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Chapitre
The meaning of the Trusts that were presented upon the Heavens, the earth and the mountains, but which they refused to carry and feared, and which the human being carried
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1. We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Haitham al-‘Ajali, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Abu’l-Abbas, Ahmad bin Yahya bin Zakariya al-Qattan, that he said: We were told by Abu Muhammed, Bikr bin Abdullah bin Habib, that he said: We were told by Tamim bin Buhlul, from his father, from Muhammed bin Sinan, from Mufaddal bin Umar, that he said: Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, said: Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, created the souls before the bodies by two thousand years, and He made the most sublime and honored of them the souls of Muhammed, Ali, Fatima, Hasan, Hussain and the Imams after them, Allah’s blessings be upon them. Then he presented it upon the Heavens, the earth and the mountains, and their light covered them, and Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said to the Heavens, the earth and the mountains: These are My Beloved, My Viceregents, My Proof upon My creation and the Imams of My living creatures. I have not created a creation that is more beloved to Me than them; to those who befriend them, I have created My Paradise, and to those who oppose them and antagonize them, I have created My Fire. Hence, the one who proclaims their rank from Me and position from My Mightiness, I will torment him a torment I will not torment anyone from all the worlds, and I will make him among the polytheists in the lowest level of My Fire, and the one who acknowledges their Divine Authority and does not proclaim their rank from Me and position from My Mightiness, I will make him among them in the Gardens of My Paradise, and they will have in it what they wish from Me, and I will permit for them My Generosity, allow for them My Vicinity and I will intercede for them among the sinners of My servants and maids. Thus, their Divine Authority is a trust for My creation. So, who of you will carry it with its weights and proclaim it for himself, other than My Chosen? Then the Heavens, the earth and the mountains refused to carry it, and they feared from proclaiming its rank and wishing for its position from the Mightiness of their Lord. Then, when Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, made Adam and his wife settle in the Garden, He said to them both: «Eat, both of you, from it abundantly how you wish, and do not come near this tree» - referring to the tree of wheat - «lest you become among the wrongdoers.» (2:35) Then they looked at the rank of Muhammed, Ali, Fatima, Hasan, Hussain and the Imams after them, Allah’s blessings be upon them, and they found them the most honored ranks of the people of the Garden, so they said: O our Lord, to whom is this rank? Then Allah, Glorified be His Glory, said: Raise, both of you, your heads towards the leg of My Throne. So they raised their heads and found the name of Muhammed, Ali, Fatima, Hasan, Hussain and the Imams after them, Allah’s blessings be upon them, written on the leg of the Throne with a Light from the Light of the Omnipotent, Glorified be His Glory, and said: O our Lord, how dignified are the people of this rank to You, and how beloved are they to You, and how honored are them to You. Then Allah, Glorified be His Glory, said: Were it not for them, I would not have created both of you. These are the Keeprs of My Knowledge and My Trustees over My Secret; beware, both of you, from looking at them with the eye of jealousy and wishing their rank to Me and their position from My Generosity, lest you enter into My prohibition and disobedience, by which you become among the wrongdoers. They said: Our Lord, and who are the wrongdoers? He said: The proclaimers of their rank without right. They said: Our Lord, then show us the ranks of their wringers in Your Fire that we might see them, like how we saw their rank in Your Garden. Then Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, ordered the Fire and it displayed all that was in it from the kinds of exemplary punishment and torture, and He, Exalted and Glorious is He, said: The place of those who wrong them, those who proclaimed their rank, are in the lowest level of it; whenever they want to exit it, they are returned to it, and whenever their skins grow, they are replaced by others, that they might taste the torment. O Adam and O Hawwa’, do not look at My Lights and Proofs with the eye of jealousy, lest I make you descend from My Vicinity and afflict you with My ignominy. Then the Devil whispered to them to make apparent to them what was ignited of them with regards to their misdeeds, and he said: The prohibition to you of your Lord from this tree is for not but if you are two Angels or among the ever-dwelling. He then swore to them: Indeed, I am to you, from the advisors. Then he lead them with conceit and carried them to wish for their rank, and they looked at them with the eye of jealously, and so, they were abandoned until they ate from the tree of wheat. Then, the spot from which they ate turned into barley, and the root of the wheat was all from that which they did not eat, and the root of the barley was all from that which returned in the spot they ate from. Then, when they ate from the tree, the ornaments and the covers flew away from their bodies and they remained naked, and they immediately began mending them with leaves of the Garden. Their Lord then called to them: Did I not forbid you from that tree and say to you: Indeed, the Devil is to you a clear enemy? Then they said: Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and grant us mercy, we will, verily, be among the loosers. He said: Descend from My Vicinity, for they will not be near Me in My Garden, those who disobey Me. Then they descended, having been entrusted to themselves with regards to seeking sustenance. When Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, wanted to accept their repentance, Jibra’eel came to them and said to them: Indeed, you only wronged yourselves by wishing for the rank of those who were preferred over you, and hence, your reward is what you have been punished with regarding descendance from the Vicinity of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, to His ground. Therefore, ask your Lord by the Names which you saw on the leg of the Throne that He might accept your repentance. Then they said: O Allah, indeed, we ask you by those who are the Most Dignified to you, Muhammed, Ali, Fatima, Hasan, Hussain and the Imams, peace be upon them, that, pleadingly, You accept our repentance and grant us mercy. Then Allah accepted their repentance, He is, indeed, the Acceptor of Repentance, the All-Merciful. The Prophets of Allah did not cease, guarding this trust and informing with it to their Successors and the sincere from their nations, but they would refuse to carry it and are frightened from proclaiming it, and it has been carried by the human being who knows. Hence, the origin of every wrong-doing is from it, till the Day of Resurrection, and that is the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Indeed, We presented the trust upon the Heavens, the earth and the mountains, but they refused to carry it and feared it, and it was carried by the human being. He is, indeed, wrong-doing, ignorant.» (33:72)
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Haytham al-'Ajli nous a informés, qu'Allah soit satisfait de lui, il a dit: Abu al-'Abbas Ahmad ibn Yahya ibn Zakariya al-Qattan nous a informés, il a dit: Abu Muhammad Bakr ibn Abdullah ibn Habib nous a informés, il a dit: Tamim ibn Bahlul nous a informés, de son père, de Muhammad ibn Sinan, de al-Mufaddal ibn 'Umar, il a dit: Abu 'Abdullah (paix soit sur lui) a dit: "Certes, Allah, exalté et glorifié soit-Il, a créé les âmes avant les corps de mille ans, Il a alors placé les âmes les plus élevées et les plus nobles, les âmes de Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hassan, Hussain et les Imams [qui viendront après eux], que les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur eux. Il les a présentées aux cieux, à la terre et aux montagnes, et leur lumière les a enveloppés. Allah, exalté et glorifié soit-Il, a dit aux cieux, à la terre et aux montagnes: 'Ceux-ci sont Mes bien-aimés, Mes alliés, Mes preuves envers Ma création, et les Imams de Ma satisfaction. Aucune création que J'ai faite n'est plus chère pour Moi qu'eux, et pour ceux qui les soutiennent, J'ai créé Mon Paradis, et pour ceux qui les défient et les contredisent, J'ai créé Mon Enfer. Celui qui revendique leur rang auprès de Moi et leur place de Ma grandeur, Je le punirai d'un châtiment que Je n'infligerai à personne d'autre parmi les mondes, et Je le placerai avec les associateurs au plus bas degré de Mon Enfer. Et celui qui reconnaît leur autorité et ne revendique pas leur rang auprès de Moi et leur place de Ma grandeur, Je le placerai avec eux dans les jardins de Mon Paradis, où ils auront ce qu'ils désirent en Ma présence, et Je les honorerai, et Je leur permettrai d'intercéder en faveur des pécheurs parmi Mes serviteurs et Mes servantes. Leur autorité est une responsabilité envers Ma création, alors qui parmi vous la portera avec ses charges et la revendiquera pour lui-même sans Mon choix?' Les cieux, la terre et les montagnes ont refusé de la porter, craignant de revendiquer leur rang et de désirer leur place de la grandeur de leur Seigneur. Lorsqu'Allah, exalté et glorifié soit-Il, a installé Adam et son épouse dans le Paradis, Il leur a dit: 'Mangez-en tous deux à satiété où vous voulez, mais n'approchez pas de cet arbre - il s'agit de l'arbre de blé - sinon vous seriez parmi les injustes.' Ils ont alors regardé la position de Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hassan, Hussain et les Imams qui viendront après eux, que les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur eux, et ils ont trouvé que c'était la plus noble des demeures des habitants du Paradis. Ils ont demandé: 'Ô notre Seigneur, à qui appartient cette demeure?' Allah, Majestueux et Glorieux soit-Il, leur a dit: 'Levez vos têtes vers la jambe de Mon Trône.' Ils ont levé leurs têtes et ont vu les noms de Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hassan, Hussain et les Imams qui viendront après eux, que les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur eux, inscrits sur la jambe du Trône avec une lumière de la lumière du Tout-Puissant, Majestueux et Glorieux soit-Il. Ils ont dit: 'Ô notre Seigneur, comment ces gens sont-ils honorés par Vous, et comment sont-ils aimés de Vous, et comment sont-ils nobles à Vos yeux!' Allah, Majestueux et Glorieux soit-Il, a répondu: 'Si ce n'était pour eux, Je ne vous aurais pas cré
2. We were told by Muhammed bin Musa bin Mutawakkil, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Abdullah bin Ja’far al-Himyari, from Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Isa, from Hasan bin Ali bin Faddal, from Marwan bin Muslim, from Abu Baseer, that he said: I asked Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Indeed, We presented the trust upon the Heavens, the earth and the mountains, but they refused to carry it and feared it, and it was carried by the human being. He is, indeed, wrong-doing, ignorant.» (33:72) He said: The trust is the Divine Authority, and the human being is the one of evils, the hypocrite.
IsnādNous a informé Muhammad ibn Musa ibn al-Mutawakkil - qu'Allah soit satisfait de lui - qui a dit: Nous a informé Abdullah ibn Ja'far al-Humayri, d'après Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa, d'après al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Fudal, d'après Marwan ibn Muslim, d'après Abi Basir, qui a dit: J'ai interrogé Abi Abdullah - sur lui la paix - concernant la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Nous avons proposé la responsabilité aux cieux, à la terre et aux montagnes, mais ils ont refusé de la porter et en ont eu peur. L'homme l'a portée; en vérité, il était injuste et ignorant."
La responsabilité désigne la wilaya, et l'homme fait référence au père des pires mécréants hypocrites.
3. We were told by Ahmad bin Ziyad bin Ja’far al-Hamdani, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim bin Hashim, from his father, from Ali bin Ma’bad, from Hussain bin Khalid, that he said: I asked Abu’l-Hasan, Ali bin Musa al-Rida, peace be upon them both, about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Indeed, We presented the trust upon the Heavens, the earth and the mountains, but they refused to carry it and feared it, and it was carried by the human being. He is, indeed, wrong-doing, ignorant.» (33:72) So he said: The trust is the Divine Authority; he who proclaims it without right, has disbelieved.
IsnādAhmad ibn Ziyad ibn Ja'far al-Hamdani nous a informés, il a dit: Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim nous a informés, de son père, de Ali ibn Ma'bad, de Al-Hussein ibn Khalid, il a dit: J'ai interrogé Abou Al-Hassan Ali ibn Moussa Al-Rida, que la paix soit sur eux, au sujet de la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Nous avons proposé le dépôt aux cieux, à la terre et aux montagnes, mais ils ont refusé de le porter" - le verset - Il a dit: Le dépôt, c'est la wilaya (l'allégeance). Celui qui la revendique sans droit commet de la mécréance.