans sa ville, ce qu'il dépense provient de sa part."

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6. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who had a certain amount of assets for Mudarabah (profit sharing) with him but made very little profit; and was afraid of the other party’s taking away the capital, so he paid him more than the amount stipulated, so that he would not take the capital away. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

IsnādHumayd ibn Ziyad - Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama'ah - (transmettant de) plus d'un (compagnon) - Aban ibn Uthman - Ishaq ibn Ammar a dit: J'ai demandé à Aba Abdullah (sur lui la paix) concernant un homme qui fait du commerce avec de l'argent et en tire un profit, puis craint que cela ne lui soit pris, donc son associé augmente sa part selon le contrat qui était entre eux, et il ne fait cela que par crainte que cela ne lui soit pris. Il a dit: Il n'y a pas de mal.

Il n'y a pas de mal à cela.

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7. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “About the case of a man who works for Mudarabah (profit sharing), abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, has said, ‘He can have (his share of) the profit but is not liable for depreciation (loss) unless he violates the instructions of the owner of the assets.”’

IsnādAbu Ali Al-Ash'ari - de Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar - de Muhammad ibn Isma'il - de Ali ibn Nu'man - de Abi al-Sabbah al-Kinanii - de Abi Abdullah (sur lui la paix)

Concernant l'homme qui travaille avec de l'argent en tant que commerçant, le profit lui est permis et il n'a rien à craindre de la légitimité de sa transaction, sauf s'il désobéit à l'un des commandements du propriétaire de l'argent.

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8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn Muyassir who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who gave one thousand dirham to another man for Mudarabah (profit sharing) and he bought his father without knowing. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is appraised, even if a single dirham remains extra (as profit), he is free while it has spread into the assets of the man.’”

Isnād`Alī ibn Ibrāhīm rapporte de son père, de Ibn Abī 'Umayr, de Muḥammad ibn Muyassir, qui a dit : J'ai demandé à Abī 'Abdillāh (sur lui la paix) : "Un homme a donné mille dirhams à un autre en échange d'un esclave, sans savoir que c'était son père. Que doit-il faire ?" Il répondit : "Il doit le libérer, et s'il ajoute un dirham, il doit l'affranchir et s'excuser auprès du propriétaire."

`Ali ibn Ibrāhīm rapporte de son père, de Ibn Abī 'Umayr, de Muḥammad ibn Muyassir, qui a dit : J'ai demandé à Abī 'Abdillāh (sur lui la paix) : "Un homme a donné mille dirhams à un autre en échange d'un esclave, sans savoir que c'était son père. Que doit-il faire ?" Il répondit : "Il doit le libérer, et s'il ajoute un dirham, il doit l'affranchir et s'excuser auprès du propriétaire."

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9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, about Mudarabah (profit sharing), has said, ‘Whatever he spends during his journey is from the whole of the capital, but when he is back home then whatever he spends is from his own share.’”

قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي الْمُضَارِبِ مَا أَنْفَقَ فِي سَفَرِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ وَإِذَا قَدِمَ بَلْدَتَهُ فَمَا أَنْفَقَ فَهُوَ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ.