L'Abattage par les Gens du Livre

3. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Hanan who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Al-Husayn ibn al-Mundhir has narrated from you that you have said, “Slaughtering is by name and you cannot trust for it in (slaughtering) except the people of the name.’” He (the Imam) said, ‘They have invented in it something that I do not like.’ Hanan has said, ‘I asked a Christian about what they say when slaughtering.’ He said, ‘We say, “In the name of al-Masih.’””

Hanân a dit : J'ai ensuite interrogé un chrétien en lui demandant : "Que dites-vous quand vous sacrifiez ?" Il a répondu : "Nous disons au nom du Christ."

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn abu Nasr from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, if animal slaughtered by the Christian Arabs can be used for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would prohibit using what they slaughtered for food, as well as their hunting and marriage with them.’”

J'ai interrogé Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet des chrétiens arabes et de la licéité de manger leur viande. Il a répondu : Ali ibn al-Hussein (que la paix soit sur lui) interdisait leur bétail, leur gibier et leurs mariages.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from abu al-Mighra’ from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the animals slaughtered by the Jews and Christians. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not go close to such slaughtered animals.’”

J'ai demandé à Abu Ibrahim (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet du sacrifice des Juifs et des Chrétiens, et il a dit : "Ne vous en approchez pas."

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar from al-Husayn ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘We go to the mountains and send the shepherds to look after the sheep. Perhaps a sheep becomes injured and they slaughter it; if we can use it for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is a matter of proper slaughtering, thus, no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”

C'est un sacrifice et il n'est permis que pour un musulman.

7. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar from al-Husayn ibn ‘ Abd Allah who has said the following: “At one time I travelled with al-Mu‘alla’ ibn Khunays and ibn abu Ya’fur. One of them used the flesh of the animal slaughtered by Jews and Christians and the other abstained. They both went to visit abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and informed him of their story. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Which one of you abstained?’ He (one of them) said, ‘I abstained.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You have done the right thing.’”

[Le contenu principal du hadith]

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from al-Husayn al-Ahmasiy who has said the following: “Once a man said to ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, we have a neighbor who is a butcher and he brings Jews who slaughter for him so that Jews can buy from him.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not use for food what he sells and do not buy from him.’”

Un homme dit à Imam Sadiq (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Que Dieu te réforme, nous avons un voisin qui est boucher. Il apporte un juif et lui sacrifie des animaux, puis les Juifs en achètent." L'Imam répondit : "Ne mange pas de sa viande et n'en achète pas."

9. Ibn abu ‘Umayr has narrated from al-Husayn al-Ahmasiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is a matter of the name (mentioning the name of Allah), thus, no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”

Il a dit: "C'est le nom, donc personne ne doit être nommé ainsi sauf un musulman."

10. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from ibn Muskan from Qutaybah al-A‘sha’ who has said the following: “A man once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when I was with him (the Imam) and said, ‘Sheep are sent to Jews and Christian for maintenance and something happens and it is slaughtered; if I can use it for food. Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Do not mix the price you receive for it with your other assets and do not use it for food. It is a matter of name (mentioning the name of Allah) and no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’ A man then said, ‘Allah, most High, says, ‘Today We have made the good things lawful for you and the food of the people of the book is lawful for you.’ (5:5) Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said to him, ‘My father, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would say that it is about grains and similar things.’”

Il est permis de manger la viande d'un animal sacrifié par des Juifs ou des Chrétiens, à condition que l'animal soit sain. Cependant, il est recommandé de ne pas en tirer de profit matériel et de ne pas consommer la viande si l'on n'est pas musulman. Ceci est basé sur l'interprétation des versets coraniques et des enseignements des Imams.

11. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ya‘qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ’Isma‘il ibn Jabir and ‘Abd Allah ibn Talhah. Ibn Sinan has said that ’Isma‘il ibn Jabir has said, the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Do not use for food what is slaughtered by Jews and Christians and do not eat in their utensils.’”

Ne mangez pas de la viande sacrifiée par les Juifs et les Chrétiens, et ne mangez pas dans leurs récipients.

12. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from ibn Sinan from Qutaybah al-A‘sha’ who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the animals slaughtered by Jews and Christians. He (the Imam) said, ‘Slaughtering is a matter of name (mentioning the name of Allah); no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”

Le sacrifice est un nom et il n'est approuvé que par un musulman.

13. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ’Isma‘il from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Do not use for food the animals they slaughter, do not eat in their utensils, meaning thereby people of the book.’”

Ne mange pas leur viande sacrifiée et ne mange pas dans leurs récipients, faisant référence aux gens du Livre.

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the animals slaughtered by the people of the book. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful if they mention the name of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and I mean those of them who are on the command of Moses and Jesus.’”

Il n'y a pas de mal s'ils mentionnent le nom d'Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, mais je veux dire parmi eux ceux qui suivent les ordres de Moïse et Jésus (sur eux la paix).

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hanan ibn Sadir who has said the following: “Once my father and I visited abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and said, ‘We pray to Allah to keep our souls in service for your cause, we have Christian associates and they slaughter for us chickens and goats; if we can eat thereof. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not eat and do not get close to it; what they say on it is something because of which I do not like if you to eat thereof.’ He (the narrator) has said, when we arrived in al-Kufah certain ones of them invited us and we declined their invitation. He asked about the reason saying, ‘You were coming to us and now you have refused.’ We replied, ‘Our scholar, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, prohibited and he thinks that you say something on what you slaughter because of which he does not like that we eat thereof.’ He then asked, ‘Who is your scholar? He by Allah, is the most knowledgeable of all people and more knowledgeable than what Allah has created. He has spoken the truth by Allah. We say, ‘In the name of al-Masih, ‘Alayhi al-Salam.’”

Nous sommes entrés chez Abi Abdillah (que la paix soit sur lui), moi et mon père, et nous lui avons dit : "Que Dieu te sacrifie pour nous ! Nous avons des compagnons parmi les Chrétiens, et nous allons chez eux et ils nous sacrifient des poulets, des poussins et des agneaux. Devons-nous les manger ?" Il a répondu : "Ne les mangez pas et ne vous en approchez pas, car ils disent sur leurs sacrifices ce que je n'aime pas pour vous de manger." Lorsque nous sommes arrivés à Koufa, certains d'entre eux nous ont invités, mais nous avons refusé d'y aller. Ils ont demandé : "Pourquoi veniez-vous nous voir puis aujourd'hui vous nous avez abandonnés ?" Nous avons répondu : "Un savant parmi nous (que la paix soit sur lui) nous a interdit et a prétendu que vous dites quelque chose sur vos sacrifices qu'il n'aime pas que nous mangions." Ils ont demandé : "Qui est ce savant ?" Nous avons dit : "C'est celui que nous invoquons au nom du Messie (que la paix soit sur lui)."

16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the animals the people of the book slaughter. He (the Imam) said, ‘By Allah they do not eat what you slaughter; then how can you consider what they slaughter as lawful? It is a matter of name (mentioning the name of Allah), and no one can be trusted in it except a Muslim.’”

"Par Allah, ils ne mangent pas vos sacrifices, alors comment pouvez-vous légitimer le fait de manger les leurs, car c'est simplement un nom et il n'est permis que par un musulman."

17. Certain persons of our people have narrated from Mansur ibn al-‘Abbas from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Qutaybah al-A’sha’ who has said the following: “I once saw a man with abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who asked, ‘I have a brother in the mountains who exchanges things for other things. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is it because of mutual agreement?’ he replied, ‘Yes, that is true.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It then is not unlawful.’ He then said, ‘He may have an agent who is a Jew or Christians who comes across something that sells slaughtered and brings its price, or salt it then brings it salted.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He must not eat it. It is a matter of name (mentioning the name of Allah) in which no one can be trusted except a Muslim.’ A certain person present said, ‘What about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “. . . the food of the people of the book is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘My father, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would say that it is grains and similar things.’”

J'ai vu un homme venir le questionner. Il a dit : "J'ai un frère qui prête des moutons dans les montagnes, remplaçant une dent par une dent. N'est-ce pas une tromperie envers ses associés ?" Il a répondu : "Oui." Il a dit : "Alors, il aura un garant en la personne de qui ? Il deviendra juif ou chrétien, puis vendra la bête après l'avoir égorgée et en retirera son prix. Parfois, il la salera et la vendra salée." Il a dit : "Si on lui en donne le prix, qu'il ne le mélange pas avec son argent et qu'il ne la bouge pas. Et s'il la reçoit salée, qu'il ne la mange pas, car c'est seulement le nom et on ne peut avoir confiance en un nom que si on est musulman." Certains des gens présents lui ont dit : "Où est la parole d'Allah, 'La nourriture des gens du Livre vous est licite, et votre nourriture leur est licite' ?" Il a répondu : "Mon père (que la paix soit sur lui) disait que cela concerne les grains et ce qui est semblable."