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Chapitre
The meaning of the saying of Salman, may Allah be pleased with him, when the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: «Which of you fast for a lifetime? And which of you revives the night? And which of you completes the Qur’an every day?» To which he said with regards to that: «Me»
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1. We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Yahya al-‘Attar, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by my father, from Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Isa, from Nuh bin Shu’aib al-‘Aqraqufi, from Shu’aib, from Abu Baseer, that he said: I heard al-Sadiq, Ja’far bin Muhammed, peace be upon them both, narrate from his father, from his fathers, peace be upon them, that he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said one day to his companions: Which of you fasts for a lifetime? Then Salman, upon whom is Allah’s mercy, said: Me, O Messenger of Allah. Then the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Then which of you revives the night? Salman said: Me, O Messenger of Allah. He said: Then which of you completes the Qur’an every day? Then Salman said: Me, O Messenger of Allah. Then some of his companions were angered, and he said: O Messenger of Allah, indeed, Salman, a man from the Persians, wants to pride over us? You said: «Which you fasts for a lifetime?» and he said: «Me» whereas he eats most of his days. And you said: «Which of you revives the night?» and then he said: «Me» whereas he sleeps most of his night. And you said: «Which of you completes the Qur’an every day?» and then he said: «Me» whereas he is silent most of his time. Then the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Careful, O such-a-person, how can you achieve that of Luqman the Wise? Ask him, for indeed, he will inform you. Then the man said to Salman: O servant of Allah, did you not claim that you fast for a lifetime? He said: Yes. Then he said: I have seen you eating (throughout) most of your day. He said: It is not as you think. I fast the three days a month, and Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, said: «The one who brings a good deed, to him is ten the likes of it.» (6:160). Furthermore, the root of Sha’ban is in the month of Ramadhan. Hence, that is fasting for a lifetime. Then he said: Did you not claim that you revive the night? He said: Yes. Then he said: You sleep most of your night. He said: It is not as you think. However, I have heard my beloved, the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, say: «The one who sleeps upon (being in a state of) purity, it is as if he has revived the night.» Hence, I sleep upon (being in a state of) purity. Then he said: Did you not claim that you complete the Qur’an every day? He said: Yes. He said: But you are silent most of your days. He said: It is not as you think. However, I have heard my beloved, the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, say to Ali, peace be upon him: «O father of Hasan, your example in my nation is like the example of: Say, He is Allah, One and Only. (112:1) Hence, the one who recites it once, has certainly recited a third of the Qur’an, and the one who recites it twice, has certainly recited two thirds of the Qur’an, and the one who recites it three times, has certainly completed the Qur’an. Thus, the one who loves you with his tongue, a third of faith has certainly been fulfilled for him, and the one who loves you with his tongue and heart, two thirds of faith has certainly been fulfilled for him, and the one who loves you with his tongue and heart and who assists you with his hand, faith has been completed for him. By He who sent me with the truth, O Ali, if the people of earth loved you like (the extent of) the love of the people of Heaven to you, none would have been tormented in the Fire.» I recite «Say, He is Allah, One and Only» (112:1) three times every day. Then he stood up, and it was as if he was force-fed with stone.
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya al-ʿAttar a rapporté: Mon père nous a informés, d'après Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ʿIsa, de la part de Nuḥ ibn Shaʿīb al-ʿUqayqūfī, de la part de Shaʿīb, de la part d'Abī Baṣīr, qui a dit: J'ai entendu aṣ-Ṣādiq, Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad, paix et bénédictions soient sur eux, rapporter de son père, de ses ancêtres, paix sur eux, que le Messager d'Allah, paix et bénédictions soient sur lui, a dit un jour à ses compagnons: "Lequel d'entre vous jeûne-t-il continuellement?" Salman - que la miséricorde d'Allah soit sur lui - répondit: "Moi, ô Messager d'Allah." Le Messager d'Allah, paix et bénédictions soient sur lui, demanda ensuite: "Lequel d'entre vous accomplit la prière de nuit?" Salman répondit: "Moi, ô Messager d'Allah." Le Prophète demanda alors: "Lequel d'entre vous termine la récitation du Coran chaque jour?" Salman répondit: "Moi, ô Messager d'Allah." Certains de ses compagnons se mirent en colère et dirent: "Ô Messager d'Allah, Salman est un homme originaire de la Perse qui cherche à se vanter devant nous!" J'ai dit: "Lequel d'entre vous jeûne-t-il continuellement?" Il répondit: "Moi, et la plupart de mes jours je mange." J'ai demandé: "Lequel d'entre vous accomplit la prière de nuit?" Il répondit: "Moi, et la plupart de mes nuits je dors." J'ai demandé: "Lequel d'entre vous termine la récitation du Coran chaque jour?" Il répondit: "Moi, et la plupart de mes jours je jeûne." Le Messager d'Allah, paix et bénédictions soient sur lui, dit alors: "Comment, ô Untel, en es-tu arrivé à être comme Luqmān le Sage? Demande-lui, car il te donnera des informations." L'homme dit à Salman: "Ô Abd Allah, n'as-tu pas prétendu jeûner continuellement?" Il répondit: "Si." L'homme dit: "Je t'ai vu manger la plupart de tes jours?" Salman répondit: "Là où tu vas, je jeûne les trois jours du mois, et Allah le Puissant et Majestueux a dit: 'Celui qui accomplit une bonne action en sera récompensé dix fois son équivalent.' Et le mois de Shaʿbān est suivi du mois de Ramaḍān, c'est cela le jeûne continu." L'homme dit: "N'as-tu pas prétendu accomplir la prière de nuit?" Salman répondit: "Si." L'homme dit: "Tu passes la plupart de tes nuits à dormir." Salman répondit: "Là où tu vas, mais j'ai entendu mon bien-aimé, le Messager d'Allah, paix et bénédictions soient sur lui, dire: 'Celui qui se couche en état de pureté, c'est comme s'il avait passé la nuit en prière.' Donc, je me couche en état de pureté." L'homme dit: "N'as-tu pas prétendu terminer la récitation du Coran chaque jour?" Salman répondit: "Si." L'homme dit: "Tu jeûnes la plupart de tes jours." Salman répondit: "Là où tu vas, mais j'ai entendu mon bien-aimé, le Messager d'Allah, paix et bénédictions soient sur lui, dire à ʿAlī, que la paix soit sur lui: 'Ô Abū al-Ḥasan, quelqu'un comme toi dans ma communauté est comme dire "Il est Allah, Unique", celui qui la récite une fois a récité un tiers du Coran, celui qui la récite deux