Les Témoins Rejetés

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan from Shu’ayb from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the witnesses whose testimonies are rejected. He (the Imam) said, ‘He (the Imam) said, ‘Of such people are a pessimist, an accused and an antagonist.’ I then asked, ‘What about a sinful and a treacherous one?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Such ones are included in “pessimist”.”’

J'ai demandé à Abi Abdullah (sur lui soit la paix) ce qui est rejeté par les témoins. Il a dit: "Ce sont les soupçonneux, les accusés et les adversaires." J'ai dit: "Les pêcheurs et les traîtres?" Il a dit: "Tout cela entre dans la catégorie des soupçonneux."

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Aban from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the testimony of one who is born out of wedlock if it is acceptable. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not acceptable.’ I then said that al-Hakam ibn al-‘Utaybah considers it acceptable. He (the Imam) said, ‘O Lord, do not forgive his sin. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has not said to al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah, ‘. . . it is a reminder for you and your people.’ ( 43 : 44 )”

Contenu principal: L'enfant issu de la fornication ne peut pas témoigner selon l'enseignement d'Abi Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui), et une invocation est faite pour qu'Allah ne pardonne pas le péché de celui qui prétend le contraire.

5. A number of our people have narrated from ands from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Sulayman from Jarrah al-Mad’iniy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘I do not accept the testimony of a sinful man except against his own-self.’”

Je n'accepte pas le témoignage d'un pêcheur sauf contre lui-même.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The testimony of one born out of wedlock is not admissible.’”

قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ وَلَدِ الزِّنَى.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), would not accept the testimony of persons of offensive manners and those humiliated by law.”

...que l'Imam des croyants (qu'Allah prie sur lui et sur sa famille) ne recevait pas le témoignage d'un menteur ni d'une personne de mauvaise réputation en matière religieuse.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from ibn Faddal from Muhammad al-Ash‘ariy from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah from his father who has narrated the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), saying, ‘If four men among whom one is born out of wedlock testify before me against a man for fornication I will execute penalty on them all because his testimony is not acceptable and he cannot lead the people in Salat (prayer).’”

"Si quatre témoignaient devant moi contre un homme pour adultère, et parmi eux se trouvait l'enfant de l'adultère, je les punirais tous, car leur témoignage n'est pas valable et ils ne dirigent pas les gens."

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Musa from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali from Ali ibn ‘Uqbah from Musa b ’Ukayl al-Numayriy from al-‘Ala’ ibn Sayabah who has narrated the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘Testimony of the following people is not acceptable. (Of such people is) one who plays dice, (backgammon), or the game played with fourteen pieces of tokens and a friend (player) of Shahayn (the two kings) which means chess who says, ‘No, by Allah and yes by Allah. His king by Allah is dead and his king is killed but it is not dead or killed.’”

Le témoignage du joueur de backgammon et des quatorze est rejeté, et le témoignage du porteur de deux javelots est accepté. Il est dit: "Non, par Allah, oui, par Allah, il est mort, par Allah, il est un martyr, il a été tué, par Allah, il est un martyr, mais il n'est ni mort ni tué."

10. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith, the following is narrated: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The testimony of one who goes before al-Hujjaj (travelers for al-Hajj) as a precursor, is not acceptable because he kills his stumper, depletes his supplies, tires himself and treats his Salat (prayer) lightly.’ I then asked about the one who provides transportation for hire, camel man and boat operators. He (the Imam) said, ‘They are not bad and their testimony is acceptable if they are virtuous people.’”

Il n'est pas accepté le témoignage de celui qui est parti en pèlerinage, car il a tué sa monture, épuisé ses provisions, fatigué son âme et négligé sa prière. J'ai demandé : "Et les marchands, les chameaux et les marins ?" Il a répondu : "Il n'y a aucun mal à accepter leur témoignage s'ils sont justes".

11. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith, the following is narrated: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Performing Salat (prayer) behind one who asks payment for saying Adhan (call for Salat (prayer)) and Salat (prayer) and his testimony are not admissible.’”

Il n'est pas permis de prier derrière celui qui recherche par l'appel à la prière et à la prière une récompense, et sa témoignage n'est pas accepté.

12. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan Shammun from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al- Rahman al-Asamm from Misma‘ ibn ‘Abd al-Malik who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), would not allow the testimony of one who moves before al-Hujjaj (pilgrims to Makkah) as a precursor.”

L'Imam Ali (sur lui la paix) n'autorisait pas le témoignage d'une personne ayant effectué le pèlerinage auparavant.

13. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ibn Faddal from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, rejected the testimony of a beggar who extends his hand for help. It is because he does not believe in testimony in the sense that if one gives to him something he is happy and if he does not give anything he becomes angry.’”

Le Messager d'Allah (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a rejeté le témoignage de celui qui demande, alors qu'il a l'argent dans sa main. Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit: Cela parce qu'on ne peut pas se fier à son témoignage, car s'il reçoit, il est content, et s'il est refusé, il se fâche.

14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja‘far from his brother who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a beggar man who extends his hand for begging, if his testimony is acceptable. He (the Imam) said, ‘My father would not accept his testimony if he extended his hand for begging.’”

J'ai demandé à Abu al-Hasan (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet de celui qui demande avec insistance dans sa main, sa parole est-elle acceptée? Il a dit : Mon père (que la paix soit sur lui) n'acceptait pas sa parole s'il demandait dans sa main.