Les Mérites de la Ziyārah des Croyants et Comment Elle Devrait Être Accomplie

2. Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan ibn Aḥmad ibn Walīd narrated to me from Ḥasan ibn Mattīl, from Muḥammad ibn ‘Abdillāh ibn Mihrān, from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthmān, who said: I heard Imam Riďā (a.s.) say: Those who cannot connect with us (directly) should connect with our righteous followers so that the reward for connecting with us is registered for them. And those who cannot come to our Ziyārah should go to the Ziyārah of our righteous followers so that the reward for coming to our Ziyārah is registered for them.

Celui qui n'est pas capable de maintenir des liens avec nous devrait maintenir des liens avec nos partisans. Il lui sera écrit une récompense pour avoir maintenu des liens avec nous. Et celui qui n'est pas capable de nous rendre visite devrait rendre visite à nos partisans. Il lui sera écrit une récompense pour avoir rendu visite à nous.

3. My father, Muḥammad ibn Ya’qūb, and all of my scholars narrated to me from Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, from Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā, who said: I was in Fayd with ‘Ali ibn Bilāl and we walked to the grave of Muḥammad ibn Ismā’īl ibn Bazī’. (Once we arrived at his grave), ‘Ali ibn Bilāl said to me: The owner of this grave narrated to me from Imam Riďā (a.s.), who said: Those who go to the graves of their brothers from among the believers, place their hands on the graves, and recite (the chapter of) “Innā Anzalnāh” seven times will be safe on the Day of Great Terror (the Day of Judgment).

Celui qui visite la tombe de son frère croyant, puis pose sa main sur la tombe, et récite 'Nous l'avons fait descendre sept fois, en préservant du jour du plus grand effroi'.

4. Muḥammad ibn Ḥusain ibn Mat Al-Jawhari narrated to me from Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā ibn ‘Imrān, who said: I was in Fayd when Muḥammad ibn ‘Ali ibn Bilāl said, “Let’s go to the grave of Muḥammad ibn Ismā’īl ibn Bazī’.” Once we arrived at his grave, Muḥammad ibn ‘Ali said: The owner of this grave narrated to me from one of the two Imams (a.s.), who said: Those who visit the graves of their brothers from among the believers, place their hands on the graves, face the Qiblah, and then recite (the chapter of) “Innā Anzalnāh” seven times will be safe from the Great Terror.

Celui qui visite la tombe de son frère croyant, se tourne vers la Qibla, pose sa main sur la tombe et récite "Nous l'avons fait descendre (le Coran) pendant la nuit d'Al-Qadr" sept fois, sera préservé du plus grand effroi.

5. Muḥammad ibn Ḥusain ibn Mat Al-Jawhari narrated to me from Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, from ‘Ali ibn Ismā’īl, from Muḥammad ibn ‘Amr, from Abān (ibn ‘Uthmān), from ‘Abdil Raḥmān ibn Abī ‘Abdillāh, who said: I asked Abā ‘Abdillāh (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)), “How should I place my hand on the graves of the believers?” Imam (a.s.) faced the Qiblah, pointed toward the earth, and then placed his hand on it.

J'ai demandé à Abu 'Abdillah (as): Comment devrais-je poser ma main sur les tombes des croyants? Il a pointé de sa main vers le sol, l'a posée dessus tout en étant face à la qibla.

6. Muḥammad ibn Ḥusain ibn Mat Al-Jawhari narrated to me from Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, from Mūsā ibn ‘Imrān, from ‘Abdillāh Al-Ḥajjāl, from Safwān Al-Jammāl, who said: I heard Abā ‘Abdillāh (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)) say: Every Thursday evening, the Messenger of Allāh (s.a.a.w.) used to go to Baqī’ of Madīnah along with a group of his companions and he would say three times, “Salām to you, O people of the graves.” Then he would say three times, “May Allāh’s Mercy be upon you.” Then he would turn to his companions and say, “They are better than you.” So his companions would ask, “Why is that, O Messenger of Allāh? They believed (in Allāh) and we too believe (in Allah), and they fought (in the way of Allāh) and we too have fought (in the way of Allāh).” He (the Messenger of Allāh (s.a.a.w.)) would reply, “They believed (in Allāh) but did not add oppression to their belief and they died while believing in Allāh; and I testify to this for them. However, you will live after me and I do not know what you will instigate after me!!!”

[Traduction complète du hadith]

7. Muḥammad ibn ‘Abdillāh ibn Ja’far Al-Ḥimyari narrated to me from his father, from Hārūn ibn Muslim, from Mas’adah ibn Ziyād, from Ja’far ibn Muḥammad (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)), from his father (Imam Bāqir (a.s.)), from his fathers (a.s.), who said: ‘Ali, the Commander of the Believers (a.s.), entered a graveyard along with (some of) his companions and called out: O people of the dust! O lonely people! O those who are quiet! O dead ones! The news that we bear is that your wealth has been distributed (among your heirs), your women have remarried, and your houses have been occupied. So what news do you have?!!! Then he turned to his companions and said: I swear to Allāh that if they had permission to speak, they would have replied saying, “There is no provision better than piety. ‘Verily the best provision is piety” (2:197).

Ali, l'émir des croyants, est entré dans un cimetière avec ses compagnons. Il a alors appelé : "Ô habitants de la terre, ô habitants de l'étrangeté, ô habitants de l'immobilité, ô habitants de la résignation. En ce qui concerne les nouvelles que nous avons, vos biens ont été distribués, vos femmes ont été mariées, vos maisons ont été habitées. Mais quelles sont les nouvelles que vous avez ?" Puis, il s'est tourné vers ses compagnons et a dit : "Par Allah, s'ils étaient autorisés à répondre, ils diraient : 'Rien ne vaut comme provision la piété, et le meilleur des biens est la piété.'"

8. My father and Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan both narrated to me from Ḥasan ibn Mattīl, from Sahl ibn Ziyād, from Muḥammad ibn Sinān, from Isḥāq ibn ‘Ammār, who said: I asked Abal Ḥasan (Imam Kāżim (a.s.)), “Do the believers know who visits their graves?” Imam (a.s.) replied, “Yes, and they enjoy the company of their visitors as long as they are next to them but as soon as they leave the grave, they (the believers in the grave) will feel a sudden loneliness.”

J'ai demandé à Abu al-Hassan (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Le croyant sait qui visite sa tombe ?" Il a répondu : "Oui, et il reste attaché à lui tant que celui-ci reste près de sa tombe. Quand il se lève et s'en va de sa tombe, il ressent de la solitude à cause de son départ de sa tombe."

9. Ḥasan ibn ‘Abdillāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ‘Isā narrated to me from his father, from his grandfather, from ‘Abdillāh ibn Mughīrah, from ‘Abdillāh ibn Sinān, who said: I asked Abā ‘Abdillāh (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)), “How should I say Salām to the people of the graves?” Imam (a.s.) replied: Recite (the following): Salām upon the people of the graves from among the believers and the Muslims. You have preceded us and we shall join you In-Shā`allāh. The above Ḥadīth has also been narrated to me through the following chain: My father, from Ḥusain ibn Ḥasan ibn Abān, from Muḥammad ibn Ūramah, from Ibn Abī Najrān, from ‘Abdillāh ibn Sinān, from Abī ‘Abdillāh (a.s.).

Mon père m'a informé, de la part d'Al-Husayn ibn Al-Hasan ibn Aban, de Muhammad ibn Uraymah, de Ibn Abi Najran, de Abdullah ibn Sinan, qui a dit : J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (as) et il a mentionné quelque chose de similaire.

10. Ḥasan ibn ‘Abdillāh narrated to me from his father, from Ḥasan ibn Maḥbūb, from ‘Amr ibn Abil Miqdām, from his father, who said: Abū Ja’far (Imam Bāqir (a.s.)) and I passed by Baqī’ and we walked by the grave of a man from among the Shia of Kūfah. I said to Abī Ja’far (Imam Bāqir (a.s.)), “May I sacrifice myself for you! This is the grave of one of the Shia.” Imam (a.s.) stopped next to the grave and said: O Allāh! Have mercy on his isolation; connect with him in his loneliness; keep him company in his desolation; make him feel safe in his (time of) fear; descend Your Mercy on him in a way that he will not need the mercy of others; and join him with those whom he loved.

Que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur notre Prophète Muhammad et sa famille. Allahumma salli ala Muhammad wa ali Muhammad.

11. My father narrated to me from Ḥusain ibn Ḥasan ibn Abān, from Ḥusain ibn Sa’īd, from Naďr ibn Suwayd, from Qāsim ibn Sulaymān, from Jarrāḥ Al-Madā`ini, who said: I asked Abā ‘Abdillāh (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)), “How should one say Salām to the people of the graves?” Imam (a.s.) replied: Recite (the following): Salām upon the people of the graves from among the believers and the Muslims. May Allāh’s Mercy be upon those of you who died long ago and those of you who died recently. We shall join you In-Shā`allāh. The above Ḥadīth has also been narrated through the following chain: (Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad) Al-Barqi, from his father, from Naďr ibn Suwayd, from Qāsim ibn Sulaymān, from Jarrāḥ Al-Madā`ini, from Abī ‘Abdillāh (a.s.).

La paix sur les habitants des demeures parmi les croyants et les musulmans. Que Dieu ait pitié des premiers d'entre vous et des derniers. Certes, nous, si Dieu le veut, nous vous rejoindrons.

12. I found in some books that Muḥammad ibn Sinān narrated from Mufaďďal/Fuďayl, who said: If someone recites “Innā Anzalnāh” seven times next to the grave of a believer, Allāh will send an angel to that grave who will worship Allāh next to it. The rewards for this worship will be registered for the one who is dead and (also) for him (the person who came to visit the grave of the believer). When this believer will be resurrected, he will not undergo any terror without Allāh removing it from him through the angel who was dedicated to his grave, and he will enter Paradise in the company of that angel. He added, “(When you go to the graves of the believers), recite (the chapter of) Al-Ḥamd one time, (the chapter of) Innā Anzalnāh seven times, then recite the Mu’awwadhatayn, (the chapter of) Qul Huwallāhu Aḥad, and Ayatul Kursī, each three times.”

Celui qui récite "Inna anzalnahu" près de la tombe d'un croyant sept fois, Allah envoie vers lui un ange qui adore Allah près de sa tombe, et la récompense de ce que fait cet ange est inscrite pour lui et pour le défunt. Lorsqu'Allah le ressuscite de sa tombe, il ne passe pas par l'épreuve sans qu'Allah ne l'écarte de lui par ce même ange délégué, jusqu'à ce qu'Allah le fasse entrer au Paradis avec cela. Il récite avec "Inna anzalnahu" la Sourate Al-Fatiha, les deux protections (Al-Mu'awwidhatayn), "Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad" et le Verset du Trône (Ayat al-Kursi) trois fois chacun. Il récite après Al-Fatiha "Inna anzalnahu" sept fois, ainsi que les deux protections, "Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad" et le Verset du Trône trois fois chacun, trois fois.

13. My father narrated to me from Ḥusain ibn Ḥasan ibn Abān, from Muḥammad ibn Ūramah, from Naďr ibn Suwayd, from ‘Āsim ibn Ḥumayd, from Muḥammad ibn Muslim, who said: I heard Abā Ja’far (Imam Bāqir (a.s.)) say: When the Messenger of Allāh (s.a.a.w.) would pass by the graves of a group of believers, he would say, “Salām upon the dwellings of the believers. In-Shā`allāh we shall join you.”

Quand le Messager de Dieu (que la paix soit sur lui) passait devant les tombes de certains croyants, il disait : "Paix sur vous, habitants des demeures des croyants. Et certes, nous, si Dieu le veut, nous vous rejoindrons."

14. My father narrated to me from Ḥusain ibn Ḥasan ibn Abān, from Muḥammad ibn Ūramah, from ‘Ali ibn Ḥakam, from Ibn ‘Ajlān, who said: Abū Ja’far (Imam Bāqir (a.s.)) stood next to the grave of a man and said: O Allāh! Connect with him in his loneliness; keep him company in his desolation; and descend Your Mercy on him in a way that he will not need the mercy of others.

Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) s'est tenu debout sur la tombe d'un homme et a dit : "Ô Allah, envoie Ta miséricorde sur sa solitude, apaise sa solitude, et accorde-lui de Ta miséricorde ce qui le dispense de la miséricorde des autres que Toi."

15. Muḥammad ibn ‘Abdillāh ibn Ja’far Al-Ḥimyari narrated to me from his father, from Aḥmad ibn Abī ‘Abdillāh Muḥammad Al-Barqi, from Ḥasan ibn ‘Ali Al-Washā, from ‘Ali ibn Abī Ḥamzah, who said: I asked Abā ‘Abdillāh (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)), “How should we say Salām to the people of the graves?” Imam (a.s.) replied: Recite (the following): Salām upon the people of the graves from among the men and women of the believers and the Muslims. You have preceded us and we shall join you In-Shā`allāh.

J'ai demandé à Abu Abd Allah (que la paix soit sur lui) comment saluer les habitants des tombes. Il a dit: Oui, tu dis: "Paix sur les habitants des demeures parmi les croyants, les croyantes, les musulmans et les musulmanes. Vous nous avez précédé et nous vous rejoindrons, si Allah le veut."

16. My father, ‘Ali ibn Ḥusain, and others narrated to me from Sa’d ibn ‘Abdillāh, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Khālid, from his father, from Hārūn ibn Jahm, from Mufaďďal ibn Sāliḥ, from Sa’d ibn Ťarīf, from Asbagh ibn Nubātah, who said: (One day) ‘Ali, the Commander of the Believers (a.s.), passed by some graves on his route. He turned to the right and said, “Salām to you, O people who have moved from palaces to graves. You have preceded us and we shall follow you, and In-Shā`allāh we shall join you.” Then he turned to the left and repeated the same statement.

Le contenu principal du hadith est une invocation de paix et de salutations adressée aux habitants des tombes, exprimant la certitude de rejoindre un jour les défunts dans l'au-delà, avec la volonté d'Allah.

17. Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan ibn Walīd narrated to me from someone whose name he mentioned, from Aḥmad ibn Abī ‘Abdillāh Al-Barqi, from his father, from Sa’dān ibn Muslim, from ‘Ali ibn Abī Ḥamzah, from Abī Basīr, who said: Abū ‘Abdillāh (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)) said: When you go to the graves, say Salām and recite (the following): Salām upon the people of the graves. Salām upon the believers and the Muslims in the graves. You have preceded us and we shall follow you and (soon) we will join you. Verily we are Allāh’s and to Him we shall return. O those who are in graves after having lived in palaces! O those who are in graves after having enjoyed the blessings and the pleasures! O people of the graves! Now that you are in the graves, how did you find the taste of death?!!! Then say, “Woe unto those who have gone to Hell.” And then cry and leave.

Il a dit : "Lorsque l'un d'entre vous se rend aux tombes, qu'il salue en disant : 'La paix soit sur les habitants des tombes, la paix sur ceux parmi les croyants et les musulmans qui y sont, vous êtes pour nous des précurseurs et nous vous suivrons. Nous vous rejoindrons bientôt. À Allah nous appartenons et c'est vers Lui que nous retournerons. Ô habitants des tombes, après avoir quitté les palais, ô habitants des tombes, après les bienfaits et la joie, vous êtes devenus des habitants des tombes, ô habitants des tombes, comment avez-vous trouvé le goût de la mort ?' Puis il dit : 'Malheur à celui qui est destiné au feu.' Ensuite, il verse une larme et s'en va."

18. Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan ibn Walīd narrated to me from someone whose name he mentioned, from Aḥmad ibn Abī ‘Abdillāh Al-Barqi, from some of our companions, from ‘Abbās ibn ‘Āmir Al-Qasbāni, from Yaqťīn, from Rabī’ ibn Muḥammad Al-Musli, who said: When Abū ‘Abdillāh (Imam Sādiq (a.s.)) would enter a graveyard, he would say: Salām upon the people of Paradise.

"Paix sur les habitants du Paradis."