La signification des termes mentionnés dans le Livre et la Tradition sur le Monothéisme

2. We were told by Muhammed bin Musa bin Mutawakkil, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Husain al-Sa’d-Abadi, from Ahmad bin Abi Abdillah al-Barqi, from his father, from Rabee’ al-Warraq, from Salih bin Sahl, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Everything is to perish, except for His Face» (28:88). He said: Us.

concernant la parole d'Allah, le Très Haut: "Tout est voué à disparaître sauf Son Visage." Il a dit: "C'est nous."

3. We were told by Muhammed bin Ibrahim bin Ahmad bin Yunus al-Mu’adhi, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Sa’eed al-Kufi al-Hamdani, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Hasan bin Faddal, from his father, that he said: I asked al-Rida, Ali bin Musa, peace be upon him, about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «No! Verily, they are, from their Lord, on that Day, indeed, obstructed» (83:15) to which he said: Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, is not characterized by a place in which He is embodied and in which His servants will be obstructed from Him, however, He, Exalted and Glorious is He, means that they will be, from the reward of their Lord, obstructed. Also, I asked him about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And your Lord came, and the Angels, rows after rows» (89:23) to which he said: Indeed, Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, is not characterized by coming and going. Exalted is He above movement. He only means by that: And the commandment of your Lord came, and the Angels, rows after rows. Also, I asked him about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Do they wait but that Allah will come to them in shadows of clouds, and so the Angels» (2:210). He said: He says: «Do they wait but that Allah will bring to them Angels in shadows of clouds.» [1] This is how it was revealed. Also, I asked him about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Allah ridiculed them» (9:78) and about His saying: «Allah derides them» (2:15) and about His saying: «And they plotted, and Allah plotted» (3:54) and about His saying: «They attempt to deceive Allah, whilst He deceives them» (4:142) to which he said: Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, does not ridicule, nor mock, nor plot, nor deceive, however, Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, will reward them with the reward of ridiculing, and the reward of mocking, and the reward of plotting, and the reward of deception. Exalted is Allah above what the wrongdoers say, a Great Highness.

J'ai interrogé ar-Rida Ali ibn Musa, que la paix soit sur eux, au sujet de la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Non! Ils seront, ce jour-là, voilés de leur Seigneur." Il a dit: "Certes, Allah, glorifié et élevé soit-Il, n'est pas décrit par un endroit où Il descendrait et serait voilé de Ses serviteurs, mais Il signifie qu'ils seront voilés de la récompense de leur Seigneur. Et je lui ai demandé au sujet de la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Et ton Seigneur viendra ainsi que les Anges, rang par rang." Il a dit: "Certes, Allah, exalté soit-Il, n'est pas décrit par des déplacements et des allées venues, Il est au-dessus de cela, mais cela signifie: l'ordre de ton Seigneur et les Anges viendront rang par rang." Et je lui ai demandé au sujet de la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Regardent-ils donc que l'Heure leur vienne soudain, tandis qu'ils ne s'en rendent pas compte?" Il a dit: "Ils regardent-ils donc que Allah leur vienne avec les Anges dans les ombres des nuages." Et ainsi elle a été révélée. Et je lui ai demandé au sujet de la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Allah se moque d'eux." Et au sujet de Sa parole: "Allah se joue d'eux." Et au sujet de Sa parole: "Et ils rêvent de tromper Allah, alors qu'Allah les trompe." Il a dit: "Certes, Allah, glorifié et élevé soit-Il, ne se moque pas, ne se joue pas, ne complote pas, ne trompe pas, mais Allah, exalté soit-Il, les rétribue pour leur moquerie, leur jeu, leur complot et leur tromperie. Gloire à Allah, bien au-dessus de ce que disent les injustes."

4. We were told by Muhammed bin Muhammed bin ‘Isam al-Kulayni, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Yaq’ub al-Kulayni, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Muhammed, known as ‘Allan al-Kulayni, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin ‘Isa bin Ubayd, that he said: I asked Abu’l-Hasan, Ali bin Muhammed al-Askari, peace be upon him, about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «The earth, all of it, is His grasp on the Day of Resurrection, and the Heavens are bent in His Right» (39:67) to which he said: That is the expression of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, to he who likened Him to His creation. Do you not see that He said: «And they did not appraise Allah His true appraisal» (39:67) when they said: «The earth, all of it, is His grasp on the Day of Resurrection, and the Heavens are bent in His Right»? Moreover, He, Exalted and Glorious is He, said: «And they did not appraise Allah His true appraisal, when they said: Allah did not send down unto a human being, anything.» (6:91) Furthermore, He, Exalted and Glorious is He, Extolled Himself from grasping and (possessing) a right hand, as He said: «Glorified is He, and Exalted, from what they associate.» (9:66).

Ceci est le contenu principal du hadith qui traite de l'explication d'Allah sur Sa grandeur et Sa transcendance par rapport à toute ressemblance avec Sa création, ainsi que sur le fait de ne pas Lui attribuer des partenaires. Il met en lumière l'importance de reconnaître pleinement la grandeur et la souveraineté d'Allah sans Lui associer quoi que ce soit, et de Lui accorder l'estime et l'adoration qui Lui sont dues.

5. We were told by Muhammed bin Muhammed bin ‘Isam al-Kulayni, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Ya’qub al-Kulayni, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Muhammed, known as ‘Allan, that he said: We were told by Abu Hamid, Imran bin Musa bin Ibrahim, from Hussain bin Qasim al-Raqqam, from Qasim bin Muslim, from his brother, Abdul-Aziz bin Muslim, that he said: I asked al-Rida, peace be upon him, about the saying of Allah, Glorious and Exalted is He: «They forgot Allah, and so He forgot them» (9:67) so he said: Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, does not forget, nor does He omit, but rather, only the made creature forgets and omits. Do you not hear Him, Exalted and Glorious is He, say: «And your Lord has never been forgetful» (19:64)? Rather, He only rewards he who forgot him and forgot the meeting of His Day by making them forget themselves, like how He, Exalted and Glorious is He, said: «And do not be like those who forgot Allah, to which He made them forget themselves. They are the sinful.» (59:19) As well as His saying, Exalted and Glorious is He: «So, today We will forget them like how they forgot the meeting of this day of theirs.» (7:51) Meaning: We abandon them like how they abandoned preparation to this day of theirs.

J'ai interrogé Ar-Ridha (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet de la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il: "Ils ont oublié Allah, c'est pourquoi Il les a oubliés." Il a répondu: "Certes, Allah, béni et exalté soit-Il, n'oublie pas et ne commet pas d'erreur. C'est plutôt la créature qui oublie et commet des erreurs. N'entends-tu pas Sa parole, exalté soit-Il: 'Et ton Seigneur n'oublie rien'? Il récompense celui qui L'oublie en lui faisant oublier son propre être, comme Il l'a dit, exalté soit-Il: 'Et ne soyez pas comme ceux qui ont oublié Allah, alors Il les a fait oublier eux-mêmes. Ceux-là sont les pervers.' Et Sa parole, exalté soit-Il: 'Aujourd'hui, Nous les oublierons comme ils ont oublié la rencontre de ce jour-là', signifiant que Nous les laisserons comme ils ont négligé de se préparer à la rencontre de ce jour."

6. We were told by my father, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, from Ya’qub bin Yazid, from Abbas bin Hilal, that he said: I asked al-Rida, peace be upon him, about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «Allah is the Light of the Heavens and the earth» (24:35) so he said: A Guide to the people of Heaven, and a Guide to the people of the earth. In the narration of al-Barqi: The Guidance of those who are in the Heavens, and a Guidance to those who are in the earth.

C'est une guidance pour les habitants des cieux, et une guidance pour les habitants de la terre.

7. We were told by Ibrahim bin Harun al-Haysi – in the City of Peace [1] – that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Ahmad bin Abi’l-Thalj, that he said: We were told by Hussain bin Ayub, from Muhammed bin Ghalib, from Ali bin Hussain, from Hasan bin Ayub, from Hussain bin Sulayman, from Muhammed bin Marwan al-Dhahli, from Fudail bin Yasar, that he said: I said to Abu Abdillah, al-Sadiq, peace be upon him: «Allah is the Light of the Heavens and the earth» (24:35). He said: That is Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He. He said: I said: «the example of His Light» (24:35). He said: Muhammed, may Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family. I said: «like a lantern» (24:35). He said: The chest of Muhammed, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family. I said: «in which there is a lamp» (24:35). He said: In it is the Light of Knowledge, that is Prophethood. I said: «the lamp is within a glass» (24:35). He said: The knowledge of Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, was issued to the heart of Ali, peace be upon him. I said: «as if it is» [2]. He said: For what thing are you reciting: «as if it is”?!» [3] I said: And how do I read it, may I be sacrificed for you? He said: «As if it [4] is a glimmering planet» (24:35). I said: «That is lit from a blessed olive tree, neither of the east, nor of the west» (24:35). He said: That is the Commander of the Believers, Ali bin Abi Talib, peace be upon him, neither a Jew nor a Christian. I said: «Its oil is about to glow, although it has not been touched by fire» (24:35). He said: It is as if knowledge is about to exit the mouth of the Knowledgeable from the Family of Muhammed, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, before he utters it. I said: «Light upon Light» (24:35). He said: The Imam right after the Imam.

8. We were told by Ali bin Ahmad bin Muhammed, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Abi Abdillah al-Kufi, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Isma’il, that he said: We were told by Hussain bin Hasan, that he said: We were told by Bikr, from Abu Abdillah al-Barqi, from Abdullah bin Yahya, from Abu Ayub al-Khazzaz, from Muhammed bin Muslim, that he said: I asked Abu Ja’far (as) concerning the saying of Allah (swt): «O Iblees, what prevented you from prostrating to what My Hands created? (bi-yadday)» [38:75]. So he said: "The hand, in the words of the Arabs connotes strength and grace. [Allah] has said: «And mention Our servant Dawood, possesser of strength (dhul-yadd)» [38:17] and «The heavens, We constructed [it] with strength (bi-yadd)» [51:47], and «[Allah] strengthened (wa-yaddhum) them with a spirit from Him» [58:22], [all use the word 'hand'] to mean strength. And (the poets) say: 'I have a white hand with so-and-so', meaning grace."

Le contenu principal du hadith met en lumière l'explication de la signification de "main" dans le langage arabe, en soulignant la force et la grâce. Il fait également référence à des versets coraniques pour illustrer le concept de force divine et de soutien accordé par Dieu. Enfin, il mentionne une expression courante pour désigner une faveur particulière.

9. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed bin ‘Isa, from Hasan bin Ali al-Khazzaz, from Abu’l-Hasan al-Rida, peace be upon him, that he said: Indeed, the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, will on the Day of Resurrection grab hold of the Waist Cloth of Allah, and we will grab hold of the Waist Cloth of our Prophet, and our party [1] will grab hold of our Waist Cloth. Then he said: The Waist Cloth is the Light.

Certes, le Messager d'Allah (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui et sa famille) le Jour de la Résurrection saisira la poignée d'Allah, et nous saisirons la poignée de notre Prophète, et nos partisans saisiront notre poignée, puis il a dit: "La poignée est la lumière."

10. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed ibn ‘Isa, from Hussain bin Sa’eed, from Fadala bin Ayub, from Aban bin Uthman, from Muhammed bin Muslim, that he said: I heard Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, say: Indeed, to Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, there are creations which He created from His Light, and a mercy from His mercy to His mercy; they are the observing Eye of Allah, and His hearing Ear, and his Tongue that speaks with his creation by His permission, and His Guardians upon what He has sent down of Justification, Warning or Proof. Hence, by them Allah erases misdeeds, and by them He repels grievance, and by them He sends down mercy, and by them He brings life into a dead and makes dead a living, and by them He tests His creation, and by them He decides in His creation His decision. I said: May I be sacrificed for you, who are these? He said: The Successors.

"Certes, Allah - Puissant et Majestueux - a créé un groupe de créatures à partir de Sa lumière, par miséricorde de Sa miséricorde. Ils sont les yeux par lesquels Allah observe, les oreilles par lesquelles Il entend, et les langues qui parlent dans Sa création par Son ordre. Ils sont les garants de ce qui est révélé, des excuses, des avertissements et des preuves. Par eux, Allah efface les péchés, repousse l'injustice, fait descendre la miséricorde, donne vie aux morts et fait mourir les vivants, teste Ses créatures et décide de leur destin. J'ai dit: Que ma vie soit sacrifiée pour vous parmi eux? Il a répondu: Les successeurs (Al-Awsiya')."

11. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Ali bin Ibrahim bin Hashim, from his father, from Ibn Abi Umair, from Umar bin Adheena, from Muhammed bin Muslim, that he said: I asked Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, of the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And I blew into him from My Spirit» (15:29). He said: It is a Spirit that Allah chose, selected, added to Himself and preferred over all Spirits, and so He ordered and blew from him into Adam, peace be upon him.

Il a dit: "C'est un Esprit qu'Allah a choisi, élu, créé, ajouté à Lui-même, et préféré à toutes les autres âmes, puis Il a ordonné qu'on en insuffle une partie en Adam - que la paix soit sur lui."

12. I was told by more than one of our companions, from Muhammed bin Abi Abdillah al-Kufi, from Muhammed bin Isma’il, that he said: We were told by Hussain bin Hasan, that he said: We were told by Bikr, from Qasim bin Urwa, from Abdul-Hameed al-Ta’I, from Muhammed bin Muslim, that he said: I asked Abu Ja’far, peace be upon him, about the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And I blew into him from My Spirit» (15:29). How was this blowing? So he said: «Indeed, the Spirit is moving like the wind, and it was only named a Spirit [1] because its name was derived from wind [2], and He only extracted it on the phrase of Spirit because a spirit is homogenic to wind, and He only added it to Himself because He selected it over other spirits, like how He has selected one house among the houses and said: My House, and how He said to a Messenger among the Messengers: My Good Friend, and the likes of so. All of that is created, made, subject to a Lord and is managed.

[Traduction du contenu principal du hadith]

13. With this chain, from Muhammed bin Isma’il, that he said: We were told by Ali bin Abbas, that he said: We were told by ‘Abees bin Hisham, from Abdul-Kareem bin Amru, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, with regards to His saying, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And When I proportioned him and I blew into him from My Spirit» (15:29) that he said: (It means) From My Ability.

"Puis, quand Je l'aurai bien formé et lui aurai insufflé de Mon Esprit..." Il a dit: "De Ma puissance."

14. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: We were told by Hussain bin Hasan bin Aban, from Hussain bin Sa’eed, from Nadr bin Suwayd, from Ibn Sinan, from Abu Naseer, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said: The Commander of the Believers, peace be upon him, said in his speech: I am the Guide, I am the Guided, and I am the father of the orphans and the needy and the husband of the widows, and I am the refuge of every weak and the secure place of every fearful, and I am the leader of the believers into Paradise, and I am the Solid Rope of Allah, and I am the Strong Loop of Allah and the Godfearing Word of Allah, and I am the Eye of Allah and His Truthful Tongue and His Hand, and I am the Regard of Allah, about which He says: «For a soul to say: How heartbroken am I for how undutiful I was towards the Regard of Allah» (39:56). And I am the Hand of Allah that is extended towards His servants with mercy and forgiveness, and I am the Door of Humility. The one who knows me and knows my right, then he has known his Lord, because I am the Successor of His Prophet in His earth and His Proof upon His creation; none deny this except for one who rejects Allah and His Messenger.

Le Commandeur des Croyants, que la paix soit sur lui, a dit dans son sermon : "Je suis le guide, je suis celui qui est guidé, je suis le père des orphelins et des nécessiteux, le mari des veuves. Je suis le refuge de tout faible, le protecteur de tout craintif. Je suis le guide des croyants vers le Paradis, je suis le lien solide d'Allah, je suis le soutien d'Allah, la parole de la piété. Je suis l'œil d'Allah, Sa langue véridique, Sa main. Je suis le côté d'Allah qui dit : 'Qu'une âme ne se lamente pas sur ce qu'elle a manqué en se tenant du côté d'Allah.' Je suis la main d'Allah tendue en miséricorde et en pardon envers Ses serviteurs. Je suis la porte de la sagesse. Celui qui me connaît m'a reconnu ainsi que mon droit, il a donc reconnu son Seigneur. Car je suis le successeur de Son Prophète sur Sa terre et Son argument contre Ses créatures. Celui qui nie cela est rebelle envers Allah et Son Messager."

15. My father, may Allah grant him mercy, said: We were told by Sa’d bin Abdullah, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Abi Abdillah al-Barqi, from his father, from Ali bin Nu’man, from Ishaq bin Ammar, from those he heard, from Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him, that he said with regards to the saying of Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He: «And the Jews said: The Hand of Allah is chained» (5:64) They did not mean that it is as such, however, they said: He has completed the matter, and so He does not add nor subtract, to which Allah, Glorified be His Glory, said in denial of their saying: «Chained be their hands! And they were cursed for what they said. Rather, His Hands are extended; He spends how He wishes.» (5:64) Have you not heard Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, say: «Allah erases what He wishes, and He confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book» (13:39)?

Dans le verset d'Allah Tout-Puissant: "Et les Juifs disent : La main d'Allah est fermée", ils n'ont pas voulu dire cela, mais ils ont dit : Il a achevé Son commandement, Il n'ajoute ni ne retranche. Alors Allah - Majestueux et Glorieux soit-Il - a réfuté leur parole en disant : "Que leurs mains soient entravées et qu'ils soient maudits pour ce qu'ils ont dit. Bien au contraire, Ses deux mains sont largement ouvertes : Il dépense comme Il veut." N'as-tu pas entendu Allah - Puissant et Majestueux soit-Il - dire : "Allah efface et confirme ce qu'Il veut et auprès de Lui se trouve la Mère du Livre".

16. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, may Allah be pleased with him, from Muhammed bin Hasan al-Saffar, from Muhammed bin ‘Isa, from al-Mushriqi, from Abu’l-Hasan al-Rida, peace be upon him, that he said: I heard him say: «Rather, His Hands are extended» (5:64) so I said: Does He have two hands, like this? And I pointed with my hand towards his hands. Then he said: No, if He was like this, He would have been (a) created (thing).

"Mais ses mains étaient étendues."