Manière du Hajj pour les Enfants et les Esclaves

2. Ahmad ibn abu Nasr has narrated from ‘Abd al-Karim from Ayyub brother of ’Udaym who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked, ‘Where from are children required to assume the state of Ihram?’ He (the Imam) said, ’My father would make them to assume the state of Ihram from Fakhkh (name of a place).”’

Mon père les dépouillait d'une peau de chèvre.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from his father who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of small children with me and I am afraid for them of cold. Where from must they assume the state of Ihram? He (the Imam) said, ‘Bring them to al-‘Arj (a place) and you are in Tihamah (a place).’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If you are afraid for them, bring them to al-Juhfah.’”

[Le contenu du hadith a été traduit ci-dessus.]

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘See if there are children with you, bring them to al- Juhfah or to Batn Marr and do for them what a person in the state of Ihram must do. They are made to perform Tawaf, throw pebbles; and if one cannot find offering animal for them, his guardian must fast for them. Ali ibn Al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would place the knife in the hand of the child and a grown up person, then place his hand on the hand of the child to complete slaughtering.’”

"Regardez parmi les jeunes qui sont avec vous, emmenez-les vers le Hajr ou vers le ventre de Mar, et faites-leur ce qui est fait aux pèlerins. Faites-leur faire le Tawāf, lapidez pour eux. Et si vous ne trouvez pas de sacrifice pour eux, qu'ils jeûnent pour eux et pour leur gardien. 'Alī ibn al-Husayn (sur eux la paix) plaçait le couteau dans la main de l'enfant, puis l'homme tenait ses mains et égorgeait."

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from al-Fadl ibn Yunus who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A slave is not obligated to perform al-Hajj or al-‘Umrah until he is free.’”

Il a dit: "Il n'y a ni pèlerinage ni 'umrah pour un esclave tant qu'il n'est pas affranchi."

6. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of boys who have come with us to Makkah for al-‘Umrah and then to Arafat without assuming the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘Instruct them to take Ghusl (bath), assume the state of Ihram, slaughter for them as you slaughter (the offering animal) for yourself.’”

J'ai demandé à Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet de jeunes hommes qui sont venus avec nous à La Mecque pour accomplir la 'Umra et qui sont partis avec nous à Arafat sans être en état d'ihram. Il a dit: Dis-leur de se laver, puis de faire leur ihram, et qu'ils sacrifient comme vous sacrifiez pour vous-mêmes.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Whatever a slave may commit in the state of Ihram is on his master, if he gives him permission to assume the state of Ihram.’”

Chaque chose qui atteint le serviteur alors qu'il est en état d'ihram est imputée à son maître s'il lui a donné la permission en étant en état d'ihram.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from af-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of our slave who came with us with his wife, performed al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) and said Talbiyah for al-Hajj on the day of al- Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajj ah), but I did not offer sacrifice for him. Is he required to fast after leaving when the days have passed, about which Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has spoken? He (the Imam) said, ‘Why did you not instruct him to perform in Ifrad manner (al-Hajj without al-‘Umrah)?’ I replied, ‘I sought goodness.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Just as you sought goodness, slaughter for him a fat sheep’ and that was the last day to leave.’”

J'ai demandé à Abi Ibrahim (que la paix soit sur lui) au sujet d'un jeune homme qui était sorti avec moi et à qui j'avais ordonné de profiter de lui-même et d'avoir des relations conjugales pendant le pèlerinage le jour de la Tarwiya, sans sacrifier pour lui. Est-il permis à ce jeune homme de jeûner après avoir accompli le rituel du pèlerinage, alors que les jours que Dieu a mentionnés se sont écoulés ? Il a répondu : "N'as-tu pas ordonné à ce jeune homme de se consacrer entièrement au pèlerinage ?" J'ai dit : "J'ai cherché le bien." Il a dit : "Comme tu as cherché le bien, sacrifie un mouton gras." C'était le dernier jour du rituel du pèlerinage.

9. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who instructed his slaves to perform al- Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). He (the Imam) said, ‘He must offer al-Hady (sacrifice) for them.’ I then said, ‘He gave them dirham. Certain ones among them offered sacrifice and others kept the dirham and fasted.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is sufficient for them and he has the choice; if he wants he can leave them (dirham) alone. If he were to instruct them to fast, it would have been sufficient.’”

Un homme a ordonné à ses esclaves de se divertir. Lorsqu'il leur a donné des pièces de monnaie, certains ont fait l'expiation prescrite et d'autres ont gardé les pièces et ont jeûné. Dans les deux cas, l'homme est excusé et a le choix de s'abstenir de l'expiation. Même s'il leur avait ordonné de jeûner et qu'ils l'avaient fait, il aurait été excusé pour eux.