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Chapitre
Deeds Can be Classified into Three Distinct Groups
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3-221 Abul Hassan Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Ali al-Basry narrated that Abul Hassan Ali ibn al-Hassan ibn al-Maysami quoted Abul Hassan Ali ibn Mahraviat al-Qazvini, on the authority of Abu Ahmad al-Qazi, on the authority of Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (MGB), on the authority of his father Musa ibn Ja’far al-Kadhim (MGB), on the authority of his father Ja’far ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq (MGB), on the authority of his father Muhammad ibn Ali al-Baqir (MGB), on the authority of his father Ali ibn al-Hussein as-Sajjad (MGB), on the authority of his father Al-Hussein ibn Ali (MGB) that he had heard his father Ali ibn Abi Talib (MGB) say, “Deeds can be classified into three distinct groups: the obligatory deeds; the noble deeds; and sins. The obligatory deeds are done based upon God’s Orders, His Decrees, Pleasure, Volition, His Predetermination, and Knowledge. However, the noble deeds are not done based upon God’s Orders. However, they are done based upon God’s Pleasure, Decrees, Volition, His Predetermination, and Knowledge. And sins are not done based upon God’s Orders. However, they are done based upon God’s Decrees, Power, Predetermination, Volition and Knowledge. That is why God punishes us for committing them.”The compiler of the book - may God be pleased with him - said, “When it is said that sins are done based upon God’s Decrees, it implies that God has admonished us against doing them, since the Honorable the Exalted God’s Decrees for His servants regarding sins is to abandon them. What is meant by ‘it is based upon God’s Predetermination’ is that God knows the sin’s amount and extent. What is meant by ‘it is based upon God’s Volition’ means that the Honorable the Exalted God only hinders him from committing sins by means of advice, statements, forbidding and admonishment - not by force and use of power.”
IsnādAbu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Ali al-Basri a rapporté: Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Maythami a rapporté: Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Mahruyah al-Qazwini a rapporté: Abu Ahmad al-Ghazi a dit: Ali ibn Musa al-Rida a dit: Mon père Musa ibn Ja'far m'a rapporté, qui a dit que mon père Ja'far ibn Muhammad lui a dit, qui a dit que mon père Muhammad ibn Ali a dit, qui a dit que mon père Ali ibn al-Husayn a dit, qui a dit que mon père al-Husayn ibn Ali a dit: J'ai entendu mon père Ali ibn Abi Talib (que la paix soit sur eux) dire:
"Les actions sont de trois sortes: les obligations, les vertus et les péchés. Quant aux obligations, elles sont par l'ordre de Dieu, avec le consentement de Dieu, par le décret de Dieu, par Sa prédestination, Sa volonté, Sa connaissance et Sa grandeur. Quant aux vertus, elles ne sont pas par l'ordre de Dieu, mais par le consentement de Dieu, par le décret de Dieu, par Sa volonté, Sa connaissance et Sa grandeur. Quant aux péchés, ils ne sont pas par l'ordre de Dieu, mais par le décret de Dieu, par Sa prédestination, Sa volonté et Sa connaissance, puis Il les punira."