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1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad, Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all, from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah, from certain persons of our people from abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Muhammad ibn Aslam from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Salim from Mufaddal ibn ‘Umar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, why has Allah, most Blessed, most High, made wine, dead animals, blood and the flesh of pigs unlawful?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah, who is free of all defects, the most High has not made such things unlawful for His servants and made certain things lawful for them because of His interest in what He has made unlawful and His dislike of what He has made lawful for them. In fact He created the creatures and He, most Majestic, most Glorious, knew what their bodies needed and what was beneficial for them; so He made such things lawful for them as a favor to them from Him, most Blessed, most High, for their well being. He knew what was harmful to them, so He prohibited them and made it unlawful to them but then He made lawful for those compelled and in the times when their bodies could not survive without it so He commanded to use it for the bare necessities and not more.’ “He (the Imam) said, ‘The dead animals are unlawful; no one must use it every now and then because it weakens their bodies, makes it thin and his power goes away, his offspring become cutoff and those who eat dead bodies die suddenly. “Blood is unlawful because eating it causes yellow fluid, bad breath, foul smell, bad moral behavior and causes an illness similar to madness, hardheartedness, lack of kindness and sympathy so much so that one may murder his children, and parents, and he cannot be trusted about his best friends and his companions. “The flesh of pigs is unlawful because Allah, most Blessed, most High, metamorphosed certain people in different shapes such as pigs, apes and bears and others. He then prohibited eating such things, it is a kind of cannibalism, so people must not take advantage of such things and must not take consequent suffering lightly. “Wine is made unlawful because of its bad effects and damages it may cause. He (the Imam) then said, ‘One who often uses wine is like a worshipper of idols, it causes tremors, takes away the light (beauty), abolishes kindness, carries him to excessive boldness against the relatives like bloodshed and fornication. He, when drunk cannot be trusted and he may disregard his sanctity when failing to understand. Drinking wine does not increase anything to one except what is worse and evil.’”
IsnādUn groupe de nos compagnons de Sahl ibn Ziyad, et Ali ibn Ibrahim, de leurs pères tous ensemble, d'Amr ibn Uthman, de Muhammad ibn Abdullah, de certains de nos compagnons, d'Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix), et un groupe de nos compagnons également, d'Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid, de Muhammad ibn Aslam, d'Abderrahman ibn Salim, de Mufaddal ibn Umar, a dit: J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (sur lui la paix): "Dis-moi, que Dieu, exalté et glorifié soit-Il, a rendu illicite le vin, la bête morte, le sang, et la chair de porc?" Il a dit: "Dieu, glorifié soit-Il, n'a pas rendu cela illicite à Ses serviteurs et leur a permis autre chose par Sa préférence pour ce qu'Il leur a interdit et non par dédain pour ce qu'Il leur a permis. Mais Il a créé la création et Il sait, exalté et majestueux soit-Il, ce qui est bon pour leurs corps et ce qui les répare, donc Il leur a permis et leur a rendu licite par faveur de Sa part sur eux, pour leur bien-être. Et Il sait ce qui leur nuit, donc Il les en a dissuadés et leur a interdit. Puis Il l'a permis pour celui qui est contraint et lui a rendu licite à un moment où son corps ne peut subsister sans cela, Il lui a ordonné d'en prendre selon la nécessité, pas plus que cela."
Quant à la bête morte, personne ne la désire sauf celui dont le corps est affaibli, dont la constitution est altérée, dont la force a disparu, et dont la descendance est interrompue. Celui qui mange de la bête morte ne meurt que soudainement. En ce qui concerne le sang, il donne à celui qui le consomme une soif excessive, provoque une mauvaise haleine, altère le comportement, transmet des maladies aux chiens, entraîne la dureté du cœur, la perte de compassion et de miséricorde, au point qu'il ne serait pas étonnant qu'il en vienne à tuer son enfant, ses parents, son compagnon. Quant à la chair de porc, Dieu, exalté et glorifié soit-Il, a transformé un peuple en différentes formes ressemblant au porc, au singe, à l'ours, et à tout ce qui a été transformé. Puis Il a interdit de la consommer pour éviter que les gens en tirent profit et pour ne pas minimiser la gravité de sa punition. En ce qui concerne le vin, Il l'a interdit en raison de ses actes et de sa corruption. Celui qui boit du vin est comme un adorateur d'idole, il hérite de l'ivresse, perd sa lumière, détruit son honneur, et est poussé à transgresser les interdits tels que le meurtre et l'adultère. Quand il est ivre, il ne se rend pas compte de ses limites, et la consommation de vin ne fait qu'aggraver son mal.