Le Cas de Celui Qui Doit Jeûner Deux Mois Consécutifs mais un Obstacle l'En Empêche

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In fasting, as expiation for an oath in the case of Zihar which is two consecutive months of fasting, consecutive order is established by fasting one whole month and certain days of the next month or something thereof. Thereafter if something occurs to him he may eat and then carryout Qada’ (compensatory fast) of what remains of the two months. If one fasts for one month only, then something occurs before fasting even one day of the second month, because of which one stops fasting, consecutive order becomes invalid; thus one is required to start all over again.’”

Il a dit : "Le jeûne pour expier un serment fait en vain pendant la journée consiste en deux mois consécutifs, et la continuité signifie jeûner un mois puis jeûner des jours ou une partie du mois suivant. Si quelque chose lui est présenté pour rompre le jeûne, il rompt, puis rattrape ce qui lui reste. S'il jeûne un mois, puis quelque chose lui est présenté pour rompre le jeûne avant qu'il ne jeûne quelque chose du mois suivant, il doit recommencer le jeûne en entier."

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah ibn Mehran who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who owes two consecutive months of fasting if he can separate the days. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he fasts for more than one month consecutively, then something happens because of which he stops fasting, it is not harmful; but if it is one month or less than one month, then he is required to start all over again.’”

J'ai demandé à propos d'un homme qui jeûne deux mois consécutifs sans interrompre entre les jours. Il a répondu : S'il jeûne plus d'un mois, il doit le compléter, puis s'il est confronté à une situation qui l'oblige à rompre le jeûne, il n'y a pas de mal. Mais s'il jeûne moins d'un mois ou un mois, il doit recommencer le jeûne.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who owes two consecutive months of fasting because of Zihar and fasts the month of Dhu al-Qa’dah, then the month of Dhu al-Hajjah comes. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can fast the whole month of Dhu al-Hajjah except the days of tashriq (11, 12, 13) which he can make its Qada’ (compensatory fast) in the beginning of Muharram to complete three days, and in this way he has fasted two consecutive months.’ He (the Imam) said that it is not proper for him to go near his wife before completing Qada’ (compensatory fast) of the three days of tashriq, which he did not fast. It is not harmful to fast one month and certain days of the following month, and if something happens because of which fasting discontinues he can carry out its Qada’ (compensatory fast) after completing the two months.’”

Un homme jeûnait deux mois consécutifs en plein jour. Il jeûna le mois de Dhu al-Qa'da, puis entra dans le mois de Dhu al-Hijja. Il dit : "Jeûne tout le mois de Dhu al-Hijja, sauf les jours de Tachriq, qu'il rattrape au début du mois de Muharram jusqu'à compléter trois jours. Ainsi, il aura jeûné deux mois consécutifs. Il ne devrait pas s'approcher de sa famille avant d'avoir rattrapé les trois jours de Tachriq qu'il n'a pas jeûnés. Il n'y a pas de mal s'il jeûne un mois, puis jeûne quelques jours du mois suivant, puis une excuse se présente pour qu'il les interrompe, puis il rattrape après avoir complété les deux mois.

5. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mansur who has said the following: “About a man who fasts because of Zihar in the month of al-Sha‘ban, then the month of Ramadan comes; abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘He is required to fast the month of Ramadan, then resume the fast. If because of Zihar he fasted for more than half by one day he completes only Qada’ (compensatory fast) of the rest.’”

Il a été rapporté de l'Imam Abu Abdullah (que la paix soit sur lui) qu'il a dit : "Si quelqu'un jeûne pendant le mois de Sha'ban, puis le mois de Ramadan arrive, qu'il continue à jeûner Ramadan. S'il jeûne pendant la journée de Sha'ban et ajoute une journée de jeûne, il pourra compenser les jours manquants."

6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Musa ibn Bakr from al-Fudayl who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who makes it obligatory upon himself to fast one month. He fasts fifteen days then something happens. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has fasted fifteen days he completes (compensatory fast) of the rest but if it is less than fifteen days, it is not sufficient until he fasts one whole month.”’

"Concernant un homme qui s'est imposé le jeûne d'un mois et a jeûné quinze jours, puis s'est trouvé confronté à une situation, il a dit : S'il a jeûné quinze jours, il lui est permis de rattraper les jours manquants, mais s'il a jeûné moins de quinze jours, cela ne lui suffit pas jusqu'à ce qu'il jeûne le mois complet."

7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about one’s discontinuing the fast which is for expiation due to an oath, Zihar or murder. He (the Imam) said, ‘If one owes fasting for two consecutive months, then stops fasting because of illness in the first month, he is required to resume the fast all over again. If one fasts the first month and also certain days from the second month then something happens which is good reason, he only is required to complete its Qada’ (compensatory fast).”’

Et s'il jeûne le premier mois et jeûne une partie du deuxième mois, puis lui survient une excuse, il doit rattraper [le jeûne].

8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri’ab from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who kills a person by mistake in a sacred month. He (the Imam) said, ‘Blood money has become substantial on him. He is required to set a slave free or fast for two consecutive months of the sacred ones.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if something takes place in between?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Give an example.’ I said, ‘If ‘Id day or the days of tashriq (11, 12, and 13) come in between. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to fast because it is a binding right upon him.’”

Un groupe de nos compagnons a rapporté que Abu Ja'far (que la paix soit sur lui) a dit: J'ai demandé à propos d'un homme qui a tué quelqu'un par erreur pendant le mois sacré. Il a répondu: Il doit payer le prix du sang et affranchir un esclave ou jeûner deux mois consécutifs parmi les mois sacrés. J'ai dit: Mais il y a quelque chose qui entre en conflit avec cela. Il a dit: Qu'est-ce que c'est? J'ai dit: Le jour de l'Aïd et les jours de Tachriq. Il a dit: Il doit jeûner ces jours, car c'est un devoir pour lui.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Aban ibn Taghlib from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who kills a man in the sacred area. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one full and a half blood money, wergild. He fasts for two consecutive months of the sacred months, sets free a slave and feeds sixty destitute people.’ I then said, ‘What happens if something comes in between?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Give an example.’ I said, ‘The two ‘Id and the days of tashriq (11, 12, and 13).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to fast because it is an established right on him.’”

`Un homme a tué un homme dans le Haram. Il doit payer le prix du sang, jeûner deux mois consécutifs parmi les mois sacrés, affranchir un esclave et nourrir soixante pauvres. Les jours de Aïd et les jours de Tachrīq, il doit jeûner, car c'est un droit qui lui est dû.`