Mariage des Fanatiques (Ennemi des 'A'immah) et des Sceptiques

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A believer must not marry one who is hostile to ‘A’immah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, and his hostility is well known.’”

Un croyant ne devrait pas se marier avec une femme polythéiste connue pour cela.

4. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Rib’iy from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, if I can marry al-Nasibah (one hostile to ‘A’immah). He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not an honor.’ I then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I just say it but even if she comes to me with a whole house full of dirham I will not do so.’”

Al-Fudayl lui a demandé : "Épousseriez-vous une esclave affranchie ?" Il répondit : "Non, et ce n'est pas une question d'honneur." J'ai dit : "Puissé-je être votre rançon, par Allah, je vous dis cela même si on m'apportait une maison pleine de pièces d'argent, je ne le ferais pas."

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurarah ibn ‘A‘yan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You can marry a skeptic but do not give in marriage to a skeptic; women follow their husband and he compels her into his religion.’”

Épousez des femmes des tribus nobles, et ne mariez pas vos filles à des hommes des tribus basses, car la femme prend de l'éducation de son mari et l'influence sur sa religion.

6. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn Faddal from Ali ibn Ya’qub from Marwan ibn Muslim from al-Husayn ibn Musa al- Hannat from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of the sister of my wife who is of the same belief as we are; but in Basra very few people believe as we do; if we can give her in marriage to those who do not believe as we do. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not a bounty or honor. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, “You must not return them to unbelievers; they (women) are not lawful for them (unbelievers) and they are not lawful for them (women).” (6:10)’”

Ma femme a une sœur qui est connue pour sa beauté à notre égard, mais elle n'est pas connue pour sa beauté à Basra, sauf par quelques-uns. Puis-je la marier à quelqu'un qui ne la voit pas? Il a répondu: "Non, et non plus par la grâce [et la noblesse]. Certes, Allah, Puissant et Majestueux, dit: Ne les renvoyez pas aux mécréants, elles ne sont pas licites pour eux et eux non plus ne sont pas licites pour elles."

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once said to abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I am afraid that my getting married to one who does not believe as I do is not lawful. He (the Imam) said, ‘Your marriage with a simple-minded woman is not unlawful. 5 I then asked, ‘Who is a simple-minded one? He (the Imam) said, ‘They are those who are weak and who are not hostile (to ‘ATmmah) and do not know what you believe in.”’

Ce sont les femmes qui sont les plus faibles parmi celles qui ne sont ni demandées en mariage ni connues par vous.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu Najran from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of al-Nasib (one hostile to ‘A’immah) who is well known for his hostility; if we can give a believing woman in marriage to him. He (the guardian of the believing woman) is capable to disprove his (Nasib’s) belief but he (Nasib) is not able to prove himself right. He (the Imam) said, ‘A believing man must not marry a Nasibah and a believing woman must not be given in marriage to him and a believing woman must not marry a man of weak understanding.’”

Il a dit: "Un croyant ne doit pas marier une nâsibiyah, et un nâsib ne doit pas épouser une croyante, et un faible croyant ne doit pas marier une croyante."

9. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from af-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Faddaf from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from Humran ibn ‘A‘yan who has said the following: “Someone in my family wanted to get married but could not find a suitable Muslimah and I mentioned it to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who said, ‘Why does he not find simple-minded women who do not know anything.’”

Certains membres de sa famille voulaient le marier, mais ne trouvaient pas de femme musulmane appropriée. J'en ai parlé à Abu Abdullah (sur lui soit la paix), qui a dit : "Où es-tu par rapport aux ignorants qui ne connaissent rien ?"

10. AI-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alfa’ ibn Muhammad from af-Hassan ibn Ali af-Washsha’ from Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, I am afraid it is not lawful for me to get married with those who do not believe in the Divine Authority of ‘A’immah. He (the Imam) said, ‘Why do you not marry with one of the simple minded women?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They are who are weak, who are not hostile to ‘A’immah and do not know what you believe in.’”

J'ai dit à Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Qu'Allah te réforme, j'ai peur qu'il ne me soit pas permis d'épouser une femme qui n'est pas libre de son propre choix." Il répondit : "Qu'est-ce qui t'empêche d'épouser des femmes parmi les plus faibles qui ne sont ni demandées en mariage ni connues pour leur statut?"

11. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from af-Hassan ibn Muhammad from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Fudayf ibn Yasar who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about giving in marriage to one hostile to ‘A’immah. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, by Allah, it is not lawful.’ I (Fudayl) then asked him (the Imam) again saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what do you say about their marriage?’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is the woman knowledgeable?’ I replied, ‘Yes, she is knowledgeable.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Knowledgeable lives only with knowledgeable.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) au sujet du mariage des nâsibis. Il a dit: "Non, par Allah, ce n'est pas permis." Puis je l'ai interrogé une autre fois en disant: 'Puisses-tu être sacrifié pour ce que tu en dis!' Il a répondu: 'Et la femme est consciente.' J'ai dit: 'Consciente?' Il a dit: 'La femme consciente ne se marie qu'avec un homme conscient.'

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the marriage of people. ‘I, as you can see, of this age have not married yet.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What holds you back from getting married?’ I replied, ‘The only thing that holds me back is that I am afraid marrying them is not lawful and I wish to see what you command me to do.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘What you want to do and you are young, can you bear patience without it?’ I then asked, ‘Can I find slave-girls?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is fine but how you make them lawful?’ I said, ‘Slaves are not like free people and if a slave-girl causes me to doubt about an issue, I can sell her or stay away from her.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Tell me on what basis you make her lawful.’ He (the narrator) has said, I did not have any answer and I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, instruct me about marriage.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not mind if you get married.’ I then said, ‘Consider your words, “I do not mind if you get married” which may have two meanings: “I do not mind if you sinned without a command from me”, so I asked what is your command? Do you command me to get married?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, married, there was the woman of Nuh and the woman of Lot as Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has stated it, “Allah has given the example of the unbelievers, the woman of Nuh and the woman of Lot who were married to two virtuous ones of our servants but they committed treachery.’” (66:11) I then said, ‘I am not of the position of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. She was in his control and she acknowledged his commands, expressed her belief in his religion.’ ‘O yes, by Allah, in the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “the two committed treachery” do not mean anything else other than . . . The Messenger of Allah married so and so.’ I then asked, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, do you command me to go and marry by your command?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If you want to marry, then marry the simple-minded ones.’ I asked, ‘Who are simple minded ones?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They are those who maintain privacy and chastity.’ I then asked, ‘What about those who are in the religion of Salim abu Hafs?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not from them.’ I then asked about those who are in the religion of Rabi‘a al-Ra’iy?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, but she is of the young ones who are not hostile to ’A’immah and do not know what you believe in.’”

Il a dit : J'ai demandé : "Que dites-vous sur le mariage des gens ? J'ai atteint ce que tu vois et je n'ai jamais été marié." Il a dit : "Qu'est-ce qui t'en empêche ?" J'ai dit : "Rien ne m'en empêche sauf que je crains que leur mariage ne soit pas licite pour moi." Il a demandé : "Comment agirais-tu alors que tu es jeune ? Supporterais-tu ?" J'ai répondu : "Je prendrais des esclaves." Il a dit : "Apporte-en maintenant, comment les rendrais-tu licites ?" J'ai répondu : "Les esclaves ne sont pas comme les femmes libres. Si une esclave m'aime, je la libère ou je me sépare d'elle." Il a demandé : "Comment les rendrais-tu licites ?" Je n'avais pas de réponse. J'ai dit : "Que ma vie soit sacrifiée pour toi, dis-moi ce que tu penses, devrais-je me marier ?" Il a répondu : "Peu m'importe que tu le fasses." J'ai dit : "As-tu entendu ta propre parole 'peu m'importe que tu le fasses' ? Cela signifie que tu dis que je n'ai pas à pécher sans que tu me l'ordonnes. Que m'ordonnes-tu de faire ?" Il a dit : "Certes, le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) s'est marié et il a eu pour épouses les femmes de Noé et de Lot. Allah a mentionné dans le Coran l'exemple de celles qui ont trahi Noé et Lot, qui étaient sous la tutelle de deux de Nos serviteurs vertueux, mais elles les ont trahis. J'ai dit : "Certes, le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) n'est pas dans la même situation. Elles étaient sous sa tutelle et elles étaient soumises à son jugement, manifestant sa religion. Par Allah, cela ne signifie rien d'autre que ce qu'Allah a dit : 'Elles les ont trahis'. Et certes, le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) a marié untel." J'ai dit : "Que Dieu te récompense, que m'ordonnes-tu de faire, divorcer et me marier selon ton ordre ?" Il a répondu : "Si tu agis ainsi, alors choisis parmi les femmes celles qui sont pudiques." J'ai demandé : "Qu'est-ce que la pudeur ?" Il a répondu : "Celles qui préservent leur chasteté." J'ai demandé : "Qu'en est-il de celle qui est sur la religion de Sa'id ibn al-Hassan ?" Il a dit : "Non." J'ai demandé : "Et celle qui est sur la religion de Rabi'ah al-Ra'i ?" Il a dit : "Non, mais les femmes affranchies qui ne sont ni mariées ni connues comme vous le connaissez."

13. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, had a wife from the people of Thaqif and from her he (the Imam) had a son called Ibrahim. A slave-girl from Thaqif came to her and asked, ‘Who is your husband?’ She replied, ‘He is Muhammad ibn Ali.’ She then said, ‘That is why in al-Kufah there are people who insult the ancestors and say...’ He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) divorced and allowed her to go. He (the narrator) has said that I saw him afterward. The effect of it was clear on him and he had lost a little weight. I said that the effect of her separation is apparent on you. He (the Imam) said, ‘I can see it.’ I said, ‘Yes, it is so.’”

Il a dit : "Il y avait une femme de Thaqif qui était sous sa tutelle, et il avait d'elle un fils appelé Ibrahim. Une esclave de Thaqif entra chez elle et lui demanda : 'Qui est ton mari ?' Elle répondit : 'Muhammad ibn Ali.' Elle dit alors : 'Il y a des gens à Kufa qui insultent les prédécesseurs et disent...' Il la laissa partir. Plus tard, je le vis avoir des signes de faiblesse et de maladie. Je lui dis : 'Tu as des signes de faiblesse à cause de sa séparation.' Il répondit : 'Tu as vu cela.' Je dis : 'Oui.'

14. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Once a man came to Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and said, “Your wife from al-Shayban people is of Kharijiy sect who vilify Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. If you like I can manage for you to hear what she says.” He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, I agree.’ He (man) said, ‘Tomorrow as you come out of your home as you normally do, wait on the side of the house.’ Next day he (the Imam) waited on the side of the house and the man came. He spoke to her and it (vilification) became clear from her. He (the Imam) divorced her although he liked her quite well.’”

Un homme entra chez Ali ibn al-Husayn (que la paix soit sur eux) et lui dit : "Ta femme, Shibaaniyya, sort en te maudissant. Si tu veux que je t'en informe, je le ferai." Ali répondit : "Oui." L'homme lui dit alors : "Demain, au moment où tu sors comme d'habitude, reviens et cache-toi du côté de la maison." Le lendemain, au moment où il sortait, il se cacha du côté de la maison. L'homme vint et parla à la femme, et il s'avéra qu'elle faisait effectivement cela. Il la laissa poursuivre son chemin, et il était satisfait de cela.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Muhammad ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “My father once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about marriage with the Jews and Christians when I was listening. He (the Imam) said, ‘Marriage with them in my view is better than marriage with al-Nasibah (people hostile to ‘A’immah) and I do not like a Muslim man’s marriage with a Jewish woman or a Christian woman because of fear that she can convert his children to Judaism or Christianity.’”

: Mon père lui demanda alors que j'étais présent au sujet du mariage avec une femme juive ou chrétienne. Il répondit : Le mariage avec l'une d'entre elles est préférable au mariage avec une femme polythéiste. Et je n'aime pas qu'un homme musulman épouse une femme juive ou chrétienne par crainte que son enfant ne devienne juif ou chrétien.

16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Marriage with a Jewish or Christian women is preferable’ - or He (the Imam) said that it is better- ‘than marriage with al-Nasibah (people hostile to ‘A’immah).”’

Il est préférable ou meilleur pour un homme de se marier avec une femme juive ou chrétienne que de se marier avec une femme polythéiste ou une femme qui incite à la mécréance.

17. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Once, a people from Khurasan, from Transoxiana came to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. He (the Imam) asked them, ‘Do you shake hands with the people of your country and marry them? If you shake hands with them a ring of the rings of Islam is cut and if you marry them the privacy between you and Allah is violated.’”

qu'un groupe de gens de Khurasan est venu le voir de l'autre côté de la rivière. Il leur a dit : "Vous saluez les habitants de votre pays et vous les mariez, mais lorsque vous les saluez, un lien de l'islam est rompu, et lorsque vous les mariez, le voile entre vous et Allah, le Très Haut, est déchiré."