Diverses traditions de al-Ridha (as) — ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā - Volume 1

30-51 Tamim ibn Abdullah ibn Tamim al-Qurashi - may God be pleased with him - narrated that his father quoted on the authority of Ahmad ibn Ali Al-Ansari, on the authority of Abdul Salam ibn Salih al-Harawi that he had heard Abul Hassan Ali ibn Musa Al-Ridha (s) say, “The first person for whom beer was made during the era of Islam in Syria was Yazid - may God damn him. He was sitting at the spread-out tablecloth with the decapitated head of Al-Hussein (s) there, when they brought him some beer. He drank some and personally served beer to his companions. The God damned Yazid told his companions, ‘Drink this since it is a blessed drink! If it was not blessed, we would not have been the first ones to drink it with the head of our enemy in front of us, and our tablecloth spread out. We are eating and drinking with perfect calm and peace of mind.’” Imam Al-Ridha (s) added, “Whoever is one of our followers should abstain from drinking beer, since it is the drink for our enemies. Whoever does not abstain is not one of our followers. My father (s) narrated that his father (s) quoted on the authority of Ali ibn Abi Talib (s) that God’s Prophet (s) said, ‘Do not wear the clothes of our enemies. Do not eat our enemies’ food. Do not follow what our enemies follow. Should you do so you are one of our enemies just as they are.’”The author of this book (Sheikh Sadooq) - may God have Mercy upon him - said, “What is meant by “the clothes of our enemies” is their military attire. What is meant by “our enemies food” is date wine, beer, mud, any floating (dead) fish, eel, sheatfish, scaleless fish, lizard meat, rabbit meat, fox meat, birds that sometimes flap their wings but mostly glide, eggs whose tips are the same, sea locusts which cannot fly, and spleens. What is meant by ‘what our enemies follow’ is going to improper places such as gatherings where they drink wine, parties in which they have forbidden fun, places where they rule not according to what is right, meetings in which they gossip about the Immaculate Imams (s) and the believers, gatherings of the disobedient people, the oppressors, the corrupt ones, the gamblers. (I have heard that drinking a lot of beer will make one drunk. Whatever drinking a lot of will make you drunk, is forbidden to drink, whether you drink a little bit or a lot of it.)

IsnādTamīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Tamīm al-Qurashī رضي الله عنه a rapporté : Mon père nous a informé, d'après Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī al-Ansārī, d'après ʿAbd al-Salām ibn Ṣāliḥ al-Harawī, qui a dit : J'ai entendu Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Mūsā al-Riḍā عليه السلام dire : Le premier à être considéré comme hypocrite dans l'islam en Syrie est Yazid ibn Muʿāwiya, que la malédiction d'Allah soit sur lui. Il fut amené alors qu'il était à table, et elle était dressée sur la tête de al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī عليه السلام. Il commença à boire et à faire boire à ses compagnons en disant : Buvez, car ceci est une boisson bénie. De sa bénédiction, nous sommes les premiers à en avoir pris, même si ce n'est que parce que nous sommes les premiers à l'avoir pris, et la tête de notre ennemi est devant nous, notre table est dressée sur lui, nous mangeons alors que nos âmes sont tranquilles et nos cœurs apaisés. Que celui parmi nos partisans s'abstienne de boire le vin, car c'est la boisson de nos ennemis. S'il ne le fait pas, il ne fait pas partie de nous. Mon père m'a rapporté, d'après ses pères, d'après ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib عليهم السلام qui a dit : Le Messager d'Allah صلى الله عليه وآله a dit : Ne portez pas les vêtements de mes ennemis, ne mangez pas les repas de mes ennemis, ne suivez pas les chemins de mes ennemis, sinon vous deviendrez mes ennemis comme ils sont mes ennemis. L'auteur de ce livre, qu'Allah lui fasse grâce, a dit : Les vêtements des ennemis sont le noir, les repas des ennemis sont le vin enivré, le vin pétillant, la boue, le poisson grillé, le poisson salé, le poisson séché, le poisson fumé, et tout ce qui n'a pas d'écailles de poisson, la viande de lézard, de lapin, de renard, et ce qui n'est pas égorgé parmi les oiseaux, et ce qui a des ailes mais ne vole pas, la rate, les lieux de rassemblement des ennemis sont les endroits de diffamation, les assemblées de consommation d'alcool, les lieux de divertissement, les assemblées où la vérité n'est pas jugée, les assemblées où les Imams عليهم السلام et les croyants sont critiqués, les assemblées des gens du péché, de l'injustice, de la corruption, et du jeu de hasard [Il m'a été rapporté qu'il existe différents types de boissons gazeuses, dont la plupart sont enivrants, et seuls quelques-uns ne le sont pas, et la plupart d'entre eux sont illicites].

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