876
Chapitre
Comprehensive Chapter on Animals that are not Edible
0 / 16 vérifiés · 0%
1. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from Bistam ibn Murrah from Ishaq ibn Hassan from Haytham ibn Waqid from Ali ibn al-Hassan al-‘Abdiy from abu Harun from abu Sa‘id al-Khudriy who was asked about the following: “Abu Harun once asked abu Sa‘id al-Khudriy, ‘What do you say about this fish that our brothers in al- Kufah use for food, is it unlawful?’ Abu Sa‘id said, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, saying, “Al-Kufah is the skull and the spear of Allah, most Blessed, most High, and the mine of faith, thus you must accept from them. I can inform you that the Messenger of Allah stayed in Makkah one day and one night hungry. Then he went out and I went with him (the Messenger of Allah). We passed by a group of friends who were eating lunch. They said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, join us for lunch.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Yes, make room for your Prophet.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) sat between two men and I also sat down. He (the Messenger of Allah) took a loaf and made it into two portions, then he (the Messenger of Allah) looked at their curry and asked, ‘What your curry is made of?’ They replied, ‘It is made of eel, O Messenger of Allah.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) threw the piece of bread from his hand and left. Abu Sa‘id has said, ‘I stayed behind to find out people’s opinion. People differed. One group said that the Messenger of Allah has made it (eel) unlawful. The other group said, ‘He (the Messenger of Allah) did not make it unlawful but just left, had he made it unlawful he would have prohibitted eating it.’ He (abu Sa‘id) has said, ‘I memorized what they had said and followed running to join the Messenger of Allah, then we met a group of friends eating lunch; and they asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, join us for lunch.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘Yes, make room for your Prophet.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) sat between two men and I also sat with him. When he took a piece of bread and looked at their curry, then asked, ‘What your curry is made of?’ They replied, ‘It is made of lizard, O Messenger of Allah.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) threw the piece of bread from his hand and left. Abu Sa‘id has said, ‘I stayed behind and people differed. They were two groups. One group said, ‘The Messenger of Allah has made it unlawful and for this reason, he (the Messenger of Allah) did not eat.’ The other group said, ‘He (the Messenger of Allah) just left. Had he made it unlawful he would have prohibited us from eating.’ I then followed the Messenger of Allah until I joined him and we passed by the foot of al-Safa’ where cooking pots were boiling. They said, ‘O Messenger of Allah if you can wait until our cooking pots are ready.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) asked them, ‘What is in your cooking pots?’ They replied, ‘Our donkeys that we used to ride, have failed to move so we slaughtered them.’ The Messenger of Allah went close and turned the cooking pots with his foot, then he (the Messenger of Allah) left fast. I stayed behind and certain ones of them said, ‘The Messenger of Allah has made the flesh of donkeys unlawful’ and others said, ‘No, he did not do so. He only emptied out your cooking pots so that you never slaughter your stumpers.’ Abu Sa‘id has said that the Messenger of Allah sent for me and when I arrived in his presence he (the Messenger of Allah) said. ‘Call for me Bilal.’ When I brought Bilal in, he (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘O Bilal climb on abu Qubays hill and announce that the Messenger of Allah has declared, eel, lizard and domestic donkeys unlawful for food. So have fear of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and do not eat of fish except what has peels and the peels have scales, because Allah, most Blessed, most High, has metamorphosed seven hundred nations who had disobeyed the executors of wills after the messengers. Four hundred of them remained on land and three hundred of them went in the sea’, then he read this verse. ‘. . . We turned their existence into ancient tales by making them disintegrate totally.’ (34:19)” (The above Hadith is from ‘ Ammah narrators and its style is very different from those of the Khassah narrators).
IsnādAl-Husayn ibn Muhammad a rapporté de Mu'alla ibn Muhammad, de Bistam ibn Murra, d'Ishaq ibn Hassan, de Haitham ibn Waqid, d'Ali ibn al-Hassan al-Abdi, d'Abi Harun, d'Abi Sa'id al-Khudri, qui a dit : "On m'a demandé : Quel est ton avis sur ce poisson que nos frères de Kufa prétendent être illicite ?" Abu Sa'id a répondu : J'ai entendu le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui) dire : "Kufa est la tête des Arabes, la lance d'Allah, béni et exalté, et le trésor de la foi. Prenez d'eux, je vous informe que le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui) a séjourné à La Mecque un jour et une nuit, puis il est parti et je suis parti avec lui. Nous sommes passés devant un groupe de personnes prenant leur petit-déjeuner. Ils lui ont dit : Ô Messager d'Allah, c'est le petit-déjeuner. Il leur a dit : Oui, préparez pour votre Prophète. Il s'est assis entre deux hommes et je me suis assis avec lui. Lorsqu'il a pris un morceau de pain, il l'a partagé en deux et a regardé leur croute et a dit : Qu'est-ce que cette croute ? Ils ont répondu : C'est du Jirrith, ô Messager d'Allah. Il a jeté la miette de sa main et s'est levé."
"Abu Sa'id a dit : J'ai suivi après lui pour voir la réaction des gens. Les gens ont divergé entre eux. Un groupe a dit que le Messager d'Allah a interdit le Jirrith, et un autre groupe a dit qu'il ne l'a pas interdit mais l'a évité. Abu Sa'id a dit : J'ai retenu leurs paroles et j'ai suivi le Messager d'Allah, généreux, jusqu'à le rattraper. Puis nous avons rencontré un autre groupe prenant leur petit-déjeuner. Ils lui ont dit : Ô Messager d'Allah, c'est le petit-déjeuner. Il leur a dit : Oui, préparez pour votre Prophète. Il s'est assis entre deux hommes et je me suis assis avec lui. Lorsqu'il a pris un morceau de pain, il a regardé la croute des gens et a dit : Qu'est-ce que cette croute ? Ils ont répondu : C'est un Dabb, ô Messager d'Allah. Il a jeté la miette de sa main et s'est levé. Abu Sa'id a dit : J'ai suivi après lui pour voir la réaction des gens. Les gens ont divergé entre eux. Un groupe a dit que le Messager d'Allah a interdit le Dabb, et un autre groupe a dit qu'il ne l'a pas interdit mais l'a évité. Puis j'ai suivi le Messager d'Allah jusqu'à le rattraper. Nous sommes passés devant la colline de Safa où il y avait des marmites en ébullition. Ils lui ont dit : Ô Messager d'Allah, si tu montes sur elles, tu pourras atteindre nos marmites. Il leur a demandé : Que contiennent vos marmites ? Ils ont répondu : Des chameaux rouges que nous montions. Il s'est levé et nous les avons abattus. Le Messager d'Allah s'est approché des marmites et les a frappées avec son pied, puis il est parti à cheval et je l'ai suivi. Certains ont dit que le Messager d'Allah a interdit la viande d'âne, et d'autres ont dit que non, il a vidé vos marmites pour que vous ne les réutilisiez pas et que vous sacrifiiez vos bêtes." Abu Sa'id a dit : Le Messager d'Allah m'a envoyé chercher. Quand je suis venu le voir, il m'a dit : Ô Abu Sa'id, invoque pour
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Dawud ibn Farqad who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ’Of the beasts that which have canine teeth and of birds those which have claws are not lawful for food.’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ibn Mahboub, de Dawud ibn Farqad, de Abu Abdullah (as)
Chaque animal possédant des crocs parmi les bêtes sauvages et chaque oiseau possédant des serres est interdit (haram).
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Of the beasts that which have canine teeth and of birds that which have claws are not lawful for food.’ He (the Imam) has said, ‘Do not use any of the beasts for food.’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ibn Abi Umair, de Hammad, de Al-Halabi, de Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)
Le Messager de Dieu (que la prière de Dieu soit sur lui et sur sa famille) a dit : "Toute bête sauvage possédant des crocs et tout oiseau possédant des serres sont interdits", et il (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Ne mangez rien des bêtes sauvages".
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Amr ibn ‘ Uthman from al-Husayn ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa ibn Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the flesh of elephants. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not lawful for food.’ I then asked, ‘Why is it so?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It has deformities and Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made what is metamorphosed unlawful for food as well as the flesh of what is deformed in its shape.”’
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim a rapporté de son père, d'Amr ibn Outhman, de Al-Hussein ibn Khalid, qui a dit : J'ai demandé à Abi Al-Hassan, c'est-à-dire Musa ibn Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui), s'il est permis de manger la viande d'éléphant. Il a répondu : Non. J'ai demandé : Pourquoi ? Il a dit : Parce qu'il est une créature qui ressemble à l'homme, et Allah, le Très-Haut, a interdit la consommation des bêtes sauvages et de la viande de ce qui ressemble à l'homme dans leur apparence.
Il est interdit de manger la viande d'éléphant car c'est une créature qui ressemble à l'homme, et Allah a interdit la consommation des bêtes sauvages et de la viande de ce qui ressemble à l'homme dans leur apparence.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about eating lizards. He (the Imam) said, ‘Lizards, rats, apes and pigs are metamorphosed.’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ibn Abi Umair, de Hammad, de Al-Halabi, de Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)
J'ai demandé à Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) à propos de manger du lézard, il a dit : "Le lézard, la souris, le singe et le porc sont impurs."
6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asem ibn Hamid from abu Sahl al-Qarashiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the flesh of dogs. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is metamorphosed.’ I asked, ‘Is it unlawful for food?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is Najis (unclean). I repeat it three times for you and each one says it is Najis (unclean).”’
IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Sahl ibn Ziyad, de Ibn Abi Najran, de Asim ibn Humayd, de Abu Sahl al-Qurashi, qui a dit: J'ai interrogé Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) au sujet de la viande de chien. Il a dit: "Elle est impure." J'ai dit: "Elle est interdite?" Il a dit: "Elle est impure." Je lui ai posé la question trois fois, et à chaque fois il a répondu: "Elle est impure."
La viande de chien est considérée comme impure selon cet enseignement.
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ghiyath ibn Ibrahim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, disliked using poisonous things for food.’”
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya a rapporté d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Muhammad ibn Yahya, de Ghayath ibn Ibrahim, de Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)
qu'il détestait manger la viande de tout animal à ongles.
8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja‘far from his brother abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about using crows of several colors and black ones, for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘None of the crows are lawful for food, zagh or others.’”
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya a rapporté de Al-Amraki ibn Ali, de Ali ibn Ja'far, de son frère Abi al-Hasan (que la paix soit sur lui)
J'ai demandé à propos des corbeaux tachetés et noirs, est-il permis de les manger ? Il a répondu : Il n'est pas permis de manger quoi que ce soit des corbeaux, qu'ils soient tachetés ou autres.
9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Bakr ibn Salih from Sulayman ibn Ja‘far who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about peacock. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not lawful to use it or its eggs for food.’”
IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid, de Bakr ibn Salih, de Sulayman al-Ja'fari, de Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (que la paix soit sur lui)
a dit: "Le paon, ni sa chair ni ses œufs, ne sont licites à la consommation."
10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ‘Udhaynah from Muhammad ibn Muslim and Zurarah who have said the following: “We once asked abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about using domestic donkeys for food. He (the Imam) said, ’The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited it on the day of Khaybar. He (the Messenger of Allah) did so on that day because people used it for transportation. Unlawful is what Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made unlawful in the Quran.’”
IsnādAli ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ibn Abi Umeyr, de Omar ibn Uzayna, de Muhammad ibn Muslim et Zurara, de Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)
Ils l'ont interrogé sur le fait de manger la viande des ânes domestiques. Il a dit : Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) l'a interdit et a interdit de la consommer le jour de Khaybar. Il a seulement interdit de la manger à ce moment-là car elle était le fardeau des gens, et ce qui est interdit est ce qu'Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, a interdit dans le Coran.
11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from abu al-Jarud who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja’far, Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ’Muslims during the days of Khaybar faced difficulties and they rushed their stumpers. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, commanded that the cooking pots must be emptied (of cooking donkey flesh) and did not say it is unlawful for food. It was to preserve stumpers.’”
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Muhammad ibn Sinan, d'Abu al-Jarud, d'Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui)
J'ai entendu Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) dire : "Les musulmans ont fait de grands efforts à Khaybar. Les musulmans ont avancé rapidement avec leurs montures. Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) leur a ordonné de retenir les marmites sans dire qu'elles étaient interdites, et cela afin de ménager leurs montures."
12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban Taghlib from the one who narrated to him who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the flesh of horses. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not use it for food unless it is a matter of necessity, as well as the flesh of the domestic donkeys. He (the Imam) said, ’It is in the book of Ali, Alayhi al-Salam, that he (the Imam) prohibited using it for food.’”
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, d'Ali ibn al-Hakam, d'Aban ibn Taghlib, de celui qui l'a informé, d'Abu 'Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui)
J'ai demandé à Abu 'Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet de la viande de cheval, il a dit : "Ne la mange que si tu es contraint, et au sujet de la viande des ânes domestiques, il a dit : il est rapporté dans le livre d'Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) qu'il a interdit de la manger."
13. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ibn Muskan who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, about the flesh of donkeys. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited using it for food on the day of Khaybar.’ I asked him (the Imam) about using horses and mules for food. He (the Imam) said, ’The Messenger of Allah has prohibited using them for food, so do not use them for food unless it is due to necessity and you are compelled.’”
IsnādAbu Ali Al-Ash'ari a rapporté de Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, de Safwan, d'Ibn Muskan, qui a dit: J'ai interrogé Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix) au sujet de la viande d'âne. Il a dit: Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sur sa famille) a interdit de la manger le jour de Khaybar. J'ai aussi demandé à propos de manger la chair des chevaux et des mulets. Il a dit: Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sur sa famille) l'a interdit, donc ne les mangez pas sauf en cas de nécessité.
14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Ash‘ariy who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Elephant is metamorphosed, he was a king who fornicated. The wolf is metamorphosed. He was an A’rabi and a pimp. The Fox is metamorphosed. She was a woman who cheated her husband and would not take Ghusl (bath) because of her Hayd (menses). The Bat is metamorphosed. He stole people’s dates. The apes and pigs were from people of banu Israel who transgressed on Sabat. Eel and lizard are from a group of banu Israel who did not believe in the table sent for Jesus, son of Mary Alayhi al-Salam. They strayed, one group fell in the sea and one group remained on land. The Rat is metamorphosed; it is the indecent woman. The scorpion is metamorphosed. It was a taleteller. The bear is metamorphosed and the wasp was a butcher who stole from the balance.’”
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Muhammad ibn al-Hassan al-Ash'ari, d'Abu al-Hassan al-Rida (que la paix soit sur lui)
L'éléphant était un roi idolâtre, le loup était un bédouin adultère, le lapin était une femme qui trahissait son mari et ne se lavait pas de ses menstruations, le rat était un voleur de dattes des gens, les singes et les porcs étaient des gens parmi les Enfants d'Israël qui ont transgressé le jour du Sabbat, les lézards et les souris étaient des factions parmi les Enfants d'Israël qui n'ont pas cru lorsque la table est descendue sur Jésus fils de Marie (que la paix soit sur lui), alors ils se sont divisés en mer et sur terre, la souris est le furet, le scorpion était un calomniateur, l'ours et les abeilles étaient des voleurs dans la balance.
15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Yahya al-Wasitiy who has said the following: “Al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the crow of several colors; if it can be use for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘Who is he that has made the black lawful for you for food?”’
IsnādMuhammad ibn Yahya, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Muhammad ibn Muslim, Abi Yahya al-Wasiti a dit:
Al-Rida (que la paix soit sur lui) a été interrogé à propos du corbeau à taches blanches, il a dit: "Il ne doit pas être mangé." Il a également dit: "Et qui t'a permis le corbeau noir?"
16. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Bakr ibn Salih from Sulayman al-Ja‘fariy who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Peacock is metamorphosed. He was a beautiful man. He treated with disregard the woman of a believing man. The woman loved him and he fell on her, then continued and was metamorphosed by Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, in the form of male and female. It is not edible, in the form of flesh or its eggs.’”
IsnādUn certain nombre de nos compagnons ont rapporté de Ahmad ibn Muhammad, de Bakr ibn Salih, de Sulayman al-Ja'fari, de Abi al-Hasan ar-Rida (que la paix soit sur lui)
a dit : "At-Tawus était un homme beau. Une femme d'un croyant qui l'aimait s'est enorgueillie de lui, puis elle a commis l'adultère avec lui. Plus tard, elle lui a envoyé un message, et Allah les a transformés en deux paons, une femelle et un mâle, dont la chair et les œufs ne sont pas consommables."