Certaines des raisons des divergences dans les récits — Muʿjam al-Aḥādīth al-Muʿtabara

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1. [1/73] Rijal al-Kashshi: From Ibn Masud from Ali b. al-Hasan from al-Abbas b. A’mir and Ja’far b. Muhammad b. Hukaym from Aban b. Uthman from Abi Basir who said: It was said to Abi Abdillah (AS) while I was with him: "Salim b. Abi Hafsa narrates from you that you speak with seventy facets, for each facet you have a way out [a possible alternative interpretation to avoid speaking a lie]". So he (the Imam) said: "What does Salim want from me? Does he want me to come with the angels (to prove my truth)?! For by Allah, not even the prophets came with them, and Ibrahim had said “I am sick” (37:89) but by Allah he was not sick nor did he lie, and Ibrahim also said: “Rather this, the biggest one of them (idol) has done it” (21:63) while he had not done it nor did he lie, and Yusuf said: “You are thieves” (12:70) and by Allah they were not thieves nor did he lie."

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2. [2/74] al-Kafi: Ali b. Ibrahim from his father from Ibn Abi Najran from A’sim b. Humayd from Mansur b. Hazim who said: I said to Abi Abdillah عليه السلام: what is my condition – I ask you about an issue so you answer me in it with a certain answer, then someone other than me comes to you so you answer him in it with a different answer? He said: we answer the people with addition (in-depth) and with deletion (in-brief). I said: so inform me about the companions of the messenger of Allāh صلى الله عليه واله – were they truthful about Muhammad صلى الله عليه واله or did they lie? He said: they were truthful, I said: so what was the matter with them that they differed? He said: don’t you know that a man used to come to the messenger of Allāh صلى الله عليه واله and ask him about a thing so he answers him in it with an answer, then he answers him after that with that which abrogates the former answer, so the narrations superseded one another.

Isnād[Chaîne de transmission: Ali ibn Ibrahim, de son père, de Ibn Abi Najran, de Asim ibn Hamid, de Mansur ibn Hazim]

[Contenu principal: J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (as): "Pourquoi me réponds-tu sur une question d'une manière et réponds-tu à une autre personne d'une autre manière?" Il a répondu: "Nous répondons aux gens en fonction de l'augmentation et de la diminution." J'ai demandé: "Les compagnons du Messager d'Allah (psl) ont-ils été sincères envers Muhammad (psl) ou ont-ils menti?" Il a dit: "Ils ont été sincères." J'ai demandé: "Pourquoi alors divergent-ils?" Il a répondu: "Ne sais-tu pas qu'un homme venait voir le Messager d'Allah (psl), lui posait une question et recevait une réponse, puis une autre personne posait la même question et recevait une réponse différente, car les hadiths se sont annulés les uns les autres.]

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3. [3/75] al-Kafi: Ahmad b. Idris from Muhammad b. Abd al-Jabbar from al-Hasan b. Ali from Tha’laba b. Maymun from Zurara b. A’yan from Abi Ja’far عليه السلام, he (Zurara) said: I asked him about a matter so he answered me, then a man came to him and asked him about it so he answered him with a different answer to mine, then another man came so he answered him with a different answer to the one he gave me and the first man, so when the two men had exited I said: O the son of the messenger of Allāh – two men from the people of Iraq from among your followers came to ask you – but you answered each one of them with a different answer? He said: O Zurara, this is better and more safe for us and you, for if you were all to unite upon one position the people would believe you [in what you say] about us and that would be a threat to both our and your survival, he (Zurara) said: then I [later] said to Abi Abdillah عليه السلام: your followers – if you were to make them move in the face of arrows or on fire they would do it but they come out from you having differences! He said: so he answered me with the same reply as his father.

Isnād[3/75] Al-Kafi: Ahmad ibn Idris, de Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, de al-Hasan ibn Ali, de Tha'labah ibn Maymun, de Zurarah ibn A'yan, d'Abu Ja'far (paix soit sur lui)

J'ai interrogé Abu Ja'far (paix soit sur lui) sur une question et il m'a répondu. Ensuite, un homme est venu et lui a posé la même question, et il lui a répondu différemment de ce qu'il m'avait répondu. Puis un autre homme est venu et il lui a répondu différemment de ce qu'il m'avait répondu, ainsi qu'à mon compagnon. Quand les deux hommes sont partis, j'ai dit : "Ô fils du Messager d'Allah, deux hommes de vos partisans de l'Irak sont venus vous interroger et vous avez répondu différemment à chacun d'eux ?" Il a répondu : "Ô Zurarah, c'est mieux pour nous et plus durable pour nous. Mais si vous vous mettiez d'accord sur une seule chose, les gens croiraient en nous et notre présence serait plus assurée, de même que la vôtre." J'ai ensuite dit à Abu Abdallah (paix soit sur lui) : "Si vos partisans étaient poussés vers le feu ou vers la dent de scie, ils passeraient tandis qu'ils sortiraient de chez vous en désaccord." Il m'a répondu comme son père l'aurait fait.

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4. [4/76] Ilal al-Sharai: My father from Sa’d from Muhammad b. al-Walid and al-Sindi from Aban b. Uthman from Muhammad b. Bashir and Hariz from Abi Abdillah عليه السلام, he (Hariz) said: I said to him: there is nothing more difficult for me [to bear] than the differences [that exists] between our fellows, he said: that is from me (I purposely caused that).

IsnādAbu, de Sa'd, de Muhammad ibn al-Walid et al-Sindi, d'Aban ibn Uthman, de Muhammad ibn Bashir et Hariz, d'Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui)

J'ai dit : "Rien ne m'est plus difficile que les divergences entre nos compagnons." Il a répondu : "Cela existait déjà avant moi."

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5. [5/77] al-Kafi: Ali b. Ibrahim from his father from Uthman b. Isa and al-Hasan b. Mahbub all together from Sama’a from Abi Abdillah عليه السلام, he (Sama’a) said: I asked him about a man who is answered oppositely by two of his co-religionists (i.e. Shi’as) in regards a matter – [and] both transmit it [their answers – on your authority], one of them obligates it while the other forbids it – what should he do? he said: he withholds [doing anything] until he accesses one who will inform him (of the true position), and he is respited until such a time as he meets him. [And in another narration [the Imam said]: whichever of them he acts by – suffices him – if done in subservience (with the intention of obeying)].

Isnād[Chaîne de transmission]

[Contenu principal du hadith]