78
Chapitre
The meaning of the letters of sentences
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1. We were told by Muhammed bin Ibrahim bin Ishaq, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Muhammed al-Hamdani, the servant of the sons of Hashim, that he said: We were told by Ja’far bin Abdullah bin Ja’far bin Abdullah bin Ja’far bin Muhammed bin Ali ibn Abi Talib. He said: We were told by Katheer bin ‘Ayyash al-Qattan, from Abu’l-Jaroud, Ziyad bin Mundhir, from Abu Ja’far, Muhammed bin Ali al-Baqir, peace be upon them both, that he said: When Isa ibn Maryam [1], peace be upon him, was born, he was as a child of one day seeming as child of two months, and when he was a child of seven months, his mother took by his hand and brought him to the writers and made him sit between the hands of the teacher. Then the teacher said: Say: In the Name of Allah, the Merciful with all the creation, the Merciful to the believers in particular. Then Isa, peace be upon him, said: In the Name of Allah, the Merciful with all the creation, the Merciful to the believers in particular. Then the teacher said to him: Recite the alphabet. Then Isa, peace be upon him, raised his head and said: Do you know what I should recite of the alphabet? Then he raised the whip to hit him, so he said: O teacher, do not hit me if you were to know. Otherwise, ask me that I might interpret to you. He said: Interpret to me. Isa, peace be upon him, said: The «Alif» is the Bounties of Allah, the «Baa’» is the Delight of Allah, the «Jeem» is the Beauty of Allah, the «Daal» is the Religion of Allah, the «Huz» - «Haa’» - is the dread [2] of Hell, the «Waw» refers to the woe to the people of the Fire, the «Zaay» is the sigh [3] of Hell, «Hhatti» is the falling [4] of intentional mistakes from (the account of) the seekers of forgiveness, «Kalman» is the Speech [5] of Allah, whose Speech none will replace, «Saa’fass» refers to a Ssaa’ [6] for a Ssaa’, the reward is based upon requital, and «Qarasht» refers to that He assembled them in Hell and gathered them. Then the teacher said: O woman, take by the hand of your son, for he has known, and there is no need to him for a teacher.
IsnādMuhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Ishaq a rapporté: Nous a informé Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Hamdani, un esclave des Banu Hashim, qui a dit: Nous a informé Ja'far ibn Abdullah ibn Ja'far ibn Abdullah ibn Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, qui a dit: Nous a informé Kathir ibn Ayyash al-Qattan, de la part d'Abu al-Jarud Ziyad ibn al-Mundhir, de la part d'Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ali al-Baqir, que la paix soit sur eux, a dit:
Quand Jésus, fils de Marie, que la paix soit sur lui, est né, il était comme un enfant de deux mois. Quand il a atteint l'âge de sept mois, sa mère l'a pris par la main et l'a amené au savant. Elle l'a placé devant l'éducateur, qui lui a dit: "Dis: Au nom d'Allah, le Tout Miséricordieux, le Très Miséricordieux." Jésus, que la paix soit sur lui, a dit: "Au nom d'Allah, le Tout Miséricordieux, le Très Miséricordieux." L'éducateur lui a ensuite dit: "Dis: Alif, Ba." Jésus, que la paix soit sur lui, a levé la tête et a demandé: "Sais-tu ce que signifient Alif, Ba?" L'éducateur a levé sa main pour le frapper, mais Jésus lui a dit: "Ô éducateur, ne me frappe pas si tu sais, sinon interroge-moi pour que je t'explique." L'éducateur lui a demandé de l'expliquer. Jésus, que la paix soit sur lui, a dit: "Alif" signifie les bienfaits d'Allah, "Ba" signifie la joie d'Allah, "Jim" signifie la beauté d'Allah, "Dal" signifie la religion d'Allah, "Hawz" signifie la terreur de l'Enfer, "Waw" signifie malheur aux gens du Feu, "Zay" signifie le souffle de l'Enfer, "Hutam" signifie les péchés seront enlevés des repentis, "Kalam" signifie la parole d'Allah sans changement, "Sa'fas" signifie un seau pour un seau, et la rétribution correspond à l'action, "Qarashat" signifie leur monnaie est l'Enfer, alors rassemble-les. L'éducateur a dit: "Ô femme, prends la main de ton fils, car il a appris et n'a plus besoin d'un éducateur."
2. We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Waleed, may Allah grant him mercy, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Hasan al-Saffar, that he said: We were told by Muhammed bin Hussain bin Abi’l-Khattab, and Ahmad bin Hasan bin Ali bin Faddal, from Ali bin Asbat, from Hasan bin Yazid, that he said: I was told by Muhammed bin Salim, from Asbagh bin Nubata, that he said: The Commander of the Believers, peace be upon him, said: Uthman bin Affan asked Allah’s Messenger, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, about the interpretation of the alphabet. Then the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Learn the interpretation of the alphabet, for indeed, in it are all amazing things. Woe to a scholar who is ignorant of its interpretation. Then it was said: O Messenger of Allah, and what is the interpretation of the alphabet? He said: As for the «Alif» it is the Bounties of Allah, a letter from His Names. As for «Baa’» it is the Delight of Allah. As for «Jeem» it is the Cover of Allah and the Glory of Allah and His Beauty. as for the «Daal» it is the Religion of Allah. As for «Huz“ it is the «Haa’» the «Haa’» of the Abyss , hence, woe to those who fall into the Fire. As for the «Waw» it refers to the woe to the people of the Fire. As for the «Zaay» it is a corner in the Fire, hence, we seek refuge in Allah from what is in the corner, meaning the corners of Hell. As for «Hhatti» it is the «Hhaa’» which is the falling of mistakes from the seekers of forgiveness during the night of Qadr and what Jibra’eel descended with along with the Angels till the rise of dawn. As for the «Ttaa’» it refers to Tuba for them, and a good return, that is a tree sown by Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, and which He blew into from His Spirit, and indeed, its branches are, verily, seen from behind the lofty position of Paradise, it sprouts jewelries through jewelries, dangling at their mouths. As for the «Yaa’» it is the Hand of Allah that is Extended above His creation, Glorified and Exalted is He above what they associate. As for «Kalman» the «Kaaf» is the Speech of Allah. «There is no change for the Words of Allah» (10:64) «Never will you find, other than Him, a refuge.» (18:27) As for the «Laam» it is the familiarity of the people of Paradise among themselves with visit, greeting and peace-wishing, and the compatibility of the people of the Fire in between themselves. As for the «Meem» it is the Kingdom of Allah that does not terminate and the Permanentness of Allah that does not cease. As for the «Nun» it is «Nun. By the Pen and they inscribe.» (68:1) the Pen is a pen of Light, and there is a Book of Light in a preserved Tablet, witnessed by the Near, and sufficient is Allah as a witness. As for the «Saa’fass» the «Ssaad» refers to a Ssaa’ for a Ssaa’ and a segment , meaning that the reward is based upon requital, and that as you owe, you will be owed (likewise). Indeed, Allah does not want injustice for the servants. As for «Qarasht» it means that He assembled them and then gathered them and dispersed them until the Day of Resurrection and judged between them with the truth, and they will not be wronged. We were told of this narration by Abu Abdillah bin Abi Hamid, who said: We were informed by Abu Nasr, Ahmad bin Muhammed bin Yazid bin Abdul-Rahman al-Bukhari, in Bukhara, that he said: We were told by Ahmad bin Ahmad bin Ya’qub, son of the brother of Sahl bin Ya’qub al-Bazzaz, that he said: We were told by Ishaq bin Hamza, that he said: We were told by Abu Ahmad, Isa bin Musa al-Najjar, of Muhammed bin Ziyad al-Sukkari, of Furat in Sulayman, of Aban, of Anas, that he said: The Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: Learn the interpretation of Abu Jaad [1], for indeed, in it are all amazing things. And he mentioned the same narration, equivalent, letter by letter.
Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid nous a informés, que Dieu lui fasse miséricorde, il a dit: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar nous a informés, il a dit: Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Abi al-Khattab, et Ahmad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Fudhal, d'après Ali ibn Asbat, d'après al-Hasan ibn Yazid, il a dit: Muhammad ibn Salim m'a informé, d'après al-Asbagh ibn Nabata, il a dit: l'Imam Ali, que la paix soit sur lui, a dit: Uthman ibn Affan a interrogé le Messager de Dieu, que la prière et la paix soient sur lui et sa famille, sur l'interprétation de "Abjad". Le Messager de Dieu, que la prière et la paix soient sur lui et sa famille, a répondu: Apprenez l'interprétation de "Abjad", car en lui se trouvent toutes les merveilles. Malheur à celui qui ignore son interprétation. On lui demanda: Ô Messager de Dieu, quelle est l'interprétation de "Abjad" ? Il répondit: Quant à "Alif", c'est les grâces de Dieu, une lettre parmi Ses noms. Et quant à "Ba", c'est la joie de Dieu. Et quant à "Jim", c'est le paradis de Dieu, Sa majesté et Sa beauté. Et quant à "Dal", c'est la religion de Dieu. Et quant à "Ha", c'est le désir, "Ha" de l'abîme. Malheur à celui qui tombe dans le feu. Et quant à "Waw", malheur aux gens du feu. Et quant à "Zay", c'est un coin de l'enfer, nous cherchons refuge en Dieu contre ce qui se trouve dans ce coin, signifiant les coins de l'enfer. Et quant à "Hawz", "Ha" est le bassin, les péchés des pécheurs seront enlevés des repentants durant la Nuit du Destin, lorsque Gabriel descend avec les anges jusqu'à l'aube. Et quant à "Ta", félicitations et bon retour à eux, c'est un arbre qu'Allah a planté, dans lequel Il a insufflé de Son esprit. Ses branches seront visibles derrière le mur du paradis, poussant des parures et des bijoux, se balançant devant eux. Et quant à "Ya", c'est la main de Dieu s'étendant au-dessus de Sa création, exalté et élevé au-dessus de ce qu'ils Lui associent. Et quant à "Kaf", c'est la parole de Dieu, pas de substitution aux paroles de Dieu, et vous ne trouverez rien en dehors de Lui unificateur. Et quant à "Lam", c'est la connaissance des gens du paradis entre eux lors des visites, des salutations et des paix, et les disputes des gens de l'enfer entre eux. Et quant à "Mim", c'est l'ange de Dieu qui ne disparaît pas, et la permanence de Dieu qui ne finit pas. Et quant à "Nun", c'est la plume et ce qu'ils écrivent, la plume est faite de lumière, un livre de lumière, dans une tablette préservée, témoignée par les rapprochés, et Dieu suffit comme témoin. Et quant à "Sa'fas", "Sad" est un sa' et "Fa" est un fa, signifiant la rétribution équitable, comme vous agissez, vous serez traités, car Dieu n'opprime pas Ses serviteurs. Et quant à "Qarshat", cela signifie leur rassemblement et leur dispersion jusqu'au Jour de la Résurrection, Il jugera entre eux avec justice, et ils ne seront pas lésés. C'est ainsi que nous avons été informés de ce hadith par Abu Abdullah ibn [Abi] Hamid, il a dit: Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Bukhari de Bukhara nous a informés, il a dit
3. It has been narrated in another report that Sham’un asked the Prophet, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, and said: Tell me, what is Abu Jaad? And what is «Huz»? And what is «Hatti»? And what is «Kalman»? And what is «Saa’fass»? And what is «Qarasht»? And what is «Katab»? Then the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, said: As for Abu Jaad, it is the nickname of Adam, peace be upon him, he refused to eat from the tree, so he worked with effort and ate. As for «Huz» it is that he fell from the sky and descended to earth. As for «Hatti» it is that his intentional mistake encompassed . As for «Kalman» it is that he spoke to Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He. As for «Saa’fass» it is that Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, said: A Ssaa’ for a Ssaa’, as you owe, you will be owed. As for «Qarasht» it is that he admitted the misdeeds, so He forgave him. As for «Katab» it is that Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, wrote, near Himself, at the preserved Tablet before He created Adam with two thousand years: Indeed, Adam was created from soil, and Isa, peace be upon him, was created without a father. Then Allah, Exalted and Glorious is He, sent down in declaring his truthfulness: «The example of Isa for Allah is like the example of Adam; He created him from soil» (3:59). Then he said: You spoke true, O Muhammed.
IsnādIl n'y a pas d'isnad clairement identifiable dans ce hadith.
Simon a demandé au Prophète (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui) : "Qui est Abu Jad ? Qui est Hoz ? Qui est Hati ? Qui est Kalman ? Qui est Sa'fas ? Qui est Qarshat ? Qui est Katib ?" Le Messager (que la paix et les bénédictions de Dieu soient sur lui) a répondu : "Abu Jad est le surnom d'Adam (que la paix soit sur lui) qui a refusé de manger de l'arbre, mais il a transgressé. Hoz est celui qui est descendu du ciel sur terre. Hati est entouré par ses péchés. Kalman a parlé à Dieu. Sa'fas, Dieu a dit : 'Un sa' avec un sa', comme tu fais sera fait pour toi.' Qarshat a reconnu ses péchés et Dieu lui a pardonné. Et Katib, Dieu a écrit à son sujet dans la Tablette préservée avant la création d'Adam de deux mille ans : 'Adam a été créé de la terre, Jésus (que la paix soit sur lui) a été créé sans père, et Dieu a confirmé sa ressemblance en disant : 'La similitude de Jésus auprès de Dieu est semblable à celle d'Adam qu'Il créa de poussière.' Il a dit : 'Tu as dit vrai, ô Muhammad.'"