Al-Nabidh (Une sorte de vin)

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Ja‘far abu al-‘Abbas al-Kufiy from Muhammad ibn Khalid all from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from Mansur who has said that narrated to me Ayyub ibn Rashid who has said the following: “I once heard abu al-Balad ask abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about al-Nabidh and he (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’ He then said, ‘The residue is placed in it.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said, ‘It is the worst drink, however, you can soak it in water in the morning to drink in the evening.’ He then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, it is bad for our bellies.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is much worse for your bellies if you drink what is unlawful.’”

3. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad and A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad all from Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hamadaniy from Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Hannat from Sama‘ah ibn Mehran from al-Kalbiy al- Nassabah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about al-Nabidh. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is lawful.’ I said, ‘We soak it, then place the residue in it and other things.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Shashsh! That is putrid wine.’ I then asked, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what kind of al- Nabidh is what you mention?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘People of al-Madinah once complained before the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, about the change in their water and the ruined condition of their health. He commanded them to make al-Nabidh. A man commanded his servant to make al-Nabidh for him. He would take a handful of dates and throw it in al-Shin (water container) and from this they would drink and cleanse themselves.’ I then asked, ‘How many dates they would use?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Whatever a handful picks or perhaps two handfuls.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Perhaps it was one handful or two handfuls.’ I then asked, ‘What was the size of al-Shin (water container)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Between forty to eighty or more.’ I then asked, ‘Is it in rzt/?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is in ritl of Iraqi measurement.’”

[Traduction du contenu principal du hadith]

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ibrahim ibn abu al-Bald from his father [from more than one person who were with him] who has said the following: “I once was with abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and I said, ‘O Jariyah (girl or slave-girl) give me some water.’ He (the Imam) said to her, ‘Give him from my al-Nabidh.’ She then brought al-Nabidh which was a dry date in a cup of brass.’ I then said, ‘People of al-Kufah do not agree with it.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is their al-Nabidh?’ I said, ‘They place in it al-Qa‘wah.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is al-Qa‘wah?’ I said, ‘It is al-Dadhiy.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is al-Dadhiy?’ I said, ‘It is residue of dates.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It stains the pot by the time it rises, then boils, then it becomes intoxicating liquor; then it is used for drink.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘This is unlawful.’”

Ceci est interdit.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad from Ibrahim ibn abu al-Balad who has said the following: “I once visited abu Ja‘far, ibn al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and said to him, ‘I want to touch your belly with my belly.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Here O abu Tsma‘il,’ He uncovered his belly and I uncovered my belly and touched his belly with my belly. He then made me sit and called for a plate of raisins. I ate and he began to speak and complained about his stomach. I felt thisty and asked for water. He (the Imam) said, ‘O Jariyah, give him from my al-Nabidh. She brought for me al-Nabidh of Maris (soaked) in a cup of brass. I drank and found it sweeter than honey. I then said to him, ‘This has made your stomach upset.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is dates from the charity of the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. It is taken in the morning and water is poured on it. The girl soaks it and I drink it after food and during the day. In the evening the girl takes it and the people of the house drink.’ I then said, ‘People of al-Kufah do not agree with it.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is their al-Nabidh?’ I said, ‘It is taken from dates of finiqiy and al-Qa‘wah is placed in it.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is al-Qa‘wah?’ I said, ‘It is al- Dadhiy.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is al-Dadhiy?’ I said, ‘It is grain which is brought from al- Basrah. It is thrown in al-Nabidh until it boils and becomes intoxicating liquor; then it is used as a drink.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is unlawful.’”

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from ‘ Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajj aj who has said the following: “I once asked for permission to visit abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, for a certain person of our people and he asked him (the Imam) about al-Nabidh. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is lawful.’ He then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, I ask about al-Nabidh in which residue is placed, then is boiled until it becomes intoxicating liquor.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘All intoxicating liquor is unlawful.’”

Tout ce qui enivre est interdit.

7. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan and Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Bandar all from Ibrahim ibn Ishaq from ‘Abd Allah ibn Hammad from Muhammad ibn Ja‘far from his father who has said the following: “Once a people from Yemen came to the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, to ask him (the Messenger of Allah) for the guidance of their religion and he (the Messenger of Allah) answered them. All of the people then left. When they went a certain distance certain ones among them said, ‘We forgot to ask the Messenger of Allah about what is important to us.’ The people disembarked and sent a delegate to the Messenger of Allah who said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, people have sent us to you to ask about al- Nabidh.’ The Messenger of Allah asked. ‘What is al-Nabidh? Describe it for me.’ They said it is taken from dates which is placed in a pot, then water is pour on it until it is full, then fire is lit beneath. It is cooked, then it is taken to be placed it in another pot, then water is poured on it to soak, then it is filtered with a cloth, then it is placed in another pot and the residue from before is poured in it. It then rises and boils, then it sits down on the residue.’ The Messenger of Allah then said, £ 0 you, you have said a great deal. Is it intoxicating?’ He replied, ‘Yes, it is intoxicating.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘All intoxicating substances are unlawful.’ The delegate left and informed their people of what the Messenger of Allah had said. The people said, ‘We must go back to the Messenger of Allah so we can hear what he (the Messenger of Allah) has said without anyone in between.’ So all of the people came back and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, our land is vast and we farm. We cannot work without al- Nabidh.’ The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, asked them to describe it for him (the Messenger of Allah). They described it for him (the Messenger of Allah) as their delegate had done. The Messenger of Allah asked, ‘Does it intoxicate?’ They replied, ‘Yes, it does.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) then said, ‘All intoxicating substances are unlawful. It is a right on Allah to make the drinker of intoxicating liquor to drink of Tinah of Khabal. Do you know what Tinah of Khabal is?’ They replied, ‘No, we do not know.’ He (the Messenger of Allah) said, ‘It is the puss from the people of hellfire.’”

Il a dit : "Un groupe de personnes est venu voir le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) en provenance du Yémen et lui ont demandé les caractéristiques de leur religion. Il leur a répondu. Le groupe est parti, mais en chemin, certains se sont dit qu'ils avaient oublié de demander au Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) ce qui était le plus important pour eux. Ils sont retournés vers lui et lui ont demandé au sujet du vin. Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) a demandé : "Qu'est-ce que le vin ?" Ils ont répondu : "C'est fait à partir de dattes, puis mis dans un récipient où de l'eau est versée jusqu'à ce qu'il soit plein. Ensuite, il est chauffé jusqu'à ce qu'il devienne épais. Une fois épaissi, ils le prennent et le versent dans un autre récipient, y ajoutent de l'eau, le filtrent à travers un tissu, puis le versent dans un autre récipient où ils ajoutent du moût de raisin. Ils le laissent fermenter et bouillir, puis le laissent reposer sur un morceau de tissu. Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) a dit : "Tu as beaucoup augmenté. Est-ce que cela enivre ?" Ils ont répondu : "Oui." Il a dit : "Tout ce qui enivre est interdit. Chaque enivrant est interdit, et il est un devoir pour Allah de faire boire du pus à tout buveur d'enivrant. Connaissez-vous le pus ?" Ils ont dit : "Non." Il a dit : "C'est le liquide des habitants de l'Enfer."