Manière d'accomplir le Hajj par les habitants de La Mecque et ceux de ses environs

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz who has said the following: “This is about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘That is for those whose family is present in Masjid al-Haram.’ (2:196) Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It applies to those whose homes are within eighteen miles from the front, back, right and left from Masjid al-Haram.’”

Concernant la parole d'Allah, le Très-Haut : "Cela est pour celui dont les gens du Haram ne sont pas les voisins", il a dit : "Celui dont la demeure se situe à dix-huit milles devant elle, dix-huit milles derrière elle, dix-huit milles à sa droite et dix-huit milles à sa gauche, alors il n'a pas l'obligation de faire la 'Umra équivalente à un mouton ou à ses semblables."

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Dawud from Hammad who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the people of Makkah if they can perform al- Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not permissible for them to perform al- Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous).’ I then asked if a resident could perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). He (the Imam) said, ‘If one resides there for one or two years he is considered as people of Makkah.’ I then asked if one who stays there for one month can he perform al-Hajj al- Tamattu‘ (advantageous)? He (the Imam) said, ‘He must perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous).’ I then asked, ‘Wherefrom must he commence his al-Hajj?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He must go out of al-Haram (the sacred area).’ I then asked, ‘Where must he say Talbiyah for al-Hajj?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He must say Talbiyah from where people say it.’”

[Traduction du contenu principal du hadith]

5. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that I want to reside in Makkah, what am I required to do? He (the Imam) said, ‘When you see the new moon of Dhu al-Hajj ah then go out to al-Ja‘ranah, then assume the state of Ihram from there for al-Hajj.’ I then asked, ‘What am I required to do if I enter Makkah and remain there until the day of al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajj ah) without performing Tawaf around the House?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘(If you) stay there for ten days but do not visit al-Ka‘bah, it is a long time and you cannot leave it as if neglected. However, when you enter Makkah, you can perform Tawaf around the House and perform Sa‘y between al-Safa’ and al- Marwah.’ I then asked, ‘Is it not the case that it is considered as coming out of the state of Ihram after Tawaf and Sa‘y between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah? He (the Imam) said, ‘You commence with Talbiyah.’ Then he (the Imam) said, ‘Whenever you perform Tawaf and two Rak‘at Salat (prayer), then commence with Talbiyah.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Sufyan, your faqih came to me and said, “What makes you to instruct your followers to assume the state of Ihram from al-Ja‘ranah?’” I said to him, ‘It is a place of the places wherefrom the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, assumed the state of Ihram.’ He then asked, ‘Which one of the Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram) of the Messenger of Allah is it?’ I then said to him, ‘The Messenger of Allah assumed the state of Ihram from this place when he distributed gains of the battle of Hunayn and upon returning from Ta’if.’ He said, ‘This is what I have taken from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar who upon seeing the moon would call aloud for al-Hajj.’ I then said, ‘Was he not an acceptable person among you?’ He replied, ‘Yes, he was acceptable. However, did you not know that the companions of the Messenger of Allah would assume the state of Ihram from the Masjid?’ I then said, ‘These people were to perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous), with blood on their necks (they owed to offer sacrifice) and those people were people of Makkah who could not perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). I liked that they go out of Makkah to one of the Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram) and remain absent for a few days.’ He (Sufyan) then said to me, ‘I will report that it is one of the Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram) of the Messenger of Allah and I will see that you, O abu ‘Abd Allah, will not do so.’ I then laughed and said, ‘I will, however, see that they do so.’ ‘Abd al-Rahman then asked about the women with us and about what they are required to do. He (the Imam) said, ‘If privacy was not an issue in the case of women, I would instruct those of them who perform al-Hajj for the first time to go out. So instruct those of them who perform al-Hajj for the first time to commence al-Hajj with the new moon of Dhu al-Hajj ah and those of them who have performed al-Hajj before to commence al-Hajj on the fifth of Dhu al-Hajj ah or on al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajj ah).’ He went out and we stayed. Certain ones of the women with us who performed al-Hajj for the first time became ill (experienced Hayd (menses)). On fifth of Dhu al- Hajj ah he came and I then sent him (the Imam) a message that certain ones of the women who perform al-Hajj for the first time have become ill, ‘What are they required to do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They must wait until al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajjah). If they become clean they commence (say Talbiyah) for al-Hajj, otherwise, before the day of al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajjah), they must assume the state of Ihram and others commence (say Talbiyah) for al-Hajj on the day of al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajjah).’ I then asked, ‘There is a new born child with us. What must we do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Instruct the mother to meet Hamidah and asked her about what to do about the child.’ She went to her and asked about what to do. She (Hamidah) told her, ‘On the day of al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajjah) assume the state of Ihram for him (the child), take off his clothes and give him Ghusl (bath) as people in the state of Ihram take off their clothes, make him stay in the staying places and on the day of sacrifice throw pebbles for him. Shave his head and instruct the slave-girl to perform Tawaf with him (Sa‘y) between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah.’ I then asked him about a man of the people of Makkah who goes to certain cities and returns to Makkah and passes by a certain Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram). Can he perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not think he cannot do so, if he were to do; while I like his commencing (saying Talbiyah).”’

Abu Ali Al-Ash'ari a rapporté de Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, de Safwan, de Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj, qui a dit : J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) : "Je veux effectuer le pèlerinage, que dois-je faire ?" Il a répondu : "Quand tu verras le croissant de lune du mois de Dhu al-Hijjah, sors vers al-Ji'ranah et entre en état de sacralisation pour le pèlerinage." J'ai demandé : "Que dois-je faire une fois arrivé à La Mecque ?" Il a dit : "Reste là jusqu'au jour de la Tarwiyah sans faire les circumambulations autour de la Kaaba. Tu resteras dix jours sans t'approcher de la Kaaba, car dix jours sont nombreux. La Maison (la Kaaba) n'est pas abandonnée, mais quand tu y entreras, fais les circumambulations et marche entre Safa et Marwa." J'ai dit : "N'est-ce pas que quiconque fait les circumambulations et marche entre Safa et Marwa a accompli le rituel ?" Il a répondu : "Tu te trompes en pensant que c'est suffisant." Puis il a ajouté : "Chaque fois que tu fais les circumambulations et que tu pries deux unités de prière, accomplis le rituel. Sufyan, votre juriste, est venu me voir et m'a demandé pourquoi je n'ordonnais pas à vos compagnons d'aller à al-Ji'ranah pour se sacraliser. J'ai répondu que c'était un moment parmi les moments du Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille). Il a demandé : "Quel moment parmi ceux du Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) ?" J'ai dit : "Je me suis sacralisé à ce moment-là, lorsque les butins de Hunayn ont été partagés et que le Prophète est revenu de Ta'if." Il a dit : "C'est une chose que j'ai apprise d'Abdullah ibn Umar. Quand il voyait le croissant de lune, il proclamait le pèlerinage." J'ai demandé : "N'aviez-vous pas un accord avec lui ?" Il a répondu : "Si, mais tu ne sais pas que les compagnons du Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille) ne se sacralisaient que depuis la Mosquée." J'ai dit : "Ces gens-là jouissaient de la compagnie de leurs femmes, tandis que ceux-ci étaient des résidents de La Mecque et semblaient être des habitants de La Mecque, où les résidents n'ont pas le droit de jouir de la compagnie de leurs femmes. J'ai préféré qu'ils sortent de La Mecque pour un certain temps et qu'ils se rendent rares pendant quelques jours." Il m'a dit alors, alors que je lui disais cela, que c'était un moment parmi les moments du Messager d'Allah (que la paix soit sur lui et sa famille). "Ô Abu Abdullah, je pense que tu ne le feras pas." J'ai ri et dit : "Mais je pense qu'ils le feront." Abd al-Rahman a demandé à une femme qui était avec nous comment elle devait faire. Elle a répondu : "Si ce n'était pas pour la réputation des femmes sortant, j'aurais ordonné à toutes les femmes de sortir. Mais pour celles qui ont l'habitude de faire le pèlerinage au croissant de Dhu al-Hijjah, qu'elles sortent. Quant à celles qui ont déjà accompli le pèlerinage, si elles le veulent, elles peuvent le faire cinq jours avant le mois ou le jour de la Tarwiyah." Il est parti et nous avons passé la nuit avec certaines femmes qui avaient l'habitude de sortir au croissant de Dhu al-Hijjah. Il est revenu le cinquième jour de Dhu al-Hijjah. Je lui ai envoyé dire que certaines des femmes qui étaient avec nous avaient leurs menstruations. Que devaient-elles

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘One who resides in Makkah for one year is like the people of Makkah, thus, he must perform al-Hajj in Ifrad manner (al-Hajj without al-‘Umrah) along with the people of Makkah. However, if one resides in Makkah for less than one year, he is required to perform al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous).’”

قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ الْمُجَاوِرُ بِمَكَّةَ سَنَةً يَعْمَلُ عَمَلَ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ يَعْنِي يُفْرِدُ الْحَجَّ مَعَ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَمَا كَانَ دُونَ السَّنَةِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَتَمَتَّعَ.

7. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who resides in Makkah: if he can perform al-‘Umrah of al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so. He goes out to a Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram) to say Talbiyah, if he likes.’”

J'ai demandé à Abi al-Hasan (que la paix soit sur lui) s'il était permis à quelqu'un de combiner la 'Umrah avec le Hajj. Il a répondu : "Oui, il sort vers le lieu de son intention et effectue le Tawaf s'il le souhaite."

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one enters Makkah to perform al-Hajj for others then remains in Makkah for one year, he is considered as one of the people of Makkah. If he wants to perform al-Hajj for himself or wants to perform al-‘Umrah after returning from ‘Arafat, he cannot then assume the state of Ihram in Makkah. He must go out to a Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram) and every time he changes, he is required to go to a Miqat (place for assuming the state of Ihram).”’

Il a dit : "Celui qui entre à La Mecque pour le pèlerinage pour quelqu'un d'autre, puis y reste une année, il devient un habitant de La Mecque. S'il veut ensuite accomplir le pèlerinage pour lui-même, ou s'il veut faire la 'Umra après être parti d'Arafat, il n'est pas autorisé à se mettre en état d'ihram à La Mecque, mais il doit sortir à un endroit précis, et chaque fois qu'il revient, il doit retourner à cet endroit."

9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Safwan from abu al-Fadl who has said the following: “I resided in Makkah and I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about wherefrom should I assume the state of Ihram for al-Hajj. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must assume the state of Ihram from where the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, did which is al-Ja‘ranah, which is the place where victory came to him several times like the victory of Ta’if, Khaybar and the Victory.’ I then asked, ‘When should I go out?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is your first al-Hajj, you can go out on the second day of Dhu al-Hajj ah, but if it is not your first al-Hajj, then you can go out on fifth of Dhu al-Hajj ah.’”

[Contenu principal du hadith traduit]

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If a resident of Makkah enters Makkah for al-‘Umrah in non-Dhu al-Hajj ah months, like Rajab, the month of al-Sha‘ban or the month of Ramadan or other months other than Shawwal, Dhu al-Qa’dah or Dhu al-Hajj ah, thereafter wants to go out, he can go to al-Ja‘ranah. He can assume the state of Ihram, then go to Makkah and continue Talbiyah until he can see the House. He then must perform Tawaf around the House, two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) near Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then he must go for Sa‘y between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah. He then must complete Taqsir (cut or trim a part of his nails or hair) and come out of the state of Ihram. Thereafter, on the day of al-Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajj ah) say Talbiyah (for al-Hajj).”’

Le voisin de La Mecque, lorsqu'il y entre pour accomplir la 'Umra en dehors des mois du Hajj, en Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadan ou d'autres mois, sauf les mois du Hajj, alors les mois du Hajj sont Shawwal, Dhu al-Qa'da et Dhu al-Hijja. Celui qui y entre pour la 'Umra en dehors des mois du Hajj, puis veut accomplir le Hajj, qu'il sorte vers al-Ji'ranah pour se mettre en état d'ihram, puis qu'il vienne à La Mecque sans interrompre le tawaf jusqu'à ce qu'il voie la Kaaba, puis qu'il fasse le tawaf autour de la Kaaba et prie deux rak'ahs près de la station d'Ibrahim, puis qu'il sorte vers Safa et Marwa pour faire le sa'i entre eux, puis qu'il se rase ou se coupe les cheveux, puis qu'il refasse le tawaf le jour de Tarwiyah.