Héritage du Fils, avec le Mari et la Femme et les Deux Parents

2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri’ab al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “This is about the case of a woman who leaves behind her husband, both parents and a daughter. Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The husband receives one-fourth. It is three shares out of twelve. The parents each receives one-sixth, two shares out of twelve. The remaining five shares belong to the daughter because if she was a male she would not receive more than five shares out of twelve shares: the parents do not face deficiency. They each receive one-sixth and the husband does not face deficiency with his one-fourth share.

Concernant une femme décédée laissant derrière elle son mari, ses parents et sa fille, il a été dit au mari : Un quart équivaut à trois parts sur douze, un sixième pour chacun des parents sur douze, et il reste cinq parts, qui reviennent à la fille, car si c'était un garçon, il n'aurait pas plus de cinq parts sur douze, car les parents ne sont pas privés de leur sixième, et le mari ne perd pas son quart.

3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from Sama‘ah who has said that Safwan gave to him the book of Musa ibn Bakr which he read it before him and found Musa ibn Bakr narrating it from Sa’id from Zurarah who has said that: there are no differences among our people about the following case. Abu ‘Abd Allah, and abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, were asked about a case in which a deceased woman left behind her husband, her mother and two daughters. He (the Imam) said, ‘The husband receives one-fourth of the legacy, the mother receives one-sixth and the rest belongs to the two daughters. It is because if they were two men, they would not receive more than what remained after deducting the shares of the mother and husband, and the share of female is never more than the share of males. If a deceased leaves behind the mother, father and a daughter, the distribution is possible from twenty- four shares of which the shares of the woman is one-eighth, three out of twenty-four, each parent receives one-sixth, four shares out of twenty-four shares and the daughter receives one-half, twelve shares. The remaining are five shares which are returned to the daughter and one of the parents, proportionate to their shares and nothing is returned to the woman. If a deceased leaves behind both parents, a woman and daughter, this also can be distribution from twenty-four shares of which two- sixth, eight shares, is for the parents four for each, the woman receives one-eighth, three shares out of twenty-four and the daughter receives one-half, twelve shares. The remaining one share is returned to the daughter and both parents, proportionate to the ratio of their shares and nothing is returned to the woman. If a deceased leaves behind the father, husband and a daughter, the father receives two shares out of twelve, which is one-sixth. The husband receives one-fourth, three shares out of twelve and the daughter receives one-half which are six shares out of twelve and one remaining share is returned to the daughter and father, proportionate to the ratio of their shares and nothing is returned to the husband. No one of the creatures of Allah inherits with a child except parents, husband and wife. If there are no children but the children of children, male or female, they keep the place of their parents. Children of sons are like the sons and inherit like sons and children of daughters keep the place of daughter, they inherit like daughter and bar parents, husband and wife from their shares of a larger amount, even if they are lower generations like one, two, three or more generations. They inherit what children from one’s seed inherit and bar what the children from one’s seed bar.’”

"Ceci est une affaire sur laquelle il n'y a pas de divergence parmi nos compagnons, venant de Abu 'Abdillah et de Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur eux), qu'ils furent interrogés au sujet d'une femme qui laisse derrière elle son mari, sa mère et ses deux filles. Il a été dit au mari : un quart, à la mère : un sixième, et aux deux filles : ce qui reste, car si elles étaient deux hommes, elles n'auraient rien sauf ce qui reste. Et la femme ne reçoit jamais plus que la part de l'homme si elle était à sa place. Et si le défunt laisse une mère, un père, une femme et une fille, alors l'héritage est de vingt-quatre parts : huit parts pour la femme, trois parts sur vingt-quatre pour chacun des deux parents, douze parts pour la fille, et les cinq parts restantes sont réparties entre les filles et un des parents selon leurs parts. Rien n'est attribué à la femme. Et s'il laisse deux parents, une femme et une fille, alors également vingt-quatre parts : seize parts pour chacun des deux parents, trois parts pour la femme, douze parts pour la fille, et une part restante revient à la fille, et les parents reçoivent selon leurs parts. Rien n'est attribué à la femme. Et s'il laisse un père, un mari et une fille, alors le père reçoit deux parts sur douze, le mari un quart sur douze, la fille six parts sur douze, et une part restante revient à la fille, et les parents reçoivent selon leurs parts, sans rien revenir au mari. Et personne parmi la création d'Allah n'hérite avec l'enfant, sauf les deux parents, le mari et la femme. Et s'il n'y a pas d'enfant et que les enfants des enfants sont des garçons ou des filles, ils sont traités comme des enfants, héritant comme des enfants. Les enfants des fils héritent comme des fils, recevant l'héritage des fils, et les enfants des filles héritent comme des filles, recevant l'héritage des filles, et ils excluent les parents, le mari et la femme des parts les plus importantes. Et s'ils sont plus de deux garçons, filles ou plus, ils héritent ce que les enfants des enfants héritent, et ils excluent ce que les enfants des enfants excluent."