Chien de chasse et Guépard

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ‘Udhaynah from Muhammad ibn Muslim and from more than one person who has said the following: “About the case of a man who sends a hunting dog with the mention of the name of Allah, the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have stated this Hadith. ‘If the dog catches the prey and you arrive to slaughter it properly, then you must do so; but if you arrive when it has already killed the prey and has eaten thereof you can also eat what is left, however, you must not apply to other hunting animals what you apply to hunting dogs.’”

S'ils le prennent et que tu atteignes sa proie, alors purifie-le. Et s'ils le prennent et qu'ils l'ont déjà tué et mangé, alors mange ce qui reste et ne regarde pas ce que tu vois dans le chien.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from ibn Faddal from ‘Abd Allah ibn Bukayr from Salim al-Ashal who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a dog which catches the prey, holds it in place and has eaten a part thereof. He (the Imam) said, ‘Dog’s eating is not harmful and it is lawful for you to use it for food.’”

Il n'y a pas de mal à ce qu'il ait mangé, car il est licite pour toi.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from [Salim] and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from abu ‘Ubaydah al- Hadhdha who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who sends his trained dog to catch a prey and mentions the name of Allah. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can use for food what the dog has caught and he must slaughter it properly, if he arrives at the site before the dog kills the prey. He must not use the catch for food if he finds a non-hunting dog with it.’ I asked about Cheetah. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you arrive in time to slaughter it properly then you can use it for food, otherwise, you cannot use it for food.’ I then asked, ‘Is not Cheetah like dog?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No other animals are called Mukallab (dogged, trained dogs) except dogs.’”

[Traduction du contenu principal du hadith]

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn abu Najran from ‘Asem ibn Hamid from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘What is killed by dogs trained for hunting and the name of Allah is mentioned, you can use it for food, and what is killed by dogs not trained before and before you arrive to slaughter properly, then do not use it for food.’”

a rapporté que le Prophète (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit : "Aucune bête n'a été tuée en étant étouffée, et le nom d'Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, a été mentionné sur elle, alors mangez-en. Et les chiens qui n'ont pas été dressés avant que vous ne les rattrapiez, ne les nourrissez pas."

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Jamil ibn Darraj al-Marwah has said that narrated to me Hakam ibn Hakim al-Sayrafiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the hunting dog which hunts and kills the prey. He (the Imam) said, ’It is not unlawful and you can use it for food.’ I then said, ’They say that if the dog kills the prey it has caught it for itself, thus, you must not use it for food.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You can use it for food. Do they not all agree with you that its kill is proper slaughtering?’ I replied, ‘Yes, it is true.’ He (the Imam) then asked, ‘What do they say about a sheep slaughtered by a man? Is his slaughtering proper?’ I replied, ‘Yes, he has done so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If a beast comes and after his slaughtering eats something from the slaughtered sheep can the rest be used for food?’ I replied, ‘Yes, it can be used for food.’ He (the Imam) said that if they answer you in this way ask them this question. ‘How is it that even though what is slaughtered properly (the catch of the trained hunting dog) and the dog ate thereof, you do not use the rest for food, but you use for food the sheep slaughtered by a man and a beast eats thereof?”’

Le Prophète (que la paix soit sur lui) a clarifié que la chasse faite par un chien est licite à la consommation, et que les règles concernant la pureté de la viande ne s'appliquent pas de la même manière que pour d'autres animaux. Il a également souligné que la question de la licéité de la viande égorgée par un homme et partiellement consommée par un lion ne devrait pas être source de confusion, et que la viande restante peut être consommée sans problème.

7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Muhsin ibn Ahmad from Yunus ibn Ya’qub who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who sends his dog and he arrives at the site when the dog has killed the prey. He (the Imam) said, ‘You can use it for food even if the dog has eaten thereof.’”

J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'un homme qui a envoyé son chien et l'a retrouvé après qu'il ait tué une proie. Il a dit : "Mangez, même s'il a mangé."

8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad, Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Jamil ibn Darraj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who sends his dog to catch a prey which the dog catches; but he does not have a knife to slaughter it and about if he can leave it alone for the dog to kill and eat thereof. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful because Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, ‘Eat what they catch for you’, but it is not proper to eat what a cheetah has killed.’”

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from abu Bakr al- Hadramiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the hunting of Falcons, hawks, dogs and leopards. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not use for food what is hunted by any of these unless you slaughter it properly, except dogs trained for hunting.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if the dog kills it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You can use it for food; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, “. . . and what you train of dogs for hunting, eat of what they catch for you and mention the name of Allah on it.” (5:4)’”

Ne mangez pas la chasse de ces animaux sauf ce que vous avez chassé, à l'exception du chien dressé. Mangez-le, car Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, a dit: "Et ce que vous avez dressé parmi les animaux de chasse..." Donc, mangez ce que vous avez capturé et mentionnez le nom d'Allah dessus.

10. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from Aban ibn Taghlib from Sa‘id ibn Musayyib who has said the following: “I heard Salman saying, ‘You can use for food the prey that dogs catch for you even if the dog has eaten two-thirds of it.’”

Tout ce que le chien attrape, même s'il en mange les deux tiers.

11. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The dogs of al-Kurdiyah (Kurdish people), when you train them, are like the dogs of al-Saluqiyyah (name of town in Yemen).”’

Les chiens kurdes, s'ils sont dressés, sont comme les saluqis.

12. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from Mansur ibn Hazim from Salim al-Ashal who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about dog trained for hunting which has eaten of the prey. He (the Imam) said, ‘You can use it (the prey) for food.”’

Mangez-en tous.

13. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man who sends his dog, it catches a prey and eats thereof: if one can use the remaining for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘You can use for food what a dog has killed when you mention the name of Allah on it. If you forget to do so you still can use it for food as well as the remaining of what the dog has eaten.’”

Mange de ce que le chien a tué, si tu l'as nommé (avant la chasse). Mais si tu as oublié de le nommer, alors mange aussi de ce qu'il a chassé, et mange de sa part.

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurarah who has said the following: “About the case of a man’s sending a hunting dog, with the mention of the name of Allah, to catch a prey, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has stated this Hadith. ‘He can use it (the catch) for food even if the dog kills it and has eaten thereof. If the dog is not trained already for hunting, but is trained at that hour, then is sent to catch and it did and ate thereof, the dog is still a trained dog. On the other hand different from hunting dogs is what leopards, hawks and similar animals hunt. You must not use it for food unless you arrive in time to slaughter it properly; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, ‘Mukallabin’ (dogged, trained dogs), thus, what is different from dogs its hunting is not edible unless you arrive in time to slaughter it.’”

Il a dit à propos de la chasse du chien : Si un homme l'envoie et le nomme, qu'il mange de ce qu'il a attrapé. S'il le tue et le mange, qu'il mange ce qui reste. S'il n'est pas dressé, qu'il le dresse à l'heure, puis qu'il l'envoie et qu'il mange de lui, car il est dressé. Quant à la chasse du chien de ce qu'il attrape du léopard, du faucon et de leurs semblables, ne mange pas de sa chasse sauf ce que tu as atteint de sa gorge, car Allah le Très Haut dit : "Dressés pour la chasse". Donc, ce qui est différent du chien, sa chasse n'est pas de ce qui est comestible sauf si tu atteins sa gorge.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the hunting of falcons and dogs that kill the prey and eat thereof; if the remaining can be used for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not use for food what birds like falcons kill, unless you slaughter it properly; but if it is killed by dog when you have mentioned the name of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, you can use it for food even if the dog has eaten thereof.’”

Il a été interrogé sur la chasse du faucon et du chien lorsqu'ils capturent une proie, l'ont tuée et en ont mangé une partie : est-il permis de consommer leur reste ou non ? Il (sur lui la paix) a répondu : Quant à ce que l'oiseau a tué, ne le mange pas sauf si tu l'égorge, et quant à ce que le chien a tué et que tu as mentionné le nom d'Allah, alors mange-le, même s'il en a mangé.

16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from al-Qasim ibn Sulayman who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a dog that slips away without his owner’s sending to hunt but it hunts and the owner arrives when it has killed the prey; if he can use it for food. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not lawful for food.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If it hunts and the name of Allah is mentioned he can use it for food but if the name of Allah is not mentioned he must not use it for food and that is the meaning of ‘. . .and what you train of dogs for hunting.’”

Ceci est un hadith du livre Al-Kafi - Volume 6.

17. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Mu‘awiyah ibn Hakim from abu Malik al-Hadramiy from Jamil ibn Darraj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about my sending a dog to hunt and after mentioning the name of Allah, when I have nothing with me to slaughter the prey. He (the Imam) said, ‘Allow the dog to kill the prey, then you can use it for food.’”

"Laisse-le jusqu'à ce qu'il le tue, puis mange."

18. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If a man sends a dog but forgets to mention the name of Allah, it then is like slaughtering and forgetting to mention the name of Allah and so also is the case of shooting the prey with an arrow and forgetting to mention the name of Allah.’”

Lorsqu'un homme envoie son chien et oublie de le nommer, cela équivaut à celui qui sacrifie un animal sans le nommer, de même que celui qui lance une flèche sans la nommer.

19. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from certain persons of our people from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from his father from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a people who send their trained dogs to hunt and who mention the name of Allah. When the dogs go, a stray dog joins them and the dogs jointly hunt. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not use it for food because you do not know if the trained ones have hunted it or the one without training.’”

J'ai demandé à Abi Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'un groupe qui a envoyé leurs chiens, tous dressés et auxquels ils ont donné des noms, pour chasser. Quand les chiens sont partis, un chien étranger, sans compagnon connu, s'est joint à eux dans la chasse. Il a dit : "Ne mangez pas de ce qu'ils ont chassé, car vous ne savez pas si l'étranger l'a pris ou non."

20. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘What a very black colored dog hunts is not edible because the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, commanded to kill it.’”

قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( عليه السلام ) الْكَلْبُ الْأَسْوَدُ الْبَهِيمُ لَا يُؤْكَلُ صَيْدُهُ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ .