Les droits d'une femme divorcée au sujet de sa dot, avec laquelle il n'a pas consommé le mariage

2. Safwan has narrated from in from abu Basir and Ali has narrated from his father and A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid f, ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah all from abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who has said the following: “The following are the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. ‘If you divorce them before you touch them and if you have set mahr (dower) for them that must be paid them one-half of it is payable unless it is waved or one who has authority in the matter of marriage waves it.’ (2:237) Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Of people with such authority is the father, or brother or the executor of the will and those whose command in the assets of the woman is effective to buy certain things and she authorizes, if such person waves, then it is permissible. 5 ”

concernant la parole d'Allah, le Très Haut : "Et si vous les répudiez avant de les avoir touchées, mais que vous avez déjà fixé leur mahr (dot), alors payez-leur la moitié de ce que vous avez fixé, à moins qu'elles ne vous le remettent ou que celui qui détient le contrat de mariage entre ses mains le remette." Il a dit : "Cela concerne le père, le frère ou l'homme auquel il est recommandé, et celui dont l'affaire est autorisée dans les biens de la femme, qu'il achète pour elle et la rend licite. Et s'il pardonne, alors c'est permis."

3. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “About the case of a man who divorces his wife before going to bed with her, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has stated this Hadith. ‘He owes to her one-half of mahr (dower) if he has set something for her; but if he has not set anything for her he must benefit her like the benefits that similar women receive. 5 The words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, say, ‘. . . or it is waived by the one who has authority in the matters of marriage. . .’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Of such people is father, or a brother or the executor of the will or a man who is authorized in dealing with the assets of the woman to buy for her and he buys if he waves, it then is effective. 555

Concernant un homme qui divorce de sa femme avant d'avoir eu des rapports avec elle, il doit lui donner la moitié de la dot s'il lui a déjà fixé un montant, sinon il doit lui offrir des cadeaux comme le font les autres femmes. Il est dit dans le Livre d'Allah : "Ou qu'il pardonne, c'est plus proche de la piété." Cela concerne le père, le frère, l'homme qui est désigné pour s'occuper d'elle, et l'homme qui a autorité sur les biens de la femme et peut acheter et vendre pour elle. S'il pardonne, cela est permis.

4. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who marries a woman and sets a mahr (dower) of one hundred sheep. He then delivers them to her, then divorces her before going to bed with her and the sheep have given birth to their young. He (the Imam) said, ‘If the sheep had become pregnant with him she must return one-half of them and one-half of the young ones; but if they did not become pregnant with him she must return one-half of the sheep but not the young ones. 555 Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has narrated the following: “He has narrated a similar Hadith from abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, except that he has said, ‘He delivered sheep and slaves, then sheep and slaves gave birth. 555

Contenu principal du hadith

5. Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad from ibn Mahbub, from ibn Bukayr from ibn Ri’ab from Zurarah who has said the following: “About the case of a man who marries a non-virgin woman or a virgin one and divorces her in the hour that she enters his house, abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has stated this Hadith. ‘Trustworthy women must examine them and if they find such woman with the condition before she came to him then she deserves one-half of the mahr (dower) which is set for her and she does not need to count any waiting period.’”

Concernant l'homme qui épouse une femme en lui fixant un délai ou une esclave vierge, puis la répudie avant d'avoir eu des relations conjugales avec elle, il lui est recommandé de donner à ces femmes la moitié de la dot qui leur est due, sans qu'il y ait de délai pour elles.

6. Muhammad ibn Ahmad has narrated from ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who marries a woman and sets a mahr (dower) of one thousand dirham and gives her a runaway slave and a gown of Hibr for the one thousand set as mahr (dower). He (the Imam) said, ’If she knows about the slave and has agreed, then it is not unlawful if she has taken delivery of the cloths and has agreed about the slave.’ I then asked, ’What happens if he divorces her before going to bed with her? He (the Imam) said, ‘She has no mahr (dower) and she must return five hundred dirham and the slave is for her.’”

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7. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ibn abu Ya‘fur who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who marries a woman and has set her father as her mahr (dower) and that she must return one thousand dirham to him. He then divorces her before going to bed with her. What must she return to him when she deserves only one- half of the mahr (dower )? Her father is an old man who is worth only five hundred dirham and he says, ’Were it not because of you I would not sell him for three thousand dirham. He (the Imam) said, ‘His words are not considered and nothing is returned to him.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu 'Abdillah (sur lui la paix) au sujet d'un homme qui a épousé une femme et a fixé sa dot à son père pour qu'elle lui rende mille dinars, puis l'a répudiée avant d'avoir eu des rapports intimes avec elle. Il convient qu'elle lui rende la moitié de la dot, et son père est un vieil homme dont la valeur est de cinq cents dinars. Il dit : Si ce n'était pas pour vous, je ne l'aurais pas vendue pour trois mille dinars. Il a dit : Son propos ne doit pas être pris en considération et rien ne doit lui être rendu.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Salih ibn Razin from Shihab who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who marries a woman for one thousand dirham and pays to her; but she gives it as a gift to him and says, ‘I am interested in you.’ He then divorces her before going to bed with her.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He must return to her five hundred dirham.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu 'Abdillah (sur lui la paix) au sujet d'un homme qui a épousé une femme pour mille dirhams, puis les lui a remis en cadeau et elle lui a dit : "Je te désire." Il l'a répudiée avant d'avoir eu des rapports avec elle. Il doit lui restituer cinq cents dirhams.

9. Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from Mansur ibn Yunus from ibn ‘Udhaynah fm mm who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who marries a woman and sets a mahr (dower) of one thousand dirham and pays it to her. She then keeps five hundred and returns five hundred to him as gift. He then divorces before going to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘She must return the other five hundred because five hundred belonged to her. Her giving as gift to him or others is the same.’”

Il a dit : Les cinq cents dinars restants lui seront restitués, car ils appartenaient uniquement à elle, elle les lui avait donnés en cadeau, que ce soit à lui ou à un autre, c'est pareil.

10. Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from al-Qasim ibn Sulayman from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who marries a woman and sets her (slave) father as her mahr (dower). His price is five hundred dirham; then he divorces before going to bed with her.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘She does not owe anything to him.’”

Concernant un homme qui a épousé une femme, a payé sa dot à son père et a établi la valeur de son père à cinq cents dirhams, en lui promettant mille dirhams, puis l'a divorcée avant d'avoir eu des relations conjugales avec elle, il a été dit : "Elle n'a rien à lui rendre".

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who divorces his wife before going to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ’He owes to her one-half of the mahr (dower) if he has set mahr (dower) for her, but if he has not set anything for her then he must benefit her in a fair manner as it is done with women similar to her.’”

Il a dit : J'ai interrogé Aba Abdillah (sur lui la paix) au sujet d'un homme qui divorce de sa femme avant d'avoir eu des relations conjugales avec elle. Il a dit : Il doit lui donner la moitié de la dot si quelque chose avait été fixé comme dot pour elle, sinon il doit lui offrir une compensation similaire à ce qui est donné aux femmes de son rang.

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya in a marfu‘ manner has narrated from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “This is the case of a man who marries a woman for a slave with his wife. He delivers them to her then the wife of the slave dies in the possession of the woman; then he divorces her before going to bed with her. Abu al-Hassan, al-Awwal, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If he had appraised her for her on the day of marriage he then appraises the slave. He then counts the difference of the day of marriage which she must return to him, then he gives her one-half of what he has received back.’”

concernant un homme qui a épousé une femme en tant qu'esclave et sa femme, puis les a conduits vers elle. La femme de l'esclave est décédée chez la femme, puis il l'a répudiée avant d'avoir eu des relations avec elle. Il a dit : Si sa tribu était sur elle le jour où il l'a épousée, alors l'esclave restant sera évalué à sa valeur. Ensuite, on examine ce qui reste de la valeur pour laquelle il l'a épousée, et la femme est renvoyée à son mari, puis le mari lui donne la moitié de ce qui lui est dû.

13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said this. ‘If a woman marries for a woman as mahr (dower) who grows with her whereby her price increases or reduces, then he divorces her before going to bed with her. She must give back half of the price of the day it was given to her regardless of any increase or decrease.’”

L'Imam Ali (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Concernant la femme qui se marie avec une dot spécifiée, puis il la dénigre ou l'apprécie, puis la répudie avant d'avoir eu de rapports avec elle, il doit lui donner la moitié de sa valeur le jour où il lui remet la dot, sans considération pour une augmentation ou une diminution."

14. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith the following is narrated: “About the case of a man who sets his slave-girl free then sets her freedom as her mahr (dower) then divorces before going to bed with her. He (the Imam) said, ‘She must return one-half of her price and must work to pay the rest.’”

Par cette chaîne de transmission, il est rapporté qu'un homme affranchit sa servante en faisant de son affranchissement sa dot, puis la répudie avant d'avoir eu de relations conjugales avec elle. Il lui est alors ordonné de lui restituer la moitié de sa valeur, qu'elle peut rembourser.