Le Commentaire de la Guidance, de l'Égarement, de la Direction et de l'Abandon vient d'Allah, le Très-Haut. — Al-Tawḥīd

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1. `Ali ibn `Abd Allah al-Warraq; Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Sinani; and `Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn `Imran al-Daqqaq (may Allah have mercy on them) all said: Abu al-`Abbas Ahmad ibn Yahya ibn Zakariyya al-Qittan said: Bakr ibn `Abd Allah ibn Hubayb said: Tamim ibn Bahlul said, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ja`far ibn Sulayman al-Basri, on the authority of `Abd Allah ibn al-Fadl al-Hashimi that I asked Abu `Abd Allah Ja`far ibn Muhammad (AS) about the Word of Allah, the Mighty and High: Whomsoever Allah guides, he is the rightly guided one and whomsoever He causes to err, you shall not find for him any friend to lead (him) aright. Therefore, he (AS) explained: Verily, Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, leads astray the oppressors on the Day of Judgment from the abode of His Kindness, and guides the Faithful ones and the ones with good deeds, to paradise, as He, the Mighty and High, says: And Allah causes the unjust to go astray, and Allah does what He pleases. The Mighty and High says: Surely (as for) those who believe and do good, their Lord will guide them by their faith; there shall flow from beneath them rivers in gardens of bliss. He says: I asked, “What about the Word of Mighty and High: And with none but Allah is the direction of my affair to a right issue, and His Word, the Mighty and High: If Allah assist you, then there is none that can overcome you, and if He forsakes you, who is there then that can assist you after Him? Thus, he (AS) replied: If a servant carried out what Allah, the Mighty and High, commands him to do in terms of obedience, then his action would be in accordance with the Command of Allah, the Mighty and High, and the servants will be directed. However, if a servant intends to disobey Allah, then Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, obstructs him from that disobedience, refraining him from it. If the servant was refrained from disobedience it was due to Allah’s guidance, Exalted be His Remembrance. Whenever He leaves him to disobedience, and does not present him from disobedience, then Allah has forsaken him, and decided not to guide him and assist him.

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2. Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: alHusayn ibn al-Hasan ibn Aban said, on the authority of al-Husayn ibn Sa`id, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Abu `Umayr, on the authority of Abu `Abd Allah al-Fana’, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Muslim and Muhammad ibn Marwan that Abu `Abd Allah al-Sadiq (AS) said: “The Messenger of Allah (SA) only knew that Jibra’il was from Allah, the Mighty and High, through (divine) direction [tawfiq].”

IsnādMuhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid a rapporté: Nous a informés Al-Husayn ibn Al-Hasan ibn Aban, de la part d'Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id, de la part de Muhammad ibn Abi 'Umayr, de la part d'Abu 'Abdullah al-Farâ', de la part de Muhammad ibn Muslim et Muhammad ibn Marwân, de la part d'Abu 'Abdullah (sur lui la paix), a dit:

Le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui et sa famille) n'a pas su que Gabriel était auprès d'Allah, le Puissant et Majestueux, sauf par la grâce divine.

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3. Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Qittan said: al-Hasan ibn `Ali al-Sukkari said: Abu `Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Zakariyya al-Basari said: Ja`far ibn Muhammad ibn `Umarah said, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Jabir ibn Yazid al-Ju`fi that I asked Abu Ja`far Muhammad ibn `Ali al-Baqir (AS) about the meaning of “there is no power and no strength save in Allah” [la hawla waw la quwwata illa bi Allah]. Therefore, he (AS) answered: “It means that we have no power to disobey Allah except by the help of Allah, and we have no strength to obey Allah except by the direction of Allah, the Mighty and High.”

IsnādAhmad ibn al-Hasan al-Qatān nous a informés, il a dit: Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Sukkarī nous a informés, il a dit: Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Zakariyā al-Baṣrī nous a informés, il a dit: Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAmmāra a rapporté de son père, de Jābir ibn Yazīd al-Juʿfī, de Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Bāqir, que la paix soit sur eux, a dit: "Je lui ai demandé la signification de 'Il n'y a ni force ni puissance en dehors d'Allah', il a dit: Sa signification est que nous n'avons pas le pouvoir de nous éloigner de la désobéissance à Allah sans l'aide d'Allah, et nous n'avons pas la force d'obéir à Allah sans la facilité d'Allah, le Tout-Puissant et Majestueux."

La signification est que nous n'avons pas le pouvoir de nous éloigner de la désobéissance à Allah sans l'aide d'Allah, et nous n'avons pas la force d'obéir à Allah sans la facilité d'Allah, le Tout-Puissant et Majestueux.

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4. `Abd al-Wahid ibn Muhammad ibn `Abdus al-`Attar (may Allah be pleased with him) said in Naysabur year 352 AH that `Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Qutaybah said, on the authority of Hamdan ibn Sulayman al-Naysaburi that I asked Abu al-Hasan `Ali ibn Musa al-Rida (AS) in Naysabur about the Word of Allah, the Mighty and High: Therefore, (for) whomsoever Allah intends that He would guide him aright, He expands his breast for Islam. He clarified, Whoever Allah intends to guide with faith in Him in this world, and to His Paradise and abode of Kindness in the Hereafter, He expands his breast in submission to Allah, trust in Him, and satisfaction with His Promises and Rewards until He is tranquil And whosoever He intends that He should cause him to err from His Paradise and abode of His Kindness in the Hereafter for his disbelief and disobedience of Allah in this world, He makes his breast strait and narrow so that he doubts due to his disbelief, and his heart is confused concerning his faith until he becomes as though he were ascending upwards; thus, does Allah lay uncleanness on those who do not believe.

IsnādAbd al-Wahid ibn Muhammad ibn Abdus al-Atar nous a informés, qu'Allah soit satisfait de lui, de Nisapour l'année deux cent cinquante-trois, il a dit: Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Qutayba nous a informés, de Hamdan ibn Sulayman al-Nisapouri, il a dit: J'ai interrogé Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Musa al-Rida, que la paix soit sur eux, de Nisapour, au sujet de la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Celui qu'Allah veut guider, Il lui ouvre la poitrine à l'Islam."

Il a dit: Celui qu'Allah veut guider par sa foi dans ce monde vers Son paradis et Sa demeure honorable dans l'au-delà, Il lui ouvre la poitrine à la soumission à Allah, à la confiance en Lui et à la quiétude face à la récompense promise, jusqu'à ce qu'il y trouve la tranquillité. Et celui qu'Il veut égarer de Son paradis et de Sa demeure honorable dans l'au-delà à cause de sa mécréance et de sa désobéissance dans ce monde, Il lui rend la poitrine étroite et oppressée jusqu'à ce qu'il doute de sa mécréance, et son cœur vacille dans sa croyance au point qu'il semble monter au ciel. Ainsi Allah place l'ignominie sur ceux qui ne croient pas. Chapitre de la réfutation des dualistes et des hérétiques.