L'Autorité du Récit Solitaire d'un Narrateur Véridique

2. [2/-] Rijal al-Kashshi: Muhammad b. Qulawayh from Sa’d b. Abdallah from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Isa from Abdallah b. Muhammad al-Hajjal from Yunus b. Ya’qub who said: we were at Aba Abdillah’s عليه السلام place when he said: do you not have a secure shelter? do you not have a comforter whom you can seek comfort in? what prevents you from [referring to] al-Harith bin al-Mughira al-Nasri.

N'avez-vous pas de celui qui vous effraie ? N'avez-vous pas de celui vers qui vous vous reposez et qui vous empêche de Harith ibn al-Mughirah al-Nasri ?

3. [3/-] Rijal al-Kashshi: Muhammad b. Mas’ud from Muhammad b. Nusayr from Muhammad b. Isa from Abd al-Aziz b. al-Muhtadi who said: I said to Abi al-Hasan al-Ridha عليه السلام: may I be made your ransom, I cannot always reach you to ask you all that which I need from the teachings of my religion, is Yunus b. Abd al-Rahman Thiqa (trustworthy) and can I take from him what I need from the teachings of my religion? he said: yes.

J'ai dit à Abi Al-Hasan Al-Ridha, que la paix soit sur lui: "Je te mets en sacrifice, je peine à te rejoindre pour te demander tout ce dont j'ai besoin en termes de repères religieux. Est-il permis de prendre de Yunus ibn 'Abdul Rahman, un digne de confiance, ce dont j'ai besoin en termes de repères religieux?" Il a répondu: "Oui."

4. [4/-] Rijal al-Najashi: From our Shaykh al-Mufid in his book “Masabih al-Nur”: reported to us Ibn Qulawayh from Ali b. al-Husayn b. Babawayh from Abdallah b. Ja’far from Dawud b. al-Qasim al-Ja’fari who said: I presented the book “Yawm wa Layla” of Yunus to Abi Muhammad al-Askari عليه السلام, so he said to me: who authored this? I said: it has been authored by Yunus the client of the family of Yaqtin, he said: may Allah give him for every letter a light on the day of judgment.

Allah lui accordera une lumière pour chaque lettre le Jour du Jugement.

5. [5/-] al-Kafi: A number of our companions from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Isa from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Abi Nasr from Aban b. Uthman from Ibn Abi Ya’fur from Abi Abdillah (as) who said: the messenger of Allah (sw) gave a speech to the people in the Masjid of al-Khif and said: may Allah make radiant [the face of] a slave who hears my words and understands them and memorizes them and relays them to the one who did not hear them, for it may happen that a bearer of Fiqh is not a Faqih and it may happen that a bearer of Fiqh relays them to one who is more of a Faqih than him …

Le contenu principal du hadith est une exhortation à écouter attentivement les paroles du Prophète Muhammad (que la paix et les bénédictions d'Allah soient sur lui) et à les transmettre fidèlement aux autres, soulignant l'importance de la transmission du savoir et de la sagesse.

6. [6/-] Rijal al-Kashshi: Hamduwayh b. Nusayr from Ya’qub b. Yazid and Muhammad b. al-Husayn b. Abi al-Khattab from Muhammad b. Abi Umayr from Ibrahim b. Abd al-Hamid and others apart from him – they all said: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام said: may Allah have mercy on Zurara bin A’yan, if it was not for Zurara b. A’yan and his peers the narrations of my father would have perished.

Que Dieu ait pitié de Zarrara ibn A'yun, si ce n'était pour Zarrara et ses semblables, les hadiths d'Abu Abdullah (paix soit sur lui) auraient été perdus.

7. [7/-] From the messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه واله who said: whoever preserves forty of our narrations Allah will raise him on the day of judgment as a scholar possessing understanding.

Celui qui mémorise quarante hadiths de notre part, Allah le ressuscitera au Jour du Jugement en tant que savant érudit.

8. [8/-] al-Kafi: Ali b. Ibrahim from his father from Ibn Abi Umayr from Umar b. Udhayna from Ismail b. al-Fadhl al-Hashimi who said: I asked Aba Abdillah عليه السلام about Mut’a so he said: go and see Abd al-Malik b. Jurayj and ask him about it for he has some knowledge about it, so I met him and he (Ibn Jurayj) dictated a lot of material in regards its permissibility to me, so from among that which Ibn Jurayj transmitted to me included: it (Mut’ah) has no fixed duration nor limit in number [of partners with whom you can contract], it has the same status as [union with] slave girls, a man marries with them as he likes, even someone who already has four wives can marry as many as he wishes, without [permission from] guardian required nor witnesses, so when the period terminates she departs from him without divorce, and he gives her some small thing [as her Mahr], and her Idda is two menstrual cycles, and if she does not menstruate then forty five days, so I came with the book to Aba Abdillah عليه السلام and presented its contents to him, so he said: he is truthful, and he agreed with it.

J'ai interrogé Abu 'Abdillah (paix soit sur lui) au sujet de la mut'a. Il a dit: "Va voir 'Abd al-Malik ibn Jurayh et interroge-le à ce sujet, car il en a une connaissance. Je l'ai rencontré et il m'a dicté beaucoup de choses à ce sujet concernant sa licéité. Selon ce qu'il m'a rapporté, il a dit: Il n'y a ni délai ni limite dans la mut'a. C'est comme les esclaves, on peut en épouser autant qu'on le souhaite. Celui qui a quatre femmes peut en épouser d'autres sans tuteur ni témoins. Lorsque le délai est écoulé, elle se sépare de lui sans divorce et il lui donne une petite compensation. Sa période d'attente est de deux menstruations. Si elle n'a pas de menstruations, alors c'est quarante-cinq jours." J'ai apporté le livre à Abu 'Abdillah (paix soit sur lui) et je lui ai présenté. Il a dit: "C'est vrai" et il l'a approuvé.

9. [9/-] Rijal al-Kashshi: Hamduwayh who said: narrated to us Ibn Yazid from Ibn Abi Umayr from Shuayb al-Aqraqufi who said: I said to Abi Abdillah عليه السلام: it may happen that we require to ask about something – so whom should we ask? he said: upon you is al-Asadi – meaning by it – Aba Basir.

Il se peut que nous ayons besoin de demander au sujet d'une affaire, qui devrions-nous interroger?" Il a répondu: "Consulte Asadi - c'est-à-dire Aba Basir."

10. [10/-] al-Kafi: A number of our companions from Ahmad b. Muhammad from al-Hasan b. Ali from Wuhayb b. Hafs who said: we were with Abi Basir when Amr b. Ilyas came and said to him: O Aba Muhammad (i.e. Abi Basir) my brother is in Halab (Aleppo), he sent me some wealth as Zakat so that I can distribute it in Kufa, but the road was cut-off on him [brigands stole it] – do you have a narration about this? he said: yes, I asked Aba Ja’far عليه السلام this question and I don’t think anyone else has asked me about it before, I said to Abi Ja’far عليه السلام: may I be made your ransom, a man sends his Zakat from one land to another but it is intercepted on the road, he said: he is excused but if it were me I would have repeated again [giving Zakat a second time].

[votre traduction du contenu principal du hadith]

11. [11/-] al-Faqih: Via his chain from Ibrahim b. Hashim that: Muhammad b. Abi Umayr was a cloth merchant whose wealth perished and he fell into poverty, however he had loaned out ten thousand silver coins to someone, so the one he owed sold his house which he used to live in at a price of ten thousand silver coins and carried the whole sum to his (Ibn Abi Umayr’s) door, so Muhammad b. Abi Umayr came out to him and said: what is this? he said: this is your money which was due upon me, he said: you have inherited it? he said: no, he said: it has been gifted to you? he said: no, he said: is it the price of a land you have sold? He said: no, he said: then what is it? he said: I sold my house in which I live in so that I can repay my debt, so Muhammad b. Abi Umayr said: Dharih al-Muharibi narrated to me from Abi Abdillah that he said: a man is not driven out of his place of residence (his home) because of debt, take it away for I have no need of it, by Allah even though I do have a need of even a single silver coin at this time – I will not take a single one of them into my possession.

Il est rapporté par Al-Fuqih d'Ibrahim ibn Hashim que Muhammad ibn Abi 'Umair était un homme riche, mais il perdit sa richesse et devint pauvre. Il avait une dette envers un homme de dix mille dirhams. Il vendit sa maison où il vivait pour dix mille dirhams et apporta l'argent à sa porte. Muhammad ibn Abi 'Umair sortit alors vers lui et lui demanda : "Qu'est-ce que ceci ?" L'homme répondit : "C'est ton argent que tu me dois." Muhammad demanda : "Tu l'as hérité ?" L'homme répondit : "Non." Muhammad demanda : "Il t'a été offert en cadeau ?" L'homme répondit : "Non." Muhammad demanda : "Est-ce le prix d'un terrain que tu as vendu ?" L'homme répondit : "Non." Muhammad demanda : "Alors qu'est-ce que c'est ?" L'homme répondit : "J'ai vendu ma maison où je vivais pour rembourser ma dette." Alors Muhammad ibn Abi 'Umair rapporta : "Dhurrih al-Muharibi m'a informé, de la part d'Abu 'Abdillah (as), qu'il a dit : 'Un homme ne devrait pas sortir de sa ville natale pour sa religion. Élève-la, car je n'ai pas besoin de cela. Par Allah, je suis dans le besoin en ce moment d'un seul dirham, et aucun dirham de ce que je possède n'est entré.'

12. [12/-] Rijal al-Kashshi: Muhammad b. Qulawayh from Sa’d from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Isa from Abdallah al-Hajjal from al-Ala from Ibn Abi Abi Ya’fur who said: I said to Abi Abdillah عليه السلام – I am not with you at all times, and it is sometimes impossible to travel (i.e. to come to you from Kufah), and a man from among our companions comes and asks me – but I do not have everything regarding what he asks me about, he عليه السلام said: what prevents you from (going to) Muhammad bin Muslim al-Thaqafi – for he had heard from my father and had a most favorable position with him.

Il m'est impossible de te voir à chaque instant et il n'est pas toujours possible de venir te voir. Un homme parmi nos compagnons vient me questionner et je n'ai pas toujours la réponse à ses questions." Il a répondu : "Qu'est-ce qui t'empêche de consulter Muhammad ibn Muslim Al-Thaqafi, car il a entendu de mon père et il était en sa présence, un homme digne de confiance."

13. [13/-] al-Kafi: Humayd b. Ziyad from Ibn Sama’a from Ibn Ribat from Iys b. al-Qasim from Abi Abdillah عليه السلام, he (Iys) said: I asked him about a man who derogates to his wife the option to choose – so she chooses herself, will this mean that the divorce is final? he said: No, this (i.e. Takhyir) is a thing which was only for the messenger of Allah specifically, he was ordered to do that so he did it, and if they had chosen themselves then he would have divorced them – and it is the words of Allah Mighty and Majestic “Say to your wives: if you prefer the life of this world and its adornment then come forth so that I provide you a provision and set you free in a goodly manner” (33:28). al-Hasan b. Sama’a said: by this Hadith do we take [rule] in the matter of Khiyar [giving an ultimatum to the wife to decide her future].

a dit : "Je lui ai demandé quel homme est le meilleur pour sa femme, si elle se choisit elle-même et se marie avec lui ? Il a répondu : "Non, ceci était une chose spécifique au Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) qui lui a été ordonnée et qu'il a fait. Si elles se choisissaient elles-mêmes, elles divorceraient, et c'est la parole d'Allah, exalté soit-Il : Dis à tes épouses : "Si vous voulez la vie présente et ses parures, venez, je vous donnerai de quoi jouir et vous libérerai honorablement." Al-Hassan ibn Sama'a a dit : "Et c'est par ce hadith que nous prenons position sur le choix."

14. [14/-] al-Kafi: Ali b. Ibrahim from his father from Ibn Abi Umayr from Jamil b. Darraj who said: a man is not obliged to provide food except for the two parents and the children, Ibn Abi Umayr said: I said to Jamil: what about the wife? He said: it has been narrated from Anbasa from Abi Abdillah عليه السلام that he said: if he (the husband) clothes her with what covers her Awra [what should be covered] and if he feeds her what keeps her back straight then she remains with him otherwise he divorces her.

Un homme n'est contraint que de subvenir aux besoins de ses parents et de ses enfants. On a rapporté d'Anbasa, de l'Imam Abu Abdullah (paix soit sur lui) qu'il a dit: 'Si un homme lui fournit ce qui couvre sa pudeur et lui donne de quoi se nourrir convenablement, elle reste avec lui. Sinon, il la divorce.'