La signification de la satisfaction d'Allah, Exalté et Glorieux soit-Il, et de Sa colère

2. With this chain, from Ahmad bin Abi Abdillah, from his father, that he ascribed it to Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah: «And when they grieved Us, We took retribution from them» (43:55), that he said: Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, does not grieve like our grieving, however, He created Allies for Himself who are to grieve and to be satisfied, and they are created, managed. So, He made their satisfaction a satisfaction for Himself, and their anger an anger for Himself, and that is because He made them those who call to him and guide to him, and for that they became as such. It is not that this reaches Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, like how it reaches His creation, however, this is the meaning of what He said about that. He also said: He who humiliates an Ally to me, has indeed drawn a sword against Me in combat and invited Me to it. He also said: «He who obeys the Messenger, has indeed obeyed Allah.» (4:80) He also said: «Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to you, are only pledging allegiance to Allah.» (48:09) All this and its similar is upon that which I mentioned to you, and so is satisfaction, wrath and other things than them that are similar to that. If it would be that for the Creator, it reaches grief and weariness, when He is the One who made them and created them, it would be possible for a sayer to say: Indeed, the Creator is to be annihilated one day, because if weariness and anger enter him, (it implies that) change enters him, and if change enters him, He cannot be secured from annihilation, and if it was as such, the Creator would not have been recognized from the created. Exalted is Allah above this saying, a great exaltation. He is the Creator of things, not for any need, and if it was for no need, limit and condition would be impossible in Him. Hence, understand that, Allah willing.

Allah le Très-Haut dit : "Puis, lorsqu'ils Nous irritent, Nous Nous vengeons d'eux." Il a dit : Certes, Allah, exalté soit-Il, n'éprouve pas d'irritation comme nous, mais Il a créé des alliés pour Lui-même qui s'irritent et se satisfont, étant des créatures soumises. Il a fait de Leur satisfaction Sa propre satisfaction et de Leur colère Sa propre colère, car Il les a désignés comme appelants à Lui et comme preuves de Lui. Ainsi sont-ils devenus, sans que cela n'atteigne Allah comme cela atteint Ses créatures. Cela est le sens de ce qui a été dit à ce sujet. Il a également dit : "Celui qui avilit l'un de Mes alliés, Je lui déclare la guerre, et Ma créature M'a invité à le faire." Il a également dit : "Celui qui obéit au Messager, obéit à Allah." Et Il a dit également : "Ceux qui te prêtent serment d'allégeance ne font que prêter serment à Allah." Et tout cela et des exemples similaires à ceux que je t'ai mentionnés, ainsi en est-il de la satisfaction, de la colère et d'autres choses similaires à cela. Si l'irritation et le déplaisir atteignaient le Créateur, et c'est Lui qui les a instaurés et créés, il serait permis à celui qui le dit de dire : "Le Créateur détruirait un jour ce qu'Il a créé, car si le déplaisir et la colère l'envahissent, le changement s'ensuit, et si le changement survient, l'anéantissement n'est pas exclu pour lui." Si cela était ainsi, le Créateur ne serait pas distingué de la créature, et Allah est bien au-dessus de cette affirmation. Il est le Créateur des choses sans besoin, car s'il n'y avait pas de besoin, les limites et les modalités en Lui seraient impossibles. Comprends cela, s'il plaît à Allah.

3. We were told by Muhammed bin Musa bin Mutawakkil, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim bin Hashim, from his father, from Abbas bin Amru al-Fuqaymi, from Hisham bin Hakam, that a man asked Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, about Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, if He has satisfaction and anger. He said: Yes, and that is not like what exists in creatures, and that is because satisfaction and anger are penetrators that enter into him and change him from one condition to another condition. He is disordered, composed, and things have an entrance to him. Our Creator has no entrance for things into Him; He is One, One in essence, One in meaning. Hence, His satisfaction is His reward, and His anger is His punishment, without anything that interlaces Him by which it agitates Him and moves Him from one condition to another condition, for that is indeed the characteristic of the created, incapable, the needy. Whereas He, Blessed and Exalted, is the Strong and Mighty. He has no need for anything from what He created, and all His creation are needy of Him. He only created things out of no need nor cause, of invention and innovation.

Il a répondu: Oui, et cela ne ressemble en rien à ce qui se trouve parmi les créatures, car la satisfaction et la colère sont des attributs qui viennent à Lui et Le transforment d'un état à un autre, alors que les créatures sont composées d'éléments et sont sujettes à des influences. Notre Créateur, Lui, n'est pas composé d'éléments, Il est Un, Un en essence, Un en signification. Sa satisfaction est Sa récompense et Sa colère est Son châtiment, sans qu'aucun élément ne Le perturbe ou ne L'influence. Cela est l'attribut des créatures impuissantes et dépendantes, tandis que Lui, Le Très-Haut, est Le Puissant, Le Tout-Puissant, n'ayant besoin de rien de ce qu'Il a créé, et toutes Ses créatures ont besoin de Lui. Il a créé les choses sans besoin ni raison, par pure volonté et création.