2. We were told by Ahmad bin Hasan al-Qattan, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Yahya bin Zakariya al-Qattan, that he said: We were told by Bikr bin Abdullah bin Habib, that he said: We were told by Tamim bin Buhlul, from his father, from Abdullah ibn Fudail, from his father, that he said: I heard Abu Khalid al-Kabuli say: I heard the Graceful of Worshippers, Ali bin Hussain, peace be upon them both, say: The sins that change graces are transgression against people, discontinuing the habits of goodness and making righteous acts, disbelief in graces and abandoning thankfulness. Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, said: «Indeed, Allah does not change what is in a people until they change what is in themselves.» (13:11) The sins that cause regret is killing the soul that Allah has declares sacred. Allah, Exalted is He, said: «And do not kill the soul whom Allah has declared sacred» (6:151). He, Exalted and Glorious is He, said with regards to the story of Qabeel when he killed his brother, Habeel, and was unable to bury him: «Then his soul enticed him to kill his brother, so he killed, and he became among those who regret.» (5:30) [1] Also, (among those sins are) abandoning connection with kinship until they become rich, abandoning prayer until its (preferred) time is out, abandoning the giving of testament and the return of rights (to their owners) and (among those thins are) the prevention of alms tax until death arrives and the tongue is locked. The sins that cause wraths to descend are (acts of) disobedience by the one who knows (that they are forbidden) by transgressing, offending people, mocking them and ridiculing them. The sins that repel shares is to appear (by pretending) to have poverty, sleeping during complete darkness and the prayer of the early morning, belittling graces and complaining against the Worshipped, Exalted and Glorious is He. The sins that violate protections are drinking wine, playing with bets, dealing with what makes people laugh, such as with non-sense and joking, mentioning the blemishes of people and sitting with people of dubiousness. The sins that cause tribulation to descend are abandoning the giving of refuge to the worried, abandoning the giving of assistance to the oppressed and wasting (the execution of the duty of) the enjoining of good and the forbidding of evil. The sins that give power to enemies are public (performance of) oppression, announcing obscenity, allowing the forbidden, disobedience to the good and giving in to the evil. The sins that cause the haste of termination are disconnecting from kinship, false rightly-handed promises, untrue sayings, fornication, interrupting the roads of the Muslims, proclaiming leadership without right and denial of the promise of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He. The sins that darken the atmosphere are magic, shamanism, belief in stars, denial of destiny and disobedience to parents. The sins that uncover the veil are taking debt without the intention of fulfilling it (by paying it back), thriftlessness by spending on falsehood, stinginess towards one’s family, children and kinship, bad mannerisms, little patience, appealing to worry, laziness and belitting the people of religion. The sins that repel prayer are having evil intention, having wicked inner self, hypocrisy with one’s brothers, abandoning the giving of conceding response, delaying the obligatory prayers until their (preferred) times pass, abandoning the seeking of nearness to Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, with righteousness and charity and the usage of vulgarity and foul talk in speech. The sins that restrain the rain from the sky are tyranny of the rulers in judging, false testimonies, concealment of testimonies, prevention of the (giving of) alms tax and support, harshness of the heart towards the people of poverty and destitution, oppression of orphans and widows and rebuffing the asker (for help) and rejecting him at night.
Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Qattan nous a informés, il a dit: Ahmad ibn Yahya ibn Zakariya al-Qattan nous a informés, il a dit: Bakr ibn Abdullah ibn Habib nous a informé, il a dit: Tamim ibn Bahlul nous a rapporté de son père, de Abdullah ibn al-Fudayl, de son père, il a dit: J'ai entendu Abu Khalid al-Kabuli dire: J'ai entendu Zayn al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Hussein, que la paix soit sur eux, dire: Les péchés qui changent les bienfaits sont l'oppression envers les gens, l'abandon des bonnes habitudes, l'abandon des bonnes actions, renier les bienfaits et ne pas exprimer de gratitude. Allah, exalté soit-Il, a dit: "Allah ne modifie pas l'état d'un peuple tant qu'ils ne modifient pas ce qui est en eux-mêmes." Et les péchés qui engendrent le regret sont le meurtre d'une personne interdit par Allah. Allah Très-Haut a dit: "Et ne tuez pas l'âme qu'Allah a interdit de tuer." Et Il a dit, exalté soit-Il, dans l'histoire de Caïn lorsqu'il tua son frère Abel et fut incapable de l'enterrer, alors son âme lui ordonna de tuer son frère et il le tua, "et il devint parmi les regrettants." Et l'abandon des liens de parenté jusqu'à ce qu'ils deviennent indépendants, l'abandon de la prière jusqu'à ce que son temps soit écoulé, l'abandon des recommandations et la restitution des injustices, la négligence de l'aumône jusqu'à l'approche de la mort et que la langue se taise. Et les péchés qui attirent les châtiments sont la désobéissance du connaisseur envers l'oppression, l'arrogance envers les gens, se moquer d'eux et se moquer d'eux. Et les péchés qui entraînent la division sont l'exhibition de la pauvreté, le sommeil dans l'obscurité, le retard de la prière du midi, le mépris des bienfaits, se plaindre du Seigneur Tout-Puissant. Et les péchés qui brisent l'immunité sont la consommation d'alcool, le jeu de hasard, la participation à ce qui fait rire les gens de frivolité et de plaisanterie, mentionner les défauts des gens, fréquenter les gens du doute. Et les péchés qui attirent les calamités sont l'abandon du secours aux nécessiteux, l'abandon de l'aide aux opprimés, le négligence de l'ordonnance du bien et l'interdiction du mal. Et les péchés qui favorisent les ennemis sont l'affichage de l'injustice, la proclamation de la débauche, la permission de l'interdit, la désobéissance des pieux, l'impression des méchants. Et les péchés qui hâtent la destruction sont la rupture des liens familiaux, le serment mensonger, les paroles mensongères, la fornication, bloquer les voies des musulmans, prétendre au leadership sans droit. Et les péchés qui coupent l'espoir sont le désespoir de l'esprit d'Allah, le désespoir de la miséricorde d'Allah, la confiance en autre qu'Allah, le déni de la promesse d'Allah, le mépris de l'air. Et les péchés qui révèlent la vérité sont l'emprunt sans intention de rembourser, la dépense excessive pour le faux, la radinerie envers la famille, les enfants, les proches et le mauvais caractère, le manque de patience, l'utilisation de la lassitude, la paresse, le mépris des gens de religion. Et les péchés qui repoussent les prières sont les mauvaises intentions, la malice du caractère, l'hypocrisie envers les frères
